Caxton article by Neil Hussey

2023-10-26 14:14:23 UTC

Too many words for eggs-confusing

Still understood what an egg was but one word would make it easier

2023-10-26 14:15:22 UTC

eggys, egges or eyren

wanted a standard English so people are all taking about the same thing. This meant that when he was trading all his buyers would know what he is selling.

Trade

2023-10-26 14:15:25 UTC

Having a standard form aids trade as the exchange of goods and services for capital is more clear and understood. Thus, a standard form aids in economic upturn.

John Pitts: Resistance Identity

2023-10-26 14:15:51 UTC

Resisting from Standard English in order to preserve one's own heritage, roots, and dialect.

Lingua Franca

2023-10-26 14:15:57 UTC

Prescriptivism

2023-10-26 14:16:40 UTC

Preservation of a prestige English, with standard forms - John Honey, says this Standard English should not change.

Jean Aitchison: Crumbling Castle

2023-10-26 14:17:41 UTC

The idea that English was once perfect and non-standard English is damaging.

Descriptivism

2023-10-26 14:18:02 UTC

David Crystal: language change is a natural process, accommodates new technology and social change

Jean Aitchson

2023-10-26 14:18:32 UTC

crumbling castle

infectious diseases

damp spoon

1476

2023-10-26 14:18:35 UTC

Jean Aitchison: Damp Spoon

2023-10-26 14:19:01 UTC

The idea that non-standard English is uncomfortable to use.

Giles ('73) - Communication Accomodation

2023-10-26 14:19:11 UTC

If language is standardised, then it will become more difficult to communicate with those who have accents or dialects. Thus, it may actually hurt trade in certain areas, or create greater distance between audience and speaker, as was seen in George Osborne's 'mockney' speech.

guy deutscher

2023-10-26 14:20:11 UTC

sea of dead metaphors

language has to die to evolve therefore change should be inevitable

2023-10-26 14:20:13 UTC

making world trade easier due to the lingua franca. he was a mercier

2023-10-26 14:20:24 UTC

2023-10-26 14:21:18 UTC

Haughen(1966) Omar (1992) - Norm selection from the most powerful and affluent areas.

However, some deviate from this due to its association with possession, power, and control, and this is called Linguistic Rebellion or Resistance Identity, coined by John Pitts.

Wellierm carkstern?

2023-10-26 14:21:48 UTC

William Caxton

Descriptivism

2023-10-26 14:22:18 UTC

fishermen strengthened their accents when tourists visited. this was to show a sense of camaraderie between the fishermen and their sense of identity with Martha's vineyard.

Jenny Cheshire - Teen rebellion

2023-10-26 14:22:29 UTC

80% of teenagers intentionally diverge from the standard form in order to create distance between them and there teachers/parents. Hence, selecting a standard form is pointless for this age group as being rebellious is part of their identity (linking to Pitts' theory of resistance identity).

substratum theory

2023-10-26 14:23:02 UTC

people will always be exposed to the media which contains different accents and dialects, therefore it would be difficult to preserve a 'Standard English'.

2023-10-26 14:24:23 UTC

caxton believed that we should all speak differently - no lingua franca

2023-10-26 14:24:42 UTC

Guy Deucher (Aitchson agreed)

2023-10-26 14:25:39 UTC

Sea of dead metaphors

language must die to evolve

Guy Deutscher

2023-10-26 14:25:58 UTC

codification

2023-10-26 14:26:10 UTC

applied rules to the language which made it easier for people to follow

2023-10-26 14:28:23 UTC

Aitchison: crumbling castle - language should be preserved intact.

elaboration

2023-10-26 14:28:28 UTC

after it was produced, this allowed a standard form to reach masses of people

English became the lingua franca

2023-10-26 14:30:45 UTC

Caxton chose to create a standard form in order to create a lingua franca, which was, retrospectively, successful as it remains as so today. 2 billion people speak English, reflecting its widespread usage and association with affluence and influence.