Article 10 - Everyone has the right to an official, public, impartial and fair trial.


Article 6 — legal personality (that is, the legal and juridical recognition of everyone as a citizen) must be recognized everywhere and everywhere.

Article 3 — the most fundamental rights are presented: to life, liberty and personal security.

a major environmental disaster in brazil is the fire in Vila Socó (São Paulo, 1984)In 1984, the city of Cubatão, in São Paulo, was a national security area, where about six thousand people lived on land close to Petrobras' pipe installations, used to transport petroleum products. On February 24, there was an operating error that resulted in one of the biggest environmental disasters in the country: about 700,000 liters of gasoline leaked, causing a large fire and without any plan to evacuate the area. The soil and part of the water table in the region were contaminated and the official numbers are 93 dead. No one was held criminally responsible for the disaster and the families who lived in Vila Socó received a small compensation and houses in a neighboring neighborhood.

In Brazil, environmental disasters have devastated several parts of the country in recent years. Oil slicks on the coast, fires in Chapada dos Veadeiros and the Pantanal and dam failures in Brumadinho and Mariana are among the sad milestones. Remember the cases:

Oil on the coast of the Northeast and Southeast (2019)
Oil slicks reached the Brazilian coast in the second half of 2019. Data from the Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (Ibama) and the Brazilian Navy indicate that 1,009 locations were affected, in at least 130 municipalities in 11 different states.

The event harmed marine biodiversity with the death of animals, damage to reefs and environmental protection areas and the pollution of coastal areas. In addition, the oil compromised economic activities such as fishing and tourism in the affected regions.

Spaces such as the marine nursery of the Parnaíba River Delta, located between Piauí and Maranhão, and the Abrolhos archipelago, the richest area in biodiversity in South America, were affected by oil slicks from the crude oil spill.

At least 27 municipalities in Santa Catarina declared a situation of emergency because of the rains that hit the state between Monday (2) and Thursday (5).

The number was disclosed in a report by the Civil Defense of Santa Catarina. At least 121 municipalities registered some occurrence because of the rains.

Also according to the report, three people died, two in the municipality of São Joaquim and one in the municipality of Urubici. All the deaths occurred after trying to pass through flooded areas with vehicles, which ended up being dragged by the currents.

• https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/tudo-sobre/enchentes.
• https://www.sbtnews.com.br/noticia/sbt-brasil/197847-deslizamentos-de-terra-deixam-4-mortos-em-minas-gerais.

On March 29, 2003, in the municipality of Cataguases, MG, the dam of one of the reservoirs of Indústria Cataguases de Papel Ltda broke, releasing approximately one billion four hundred million liters of bleach into the Cágado stream and Pomba river. (or black liquor), which is the industrial leftover from pulp production. The accident affected three states, leaving 600,000 people without water. The death of plant and animal species was also observed. The lack of an immediate response to the accident on the part of Organs responsible bodies aggravated its impacts, making the initiation of the necessary measures to contain the damages, as well as the accountability of the authors, excessively slow. The choice of the theme can be justified by its relevance, since, although described by the national press as “the biggest environmental disaster that has ever occurred in Brazil”, it can be seen that more than two years later, little or nothing has been done in the sense of applying the relevant legislation. The “accident” in Cataguases is just one example of disasters that will happen if basic principles of our society are not reviewed.
essential for society, and whose damages cannot often be measured or individualized.

The dam failure in Brumadinho on January 25, 2019 was the biggest work accident in Brazil in terms of loss of human life and the second biggest industrial disaster of the century. It was one of the biggest environmental disasters for mining in the country, after the dam collapsed in Mariana.