Autonomic Nervous System by Daina Bernabe https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj en-us 2023-03-07 11:05:28 UTC 2026-02-28 22:58:03 UTC hello@padlet.com Subdivisions of the ANS dainabernabe https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2509835641 The ANS consists of two subdivisions, the Sympathetic Nervous System and the Parasympathetic Nervous System. Alternate names would be the Adrenergic System and the Cholinergic System. ]]> 2023-03-09 06:59:22 UTC https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2509835641 Neurotransmitters dainabernabe https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2511513907 Neurotransmitters for the Sympathetic system include acetylcholine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine. Acetylcholine is the main neurotransmitter for the Parasympathetic system.]]> 2023-03-10 08:04:56 UTC https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2511513907 Locations of Neurotransmitters dainabernabe https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2511525632 Acetylcholine is released at ganglia from presynaptic nerve endings on both systems. Norepinephrine are released at postganglionic nerve endings while epinephrine is released by the adrenal medulla. Dopamine is released by the hypothalamus of the brain.]]> 2023-03-10 08:18:00 UTC https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2511525632 Receptors and Main locations dainabernabe https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2511537998 Receptors for the Sympathetic system are alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, and beta 2 receptors. Alpha 1 receptors are located on glands, smooth muscles, eyes, most arteries and veins. Alpha 2 receptors are located on adrenergic nerve endings. Beta 1 receptors are found in the heart and beta 2 receptors are found in smooth muscles, lungs, uterus, skeletal muscle arteries, and coronary arteries. 
Receptors for the Parasympathetic system are muscarinic, nicotinic 1, and nicotinic 2 receptors. Muscarinic receptors are located in cardiac, smooth muscle, and glands. Nicotinic receptors are found in ganglia of parasympathetic nerves and sympathetic nerves and nicotinic 2 receptors are located in neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle.]]> 2023-03-10 08:30:50 UTC https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2511537998 End Organ responses dainabernabe https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2511562800 In the Sympathetic system, alpha 1 receptors cause vasoconstriction or constriction on most veins and arteries, smooth muscles, and the eyes (pupils). Alpha 2 receptors cause the decrease of release of norepinephrine and decreases contraction of smooth muscle and creates negative feedback. Beta 1 receptors increases heart rate, force of contraction, and atrioventricular conduction. Beta 2 receptors help smooth muscle and the uterus to relax, bronchodilation in the lungs, and vasodilation of the skeletal muscle arteries and the coronary arteries.
In the Parasympathetic system, muscarinic receptors decrease heart rate, cause bronchoconstriction, increase GI secretions, and increase urination and pupillary constriction. Both Nicotinic receptors trigger rapid neural or neuromuscular transmissions and can cause muscle contractions or can modulate blood flow. ]]> 2023-03-10 08:57:32 UTC https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2511562800 Drug Classifications dainabernabe https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2512469604 Sympathomimetics and Sympatholytics are type of drugs that affect the Sympathetic system. Sympathomimetics are drugs that produce effects that imitate the sympathetic system and Sympatholytics are drugs that work against the sympathetic system. Sympathomimetics drugs are usually called adrenergics or agonists and Sympatholytics drugs are called adrenergic blocking, blockers, inhibitors, or antagonists.
Parasympathomimetics and Parasympatholytics are drugs that affect the Parasympathetic system. Parasympathomimetics are drugs that imitate or mimic the parasympathetic system and Parasympatholytics are drugs that work agains the parasympathetic system. Parasympathomimetics drugs are called agonists or cholinergics and Parasympatholytics drugs are called antagonists or anticholingerics. ]]> 2023-03-11 02:44:39 UTC https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2512469604 Drug Examples dainabernabe https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2512487213 Examples of Sympathomimetics drugs:
- Alpha-1 Adrenergic Agonists
                ephedrine
                phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine®)
-Adrenergic Agonists
                 epinephrine (Adrenalin®)
-Beta-1 Adrenergic Agonists
                      dobutamine
-Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonists
                      formoterol (Foradil®)
                  albuterol (Proventil®, Ventolin®)
                      terbutaline (Brethine®)
Examples of Sympatholytics drugs:
-Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blockers
                  prazosin (Minipress®)
                      terazosin (Hytrin®)
                      doxazosin (Cardura®)
-Beta Blockers
       ~Nonselective
                      nadolol (Corgard®)
                      propranolol (Inderal®)
                      timolol (Blocadren®)
         ~Selective
                      atenolol (Tenormin®)
                      metoprolol (Lopressor®)
Examples of Parasympathomimetics drugs:
-Direct Acting Cholinergic Agonist
                      acetylcholine
                      pilocarpine (Pilocar®)
                 bethanechol (Urecholine®)
- Indirect Acting Cholinergic Agents
      neostigmine (Prostigmin®)
Examples of Parasympatholytics:
-  Anticholinergics
                        atropine
                        dicyclomine (Bentyl®)

]]> 2023-03-11 03:36:36 UTC https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2512487213 Sources dainabernabe https://padlet.com/dainabernabe/l4lchuuzp77bp2lj/wish/2512496006 HPRS 2300 Unit 2 Drug List
U2 ANS Part 1.pptx
U2 ANS Part 2.pptx
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