NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL CHEMICAL PRODUCTS by María Jesús

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

mjalmagro2 — 2017-05-23 16:49:48 UTC

COTTON
Cotton is mainly composed of cellulose, cellulose belongs to an important group of organic compounds known as “Carbohydrates” this group includes sugar, starch, etc.. They contain Hydrogen, Oxygen and Carbon.

María Jesús Almagro

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

mjalmagro2 — 2017-05-23 17:02:35 UTC

NYLON
First produced in 1935, Nylon is one of the most common plastics in the world and has been used to create everything from clothes and parachutes to food packaging and guitar strings. Nylon can also be used in conjunction with other materials, such as glass and carbon fibre, as its wide range of qualities are often beneficial, but sadly lacking from the materials that it teams up with.

María Jesús Almagro

ARTIFICIAL SUBTANCE

2017-05-24 14:58:31 UTC

CEMENT
Cements used in construction are usually inorganic, often lime or calcium silicate based, and can be characterized as being either hydraulic or non-hydraulic, depending upon the ability of the cement to set in the presence of water

Bruno Martínez Villa

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

2017-05-24 15:04:12 UTC

IRON
It is a malleable metal, silver gray color and has magnetic properties; Is ferromagnetic at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. It is extremely hard and dense. It is found in nature as part of numerous minerals, including many oxides, and is rarely found free. To obtain iron in the elemental state, the oxides are reduced with carbon and then subjected to a refining process to remove the impurities present.

Bruno Martínez Villa

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

2017-05-29 15:36:38 UTC

WOOD
Wood is a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. It is an organic material, a natural composite of cellulose fibers that are strong in tension and embedded in a matrix of lignin that resists compression. Wood is sometimes defined as only the secondary xylem in the stems of trees.
Cristina Alcaina Oliva.

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

2017-05-29 15:42:59 UTC

PLASTIC
Plastic is a material consisting of any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organiccompounds that are malleable and can be molded into solid objects. Plastics are typically organic polimers of high molecular mass, but they often contain other substances.
Plasticity, is the general property of all materials that are able to irreversibly deform without breaking
Cristina Alcaina Oliva

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

2017-05-30 14:19:29 UTC

Sulfur
Sulfur is a chemical element. It is yellow and is fundamentallly used to make fertilizier. it also use to make gunpowder, phosphorus and insecticide. Is a very important matrial in industry. You can found it in volcanos areas.

Santiago Caravaca Ortin

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

2017-05-30 14:57:12 UTC

Glass
The glass is transparent and rigid.It used to make windows and bottles, also to make solar plate and glasses. The glass is obtain by melting sand or carbon at 1500 grades.you can find glass in solid liquid or gas.
Santiago Caravaca Ortin

NATURAL SUBTANCE

2017-05-30 17:34:48 UTC

Ice Ice is frozen water. Is one of the three natural states of water. Pure water freezes to zero degrees. Water is one of the few substances that when frozen increases its volume (decreases its density).In mineralogy is accepted as a valid mineral since it is a stable solid at temperatures of less than zero degrees.
Nuria Díaz Martinez

ARTIFICIAL SUBTANCES

2017-05-30 17:55:41 UTC

Fireworks Pyrotechnics are called devices that are prepared for pyrotechnic reactions to occur inside. Pyrotechnic reactions occur through non-explosive combustion of materials, which can generate flames, sparks etc. The origin of pyrotechnics is directly related to the invention of gunpowder in China. The formula for this flammable material was brought to Europe by the Arabs during its great expansion through North Africa and Spain
Nuria Díaz Martínez

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

2017-05-30 18:52:39 UTC

SEA SALT
Also called sodium chloride (NaCI), the common salt is an inorganic substance that is produced by the union of an atom of sodium and another of chlorine, in form of whitish crystals. We can obtain it very easily evaporating sea water, since the liquid disappear and the salt crystals remain.
Ester Bonito Bujok

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

2017-05-30 18:58:25 UTC

ASPIRIN
Acetylsalicylic acid, commonly know as aspirin, is a compound derived from the bark of white willow, which is now fully synthesized in high purity ranges in laboratories. It is a non-steroidal antinflammatory and analgesic considered the most taken medication in the world.
The chemical formula of aspirin is (is in the photo):
Ester Bonito Bujok

Natural substance

mrrobertin1 — 2017-05-31 14:38:24 UTC

Leather is a durable and flexible material created by tanning skin and rawhide from the animals like the cows. They use the leather from the prehistoric times for clothing, make houses furnitures...
Roberto Ramírez Navarro

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

2017-05-31 17:11:32 UTC

COCONUT

Coconut is a tropical fruit obtained from coconut. It has a thick outer shell and a fibrous mesocarp and a hard inner, hairy and brown that has adhered the pulp, which is white and aromatic.
Mario Floriano Jiménez

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

2017-05-31 17:19:57 UTC

ARTIFICIAL GRASS

Artificial grass is a surface of synthetic fibers made to resemble natural grass. It is most commonly used in sports arenas where it is originally or normally played on natural grass.

Mario Floriano Jiménez

NATURAL SUBTANCE

2017-06-01 17:11:26 UTC

GLUCOSE
Glucose is a simple sugar. It circulates in the blood of animals. It is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. It is the most important source of energy for cellular respirantion. Glucose is the most important medications needed in a basic health sistem .It molecular formula C₆H₁₂O_6.
Jara Floriano Jiménez

ARTIFICIAL SUBTANCES

2017-06-01 17:59:02 UTC

INK
Ink is a liquid or paste that contains pigments, it is used for drawing or writing with a pen. Old ones were mineral inks based on materials as graphite that were ground with water and applied with ink brushed. The process of making India Ink was known in China as early as the middle of the 3rd millennium.
Jara Floriano Jiménez

NATURAL SUBANCE

2017-06-03 15:49:28 UTC

Calcium is a chemical element, symbol Ca and atomic number 20. Its atomic mass is 40,078. Calcium is a mild grayish metal, and is the fifth most abundant mass in the earth's crust. It was discovered in 1808 by Humphry Davy.
Francisco Javier Manzanera Gutiérrez

ARTIFICIAL SUBTANCE

2017-06-03 15:58:28 UTC

The hard paste porcelain is composed of a ceramic material initially produced from agglomerate containing kaolinite and a feldspatic rock called "petunse" and cooking at a very high temperature between 1300 and 1500 °.
Francisco Javier Manzanera Gutiérrez.

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

lauramartinez2511 — 2017-06-04 10:11:16 UTC

Calcium carbonate is a common, white chemical compound found naturally. Its most common natural forms are chalk, limestone, and marble, produced by the sedimentation of the shells of small fossilized snails, shellfish, and coral over millions of years. Many of us encounter calcium carbonate for the first time in the school classroom, where we use blackboard chalk.
Laura Martínez Castaño

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

lauramartinez2511 — 2017-06-04 10:24:32 UTC

Nitric acid is a viscous and corrosive liquid that can cause serious burns in people. It is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. Nitric acid dissolves in water, forming a hydrogen ion and nitrate ion (NO₃). Is used especially as an oxidizing agent. Nitric acid is normally considered to be a strong acid at ambient temperatures. Its chemical formula is HNO_3.Laura Martínez Castaño

NATURAL SUBTANCE

2017-06-04 14:52:34 UTC

Menthol is an organic compound made sinthetically or obtained from corn mint, peppermint or other mint oils. It is a waxy, cristallyne substance, clear or white in color, which is solid at room temperature and melts slightly above.. Menthol has local anesthetic and counterirritant qualities, and it is widely used to relieve minor throat irritation.
Celia Leante Iniesta

ARTIFICIAL SUBTANCE

2017-06-04 14:59:56 UTC

Hydrochloric acid is a corrosive, strong mineral acid with many industrial uses. A colorless, highly pungent solution of hydrogen chloride, in water, when it reacts with an organic base it forms a hydrochloride salt.

Hydrochloric acid was historically called acidum salis, muriatic acid, and spirits of salt because it was produced from rock salt and green vitriol.
Celia Leante Iniesta

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-04 15:01:48 UTC

Plastic is a material consisting of any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic compound that are malleable and can be molded into solid objects. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass, but they often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic, most commonly derived from petrochemicals, but many are made from renewable materials such as polylactic acid from corn or cellulosics from cotton linters.
Pedro González Ballesta

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-04 15:19:57 UTC

Water. The most abundant inorganic substance of the planet, the water, is indispensable for the emergence and sustenance of the life. Its simple molecule, two atoms of hydrogen and one of oxygen, is a product and byproduct of numerous chemical reactions and is abundant in gaseous form in our atmosphere. It is estimated that 70% of the surface of the planet is water between solid and liquid.
Pedro González Ballesta

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

gemahidalgo88 — 2017-06-04 15:33:35 UTC

IRON.
Iron is a natural substance that appears in the periodic table. Its appearance is like a shiny, greyish metal that rusts in damp air.
Its non-toxic and essential for human body, in our daily life we use it for architecture, cutlery and also for jewellery. Iron is the fourth most abundant element, by mass, in the Earth's crust. The core of the Earth is thought to be largely composed of Iron with nickel and sulfur.
Gema Blesa

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

gemahidalgo88 — 2017-06-04 16:02:43 UTC

NYLON.
Nylon is an artificial or manufactured product. It is a thermoplastic silky material, its first use commercially was a nylon toothbrush and also womans stockings. This substance was created by Wallace Carothers, in 1934. Nowadays, we use nylon for making clothes, fishing nets, ropes, and type cords.
Gema Blesa.

NATURAL SUBSATANCE

2017-06-05 14:18:02 UTC

GOLD.
Gold is a chemical element of atomic number 79, which is located in group 11 of the periodic table. It's a soft, yellow coloured precious metal.
It is a soft, bright, yellow, heavy, malleable and ductile transition metal. Gold does not react with most chemicals, but it is sensitive and soluble to cyanide, mercury, royal water, chlorine and bleach. This metal is normally found in the pure state, in the form of nuggets and alluvial deposits.
Francisco Manuel Lopez Lopez

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-05 14:23:16 UTC

PAPER
Paper is a material consisting of a thin sheet made from cellulose pulp, a pulp of ground vegetable fibers suspended in water, generally bleached, and subsequently dried and hardened, to which normally substances such as polypropylene or polyethylene In order to provide you with special features. The fibers that compose it are bonded together by hydrogen bonding. Also called paper, sheet, or folio, to an individual sheet or cut of this material.
Francisco Manuel Lopez Lopez

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

lauramartinez2511 — 2017-06-05 17:29:16 UTC

Caffeine content can range from as much as 160 milligrams in some energy drinks to as little as 4 milligrams in a 1-ounce serving of chicolate flavored syrup. If you have to be awake and your going to sleep, caffeine will keep you awake. Caffeine is a bitter substance that occurs naturally in more than 60 plants
Ana Cutillas García

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

lauramartinez2511 — 2017-06-05 17:32:50 UTC

Phenols are similar to alcohols but form stronger hydrogen bonds. they are more soluble in water than are alcohols and have higher boiling points.Phenols are widely used in household products and as intermediates for industrial synthesis. For example, phenol itself is used as a desinfectant in household cleaners and in mouthwash.
Ana Cutillas García

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-05 20:50:31 UTC

Wool is a natural fiber that is obtained from goats (goat and mainly sheep), and other animals such as llamas, alpacas, guanacos, vicuñas or rabbits, through a process called shear. It is used in the textile industry to make products such as bags, blankets, gloves, socks, sweaters, etc. Cristina Botía Gil

IRON

2017-06-05 20:55:30 UTC

Iron is a natural substance.It appears on the periodic. It is located in group 8.Its symbol is Fe.It has been historically very important.It is a silvery gray metal and presents magnetic properties.It is found in nature forming part of numerous minerals and is rarely found free. Steel is Indispensable due to its low price and tenacity, especially in cars etc.
Claudia Rodríguez Teruel

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-05 20:59:07 UTC

Acetylsalicylic acid or AAS (C9H8O4), popularly known as aspirin, the name of a brand that went into common use, is a drug in the family of salicylates. It is used as a drug to treat pain (analgesic), fever (antipyretic) and inflammation (anti-inflammatory), because of its inhibitory, non-selective effect of cyclooxygenase.1 2
It is also used to treat specific inflammations such as Kawasaki disease, pericarditis, or rheumatic fever.
Cristina Botía Gil

NAIL POLISH

2017-06-05 21:10:06 UTC

Nail polish is a cosmetic that aims to paint the toenails of the fingers and toes through a colored lacquer. Normally nail varnishes are the refined composition of the painting of automobiles. They are mainly composed of the following : Diacetone alcohol

Citric acid

Nitrocellulose

Toluene

Formaldehyde

Etc.
This last three components form the color of nails. The companies that are dedicated to the manufacture of this type of products currently face the problem of eliminating the toxic ingredients.

Claudia Rodriguez Teruel

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-06 15:16:40 UTC

Gasoline is a transparent, petroleum-derived liquid that is used primarily as a fuel in internal combustion engines. It consists mostly of organic compounds obtained by the fractional distillation of petroleum, enhanced with a variety of additives.

To form gasoline are present: Gaseous products such as carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen, nitrogen and water vapor. Also present are carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons and their derivatives.

Luis Cano

NATURAL SUSBTANCE

2017-06-06 15:28:34 UTC

Diamond is a metastable allotrope of carbon, where the carbon atoms are arranged in a variation of the face centered cubic crystal structure called a diamond lattice. Diamond is lesstable than graphite, but the conversion rate from diamond to graphite is negligible at standard conditions. Diamond is renowned as a material with superlative physical qualities, most of which originate from the strong covalent between its atoms. In particular, diamond has the highest hardness and thermal conductivity of any bulk material.

Carbon-containing minerals provide the carbon source, and the growth occurs over periods from 1 billion to 3.3 billion years (25% to 75% of the age of the Earth). Diamonds are brought close to the Earth's surface through deep volcanics eruptions by magma, which cools into igneous rocks known as kimbertiles and lamproites. Diamonds can also be produced synthetically in a HPHT method which approximately simulates the conditions in the Earth's mantle.

Luis Cano

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-06 15:34:51 UTC

Paper is a thin material produced by pressing together moist fintes of cellulose pulp derived from wood, raya or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets. It is a versatile material with many uses, including writing , printing , packaging, cleaning, and a number of industrial and construction processes
Marta Gómez

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-06 15:39:17 UTC

Water is a transparent and nearly colorless che,o la substance that is the main constituent of Earth's streams , lakes, and oceans , and the fluids of most living organism . Its chemical fórmula is H₂O, meaning that its molecule contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms, that are connected by covalent bonds. Water strictly refers to the liquid state of that substance, that prevails at standard ambient temperature and pressure; but it often refers also to its solid state (ice) or its gaseous state (steam or water vapor). It also occurs in nature as snow, glaciers, ice packs and icebergs, clouds, fog, dew, aquifers, and atmospheric humidity.

Marta Gómez

NATURAL SUBSTANC

2017-06-06 16:08:36 UTC

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-06 16:12:35 UTC

Ceramics,
It is extracted from the cooking of previously molded natural clays.
Its initial use was the manufacture of containers used to contain food or beverages. Later it was used to model figurines of possible symbolic, magical, religious or funerary character. It was also used as a building material. Its atoms are more united than that of metals. The smaller the grain, the greater the resistance. It insulates the electric current.

Pablo García

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

luciacebs — 2017-06-06 16:18:40 UTC

The cocoa bean, also called the cacao bean is the dried and fully fermented seed of Theobroma Cacao, from which cocoa solids and, because of the seed’s fat, cocoa butter can be extracted. The beans are the basis of chocolate, and of such Mesoamerican foods as mole and tejate.
Lucía Ceballos Pérez

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

luciacebs — 2017-06-06 16:28:37 UTC

The tar is a dark brown or black viscous liquid of hydrocarbons and free carbon, obtained from a wide variety of organic materials through destructive destillation. Tar can be produced from coal, wood, petroleum or peat. Its main use was in preserving wooden vessels against rot.

Tar-like products can also be produced from other forms of organic matter, such us peat. Mineral products resembling tar can be produced from fossil hydrocarbons, such us petroleum. Coal tar is produced from coal as a byproduct of coke production.
Lucía Ceballos Pérez

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-06 16:40:37 UTC

Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hidrogen with the formula NH3. The simplest pnitogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell. It contributes significantly to the nutricional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving us a precursor to food and fertilizers.
Ammonia is either a bullid te block for the synthesis of many pharmaceutical products.

Juan José Esteban Soto

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-06 16:40:44 UTC

Hydrogen, is the chemical element of atomic number 1, represented by the symbol H, is the lightest in the table of elements, this gas is flammable, colorless, odorless, non-metallic and insoluble in water.

Hydrogen constitutes about 75% of the visible matter of the universe.

It is found mainly in the form of hydrogen gas (H2) in the stars and in the gaseous planets, and also appears attached to other elements forming a great variety of chemical compounds, such as water (H2O) and most organic compounds.

Pablo García

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-06 16:46:41 UTC

Leather is a durable and flexible material created by tanning animal rawhide and skin, often cattle hide. It can be produced at manufacturing scales ranging from cottage industry to heavy industry.

People use leather to make various goods—including clothing (e.g., shoes, hats, jackets, skirts, trousers, and belts), bookbinding, leather wallpaper, and as a furniture covering. It is produced in a wide variety of types and styles, decorated by a wide range of techniques.

By Pablo Contreras Plaza

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-06 16:54:27 UTC

Cement is a binder, a substance used in construction that sets, hardens and adheres to other materials, binding them together. Cement is seldom used solely, but is used to bind sand and gravel (aggregate) together. Cement is used with fine aggregate to produce mortar for masonry, or with sand and gravel aggregates to produce concrete.

Cements used in construction are usually inorganic, often lime or calcium silicate based, and can be characterized as being either hydraulic or non-hydraulic, depending upon the ability of the cement to set in the presence of water

By Pablo Contreras Plaza

NATURAL SUBSTANCE

2017-06-06 16:58:36 UTC

Honey is produced by bees collecting néctar for use as sugars consumed to support metabolismo of muscle activity during foraging or to be stored as a long-term food supply. The honey is stored in honeycombs. Wild bee nests are sometimes located by following a honeyguide bird.
Juan José Esteban Soto

2017-06-06 19:06:41 UTC

NATURAL SUBTANCE

2017-06-06 19:11:01 UTC

The Carminic Acid is a red subtance that we use for the
clothes, the food or pharmaceuticals as a colorant.
It comes from the cochineal. This insects produce this acid as a deterrent to predators.
Its molecular formula is:
C₂₂H₂₀O_13.
BY: Mª Teresa Marín Parra

ARTIFICIAL SUBTANCE

2017-06-06 19:47:27 UTC

The Sulfuric Acid is a highly corrosive strong mineral acid colorless oily liquid.
This is soluble in water with release of heat.
It is used to make fertilizers and others chemicals, in petroleum refining, in iron and steel production.
Its molecular formula is:
H₂SO_{4
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