Metal Alloys by ku zarina ku ahmad https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys Made with swagger en-us 2016-11-16 00:19:12 UTC 2023-06-03 19:03:26 UTC hello@padlet.com Students., kuna4375 https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945211 Please share any tpes of metal alloy eg the classification, alloying element, properties and applications. 
thanks]]> 2016-11-16 00:22:06 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945211 https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945504 nadynaddo πŸ’•
metal alloys divided into two classes ferrous and nonferrous. ferrous alloys grouped into two which are steel and cast iron.
advantage of ferrous alloys
* abundant quantities within earth crust.
* metallic iron and steel alloys can be produced using relatively economical extraction, refining, alloying and fabrication techniques 
* can be tailored to have wide range of mechanical and physical properties 
disadvantage
* easy to corrode

steels divided to low carbon, medium carbon and high carbon steel. 

low-carbon steels 
* less than 0.25 wt%C and unresponsive to heat treatment. 
* microstructure consists of ferrite and pearlite thus soft and weak but ductile and tough.
* yield strength 275 Mpa
* tensile strength 415 and 550 Mpa
* ductility 25%EL

medium-carbon steels
* carbon concentration between 0.25 to 0.60 wt%
* heat treated by austenizing, quenching and tempering
* low hardenability
* stronger than low carbon steel but less ductile and less tough

high carbon steel
* carbon content 0.60 and 1.4wt%
* hardest and strongest, least ductile
]]> 2016-11-16 00:26:09 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945504 Amir Haziq https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945533 2016-11-16 00:26:31 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945533 AZRI HAFIZI https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945538 Ferrous alloys are iron based alloys that has extensive use in wide range of industries because of its flexibility to meet strength, toughness, and impact of diverse industrial applications. This flexibility depends on the heat treatment procedures, which modifies the final micro-structure. Examples of ferrous alloys include carbon steels, alloy steels, stainless steels, tool steels, cast iron, cast steel, maraging steel, and specialty or proprietary iron-based alloys.

Low-carbon steel

  • Low Carbon Steel – Composition of 0.05%-0.25% carbon and up to 0.4% manganese. Also known as mild steel, it is a low-cost material that is easy to shape. While not as hard as higher-carbon steels, carburizing can increase its surface hardness.
]]> 2016-11-16 00:26:32 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945538 https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945557 M.kuga
Alloy steels are made by combining carbon steel with one or several alloying elements, such as manganese, silicon, nickel, titanium, copper, chromium and aluminum. These metals are added to produce specific properties that are not found in regular carbon steel.]]> 2016-11-16 00:26:54 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945557 Ebal https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945561
  • Cast Iron – carbon 2 – 6% and Iron at 94 to 98%. Very strong but brittle. Used to manufacture items such as engine blocks and manhole covers.

    • ]]>     2016-11-16 00:26:56 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945561     PARTHIBAN https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945614 2016-11-16 00:27:48 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945614 Ashraf wajdi 2130511 https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945636 Β Alloy steel is a steel that has had small amounts of one or more alloying elements (other than carbon) such as such as manganese, silicon, nickel, titanium, copper, chromium and aluminum added. This produces specific properties that are not found in regular carbon steel. Alloy steels are workhorses of industry because of their economical cost, wide availability, ease of processing, and good mechanical properties. Alloy steels are generally more responsive to heat and mechanical treatments than carbon steels.]]> 2016-11-16 00:28:11 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945636 Muh https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945670 2016-11-16 00:28:36 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945670 Asyraf ab.llah cherahku https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945691 Almost every material we could ever want is lurking somewhere in the planet beneath our feet. From the gold we wear as jewelry to the oil that powers our cars, Earth's storehouse of amazing materials can supply virtually every need. Chemical elements are the basic building blocks from which all the materials inside Earth are made. There are 90 or so naturally occurring elements and the majority of them are metals. But, useful though metals are, they're sometimes less than perfect for the jobs we need them to do. Take iron, for example. It's amazingly strong, but it can be quite brittle and it also rusts easily in damp air. Or what about aluminum. It's very light but, in its pure form, it's too soft and weak to be of much use. That's why most of the "metals" we use are not actually metals at all but alloys: metals combined with other substances to make them stronger, harder, lighter, or better in some other way. Alloys are everywhere around usβ€”from the fillings in our teeth and the alloy wheels on our cars to the space satellites whizzing over our heads. Let's take a closer look at what they are and why they're so useful!

    Photo: This fuel tank from the Space Shuttle was made from a super-light aluminum-lithium alloy, so it's a whopping 3400 kg (7500 lb) lighter than the tank it replaced. Cutting weight from the basic structure of the Shuttle meant it could carry heavier payloads (cargo). Photo by courtesy of NASA Kennedy Space Center (NASA-KSC).

    What is an alloy?

    ]]>     2016-11-16 00:28:49 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945691     Muhammad haikal ariff https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945861 2016-11-16 00:30:57 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945861 Zuhair https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945936 2016-11-16 00:31:50 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945936 PARTHIBAN https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945993 2016-11-16 00:32:36 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137945993 PARTHIBAN https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137946318 2016-11-16 00:36:37 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137946318 SANGEE https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137946422
  • Stainless steel:
    • It contains 8% nickel and 18% chromium. It is resistant to corrosion and has high tensile strength. Therefore it is used for making utensils, cutlery, automobile parts, surgical instruments, etc.

    ]]>     2016-11-16 00:37:38 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137946422     Safuan https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137946459 Some common alloys and what we use them for
    There are zillions of different alloys used for zillions of different purposes. We've listed 20 of the more common (or otherwise interesting) ones in the table below. There are lots of different variations on most alloys and the precise mixture can vary widely, so the percentage figures you see quoted in different books will often not agree exactly.



    Alnico
    Iron (50%+), aluminum (8–12%), nickel (15–25%), cobalt (5–40%), plus other metals such as copper and titanium.
    Magnets in loudspeakers and pickups in electric guitars.

    Amalgam
    Mercury (45–55%), plus silver, tin, copper, and zinc.
    Dental fillings.

    Babbitt metal ("white metal")
    Tin (90%), antimony (7–15%), copper (4–10%).
    Friction-reducing coating in machine bearings.

    Brass
    Copper (65–90%), zinc (10–35%).
    Door locks and bolts, brass musical instruments, central heating pipes.

    Bronze
    Copper (78–95%), tin (5–22%), plus manganese, phosphorus, aluminum, or silicon.
    Decorative statues, musical instruments.

    Cast iron
    Iron (96–98%), carbon (2–4%), plus silicon.
    Metal structures such as bridges and heavy-duty cookware.

    Cupro-nickel (copper nickel)
    Copper (75%), nickel (25%), plus small amounts of manganese.
    Coins.

    Duralumin
    Aluminum (94%), copper (4.5–5%), magnesium (0.5–1.5%), manganese (0.5–1.5%).
    Automobile and aircraft body parts, military equipment.

    Gunmetal
    Copper (80–90%), tin (3–10%), zinc (2–3%), and phosphorus.
    Guns, decorative items.

    Magnox
    Magnesium, aluminum.
    Nuclear reactors.

    Nichrome
    Nickel (80%), chromium (20%).
    Firework ignition devices, heating elements in electrical appliances.

    Nitinol
    Nickel (50–55%), titanium (45–50%).
    Shape-memory alloy used in medical items, spectacle frames that spring back to shape, and temperature switches.

    Pewter
    Tin (80–99%) with copper, lead, and antimony.
    Ornaments, used to make tableware before glass became more common.

    Solder
    Varies. Old-fashioned solders contain a mixture of tin (50-70%), lead (30-50%), copper, antimony, and other metals. Newer solders dispense with lead for health reasons. A typical modern solder has 99.25 percent tin and 0.75 percent copper.
    Connecting electrical components into circuits.

    Steel (general)
    Iron (80–98%), carbon (0.2–2%), plus other metals such as chromium, manganese, and vanadium.
    Metal structures, car and airplane parts, and many other uses.

    Steel (stainless)
    Iron (50%+), chromium (10–30%), plus smaller amounts of carbon, nickel, manganese, molybdenum, and other metals.
    Jewelry, medical tools, tableware.

    Stellite
    Cobalt (67%), chromium (28%), tungsten (4%), nickel (1%).
    Coating for cutting tools such as saw teeth, lathes, and chainsaws.

    Sterling silver
    Silver (92.5%), copper (7.5%).
    Cutlery, jewelry, medical tools, musical instruments.

    White gold (18 carat)
    Gold (75%), palladium (17%), silver (4%), copper (4%)
    Jewelry.

    Wood's metal
    Bismuth (50%), lead (26.7%), tin (13.3%), cadmium (10%).
    Solder, melting element in fire sprinkler systems.


    ]]>     2016-11-16 00:38:02 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137946459     Asyraf ab cherahku https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137946483 You might see the word alloy described as a "mixture of metals", but that's a little bit misleading because some alloys contain only one metal and it's mixed in with other substances that are nonmetals (cast iron, for example, is an alloy made of just one metal, iron, mixed with one nonmetal, carbon). The best way to think of an alloy is as a material that's made up of at least two different chemical elements, one of which is a metal. The most important metallic component of an alloy (often representing 90 percent or more of the material) is called the main metal, the parent metal, or the base metal. The other components of an alloy (which are called alloying agents) can be either metals or nonmetals and they're present in much smaller quantities (sometimes less than 1 percent of the total). Although an alloy can sometimes be a compound (the elements it's made from are chemically bonded together), it's usually a solid solution (atoms of the elements are simply intermixed, like salt mixed withwater).]]> 2016-11-16 00:38:17 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137946483 Musthofalkarami https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137946697 2016-11-16 00:40:01 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137946697 Amir Haziq https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137947104 2016-11-16 00:44:38 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/137947104 THIBAN https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/138912377
  • Low Carbon Steel – Composition of 0.05%-0.25% carbon and up to 0.4% manganese. Also known as mild steel, it is a low-cost material that is easy to shape. While not as hard as higher-carbon steels, carburizing can increase its surface hardness.
  • Medium Carbon Steel – Composition of 0.29%-0.54% carbon, with 0.60%-1.65% manganese. Medium carbon steel is ductile and strong, with long-wearing properties.
  • High Carbon Steel – Composition of 0.55%-0.95% carbon, with 0.30%-0.90% manganese. It is very strong and holds shape memory well, making it ideal for springs and wire.

    • ]]>     2016-11-20 07:14:53 UTC https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/138912377     SARVANA https://padlet.com/kuna4375/metal_alloys/wish/138997457 Silver Alloy
    Composition
    Silver in its purest form is malleable, ductile and extremely soft. This extreme softness makes it easy to work with, however, it also has its drawbacks. This causes silver to be scratched and deformed easily, thereby making it not suitable for manufacture of functional items. Thus, pure silver (92.5%) is combined with 7.5% copper metal to get 925 sterling silver. The copper metal gives silver, the ample strength required. Besides copper, even germanium, platinum and zinc can be added to the silver to form sterling silver.
    Uses
    Sterling silver is used to make 925 silver jewelry. Another popular use of sterling silver is for the manufacture of tableware. Silver knives, spoons, forks, trays and tea sets are made and used by the elite. Since sterling silver is naturally aseptic and is also resistant to antiseptics, heat sterilization and body fluids, it is used in the manufacture of medical instruments. Moreover, it is also used to make musical instruments like flute and saxophones.






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