https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la There are several types of genetic testing, as genetic engineers your job is to explore genetic testing using molecular cytogenetic testing by FISH. Use your textbook, internet and links provided to find out detailed information on molecular cytogenetic testing by FISH and describe how the process is done. Your research should include the following information 1. A detailed explanation on how would you test the gene with an example. 2. Limitations of Molecular Cytogenetic Testing by FISH when used for genetic testing. 3.How is it different from karyotyping or cytogenetic testing. en-us 2017-10-15 21:33:16 UTC 2024-10-01 17:42:13 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197172591 FISH is different from both karyotyping and cytogenetics because  karyotyping is a method used in genetic testing that analyses whole chromosomes to identify genetic changes, eg: searching for an extra copy of a chromosome. Cytogenetics is a genetic testing method used to identify chromosomal abnormalities, eg: trisomy of chromosome 2.  Fluorescence in situ Hybridization is a molecular cytogenetic testing that can detect chromosomal abnormalities when mitotic cells are not available for chromosomal analyses, eg: cross sex-transplant. 

]]> 2017-10-15 22:47:28 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197172591 d_yousif https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197172890 Fish is when fluorescent labelled nucleic acid DNA fragments are allowed to hybridize, or attach to whole chromosomes. This allows the chromosomes to be assessed for changes in structure such as deletion or duplication.eg. A-B-C would be A-B-B-C, this is duplication. Deletion is when A-B-C becomes A-C]]> 2017-10-15 22:50:09 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197172890 d_yousif https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197173471 Fish can be used to detect presence or absence of HER-2 for breast cancer.]]> 2017-10-15 22:56:16 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197173471 https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197173490 Fluorescence in situ hybridisation  (FISH) is a genetic testing technique that provides researchers with a way to envision and plot the genetic material in individuals cells. ]]> 2017-10-15 22:56:30 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197173490 jrssahagun11 https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197173609 The limitations for FISH(Fluorescent in situ hybridization) are that it doesn't usually screen all chromosomes for changes. 
It has limited ability to precisely define which genes and are involved in with a certain type of disease. 
Also scientist have trouble to see duplications in chromosomes this is because attachment of extra probes is not always easy to see.]]> 2017-10-15 22:58:00 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197173609 https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197174153 - Locus specific probes: Used to determine on which chromosome a gene is located, or how many copies of a gene exist within a particular genome.
- Alphoid or centromeric repeat probes: Used to determine whether an individual has the correct number of chromosomes and if an individual is missing genetic material from a particular chromosome.
- Whole chromosome probes: Useful for examining chromosomal abnormalities. E.g. When one piece of chromosome is attached to another.

]]> 2017-10-15 23:04:02 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197174153 d_yousif https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197174201 The first step is to prepare short sequences of single-stranded DNA that match a portion of the gene the researcher is looking for. These are called probes. The next step is to label these probes by attaching one of a number of colors of fluorescent dye.]]> 2017-10-15 23:04:38 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197174201 https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197174337 2017-10-15 23:06:18 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197174337 https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197174545 2017-10-15 23:08:00 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197174545 https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197174627 2017-10-15 23:08:44 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197174627 greynolds4 https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197650605 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nG7cd5OewmI]]> 2017-10-17 05:56:47 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197650605 greynolds4 https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197650646 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gu0KfCzgEDE

– start playing from 8 minutes to 11:30 minutes

]]> 2017-10-17 05:57:07 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/197650646 d_yousif https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/198051786 https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/pag.ebook/ebooks/flash/9781488611223/StudentLaunch.html?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIZVQRYZQEOBECPPQ&Expires=1508282875&Signature=GI4VDHMA0V3kiCbI05pl7kIgtcQ%3D#

]]> 2017-10-17 23:28:14 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/198051786 https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/198051917 2017-10-17 23:29:20 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/198051917 jrssahagun11 https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/198052217 https://academic.oup.com/biohorizons/article/3/1/85/228880/Applications-of-fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization]]> 2017-10-17 23:31:30 UTC https://padlet.com/greynolds4/l12msf2s78la/wish/198052217