The beit hamikdash was destroyed on 7CE on the 9th of Av. It was destroyed by the Roman and the leader was Titus . It was destroyed because the Jewish revolt against the Roman. People still honor the beit hamikdash destruction.

The Gemara serves as a detailed commentary on the Mishnah, a foundational text of Jewish law.

2. Part of the Talmud:

Together, the Mishnah and the Gemara constitute the Talmud, a central work in Rabbinic Judaism.

3. Two Versions:

There are two versions of the Gemara: the Talmud Yerushalmi (Jerusalem Talmud) and the Talmud Bavli (Babylonian Talmud).

4. Oral Tradition:
Initially transmitted orally, the Gemara was eventually written down over several centuries. 

5.Focus on Legal and Ethical Discussions:

It explores various aspects of Jewish law, ethics, customs, and history, offering diverse perspectives.

What the rabbis were called in the Gemara times.

In the era of the Gemara, rabbis were primarily referred to as Amoraim.

Rashi and the Rambam were Rishonim

Information about Rishonim: They were “leading rabbis and legal authorities who lived during the medieval period, from roughly the 11th to the 15th centuries”.

Why is Achronim important? It refers to the leading rabbis and legal scholars who lived from roughly the 16th century to the present, following the Rishonim.