Research Objectives

i) Aims to examine parental involvement in early childhood literacy development

ii) To identify specific parental activities that support children's literacy development

iii) To analyze the collaboration between schools and parents in fostering early childhood literacy development.

Method for Data Analysis

Qualitative; using interviews, structured observations, & field notes.

Thematic Analysis, or content analysis.

Teachers’ Perceptions.

Research Topic: Teaching and Learning with ICT Tools: Issues and Challenges from Teacher's Perceptions.

Research Objectives:

1. To identify school teachers’ perceptions in implementing ICT tools in teaching and learning in the classroom.

2. To determine the challenges of using ICT tools in teaching and learning in the classroom among school teachers.

3. To identify to what extent do teachers use ICT tools in teaching and learning in the classroom.

Method: Quantitative

(Cross sectional survey questionnaire and Inferential statistics (T-test)

Research Topic: Teaching and Learning with ICT Tools: Issues and Challenges from Teacher's Perceptions.

Research Objectives

1. To identify school teachers’ perceptions in implementing ICT tools in teaching and learning in the classroom.

2. To determine the challenges of using ICT tools in teaching and learning in the classroom among school teachers.

3. To identify to what extent do teachers use ICT tools in teaching and learning in the classroom.

Method: Quantitative

Research Topic: Teaching and Learning with ICT Tools: Issues and Challenges from Teacher's Perceptions.

Research Objectives:

1. To identify school teachers’ perceptions in implementing ICT tools in teaching and learning in the classroom.

2. To determine the challenges of using ICT tools in teaching and learning in the classroom among school teachers.

3. To identify to what extent do teachers use ICT tools in teaching and learning in the classroom.

Quantitative Method : Cross-sectional survey questionnaire and Inferential statistics

Research Objectives:

1. To identify school teachers’ perceptions in implementing ICT tools in teaching and learning in the classroom.

2. To determine the challenges of using ICT tools in teaching and learning in the classroom among school teachers.

3. To identify to what extent do teachers use ICT tools in teaching and learning in the classroom.

Method: (Quantitative) - Cross sectional survey questionnaire and Inferential statistics (t-test)

Research objective :

1.To explore the types, frequency, and perceived adequacy of training and professional experiences ECEs have received in managing challenging behaviors and supporting

children’s mental health.

2.To assess ECEs' perceived preparedness and confidence in supporting young children

with behavioral and mental health challenges in early childhood settings.

3.To examine ECEs' self-awareness, confidence, and behaviors related to identifying and managing their own mental health and well-being.

4.To identify the key workplace, personal, and systemic factors that contribute to stress,

burnout, and overall mental health among ECEs.

Method for data analysis : Mixed method

(descriptive statistic, frequency calculations and T-test)

It matters: Early childhood mental health, educator stress and burnout

Research objectives:

1. To explore the types, frequency, and perceived adequacy of training and professional experiences ECEs have received in managing challenging behaviors and supporting children’s mental health.

2. To assess ECEs' perceived preparedness and confidence in supporting young children with behavioral and mental health challenges in early childhood settings.

3. To examine ECEs' self-awareness, confidence, and behaviors related to identifying and managing their own mental health and well-being.

4. To identify the key workplace, personal, and systemic factors that contribute to stress, burnout, and overall mental health among ECEs.

Method for data analysis: Mixed

(descriptive analysis, T-tests and frequency calculations)

Research Objective:

i) Aims to examine parental involvement in early childhood literacy development

ii) To identify specific parental activities that support children's literacy development

iii) To analyze the collaboration between schools and parents in fostering early childhood literacy development

Method: Qualitative - by interview (one-on-one conversations to gain deep insight into parents thoughts/experiences), structured observation.

Analysis: Thematic Analysis, Content analysis

Research Objectives -

1. To identify key behavioural economic factors influencing undergraduate selection of higher education institutions

2. To evaluate the impact of heuristics and biases on the decision making process of students

Method for data analysis - Mixed methods (literature review, survey)

i)Aims to examine parental involvement in early childhood literacy development

ii)To identify specific parental activities that support children's literacy development

iii)To analyze the collaboration between schools and parents in fostering early childhood literacy development.

Research Questions:

1)What are the roles of parental involvement in early childhood literacy development?

2)What activities are done by parents to support children's literacy development?

3)What are the collaboration efforts between schools and parents in fostering early childhood literacy development?

Method Data Analysis- Qualitative. The data collected from the interviews. This method involves identifying,grouping and interpreting common matters from the participants answer.

Thematic analysis and content analysis

Objectives:

1. To identify key behavioural economic factors influencing undergraduate selection of higher education institutions.

2. To evaluate the impact of heuristics and biases on the decision-making process of students.

Mix methods: quantitative (online self-administrative questionnaire)and qualitative (literature review )

Research Objectives :

1- To examine the role of governance quality in influencing economic growth during timesof crisis.

2- To identify case studies of successful crisis management where strong governance led to economic growth and recovery, as well as examples where weak governance exacerbated the crisis.

Research Method : Quantitative method (correlation analysis, descriptive statistics and T-test)

objective:

I) To examine the role of governance quality in influencing economic growth during times of crisis

I) To Identify case studies of successful crisis management where strong governance led to economic growth and recovery as well as examples where weak governance

Method: quantitative

Research objectives:

1. To explore the types, frequency, and perceive adequacy of training and professional experience ECEs have received in managing challenging behaviour and supporting children’s mental health.

2. To assess ECEs perceived preparedness and confidence in supporting young children with behavioural and mental health challenges in early childhood settings.

3. To examine ECEs self-awareness, confidence and behaviour related to identifying and managing their own mental health and well-being.

4. To identify they key workplace, personal, and systemic factors that contribute to stress, burnout, and overall mental health among ECEs.

Method for Data Analysis

Mixed method (Descriptive statistics, Frequency calculations and T-test)

The research objectives :

i) Aims to examine parental involvement in early childhood literacy development

ii) To identify specific parental activities that support children's literacy development

iii) To analyze the collaboration between schools and parents in fostering early childhood literacy development

Method : Qualitative - interview and observation

Thematic analysis & content analysis

Economic Growth During Times of Crisis.

Research objectives:

1: To find out if the link between good governance and economic growth changes during an economic crisis.

2: To see how a country's development level (rich or poor) affects this link during a crisis.

3: To learn which parts of governance (like rule of law or control of corruption) matter most for growth in crisis times.

Method: Quantitative

Parental Involvement in Early Childhood Literacy Development:

This study aims to explore the role of parents in fostering literacy skills in young children during the early childhood years, specifically focusing on how different forms of parental involvement impact literacy outcomes. Parental engagement in reading, storytelling, and collaborative learning with children is considered crucial in shaping early literacy skills.

Research Objectives:

1. Examine Parental Involvement:
   

   • Investigate the extent to which parents participate in early childhood literacy activities, such as reading with their children, engaging in discussions about books, and fostering a literacy-rich environment at home.

     
     

2. Identify Specific Parental Activities:
   

   • Identify and categorize the types of activities parents engage in to support children’s literacy development. This could include activities like reading aloud, playing word games, visiting libraries, and encouraging writing practices.

     
     

3. Analyze Collaboration Between Schools and Parents:
   

   • Explore the nature of the relationship and communication between schools and parents. Investigate the role of teachers in encouraging parental involvement and how schools support and guide parents in fostering early literacy development.

     
     

4. Evaluate Impact on Literacy Outcomes:
   

   • Assess how different levels and types of parental involvement contribute to children’s literacy outcomes, such as vocabulary development, reading comprehension, and writing skills.

     
     

Research Questions:

• How does parental involvement influence the development of early literacy skills in children?

• What specific parental activities are most effective in supporting literacy development?

• To what extent do schools engage with parents to promote literacy activities at home?

Data Analysis Method:

Quantitative Method:

• Surveys: A structured survey will be distributed to a sample of parents of young children, asking about the types and frequency of literacy activities they engage in at home. This survey will include Likert-scale questions to measure attitudes toward literacy development, as well as closed-ended questions to gather demographic data.

• Literacy Assessment: Children will be assessed for their literacy skills through standardized tests measuring reading comprehension, vocabulary knowledge, and writing abilities. These results will be compared with the level of parental involvement to determine any correlations.

Qualitative Method:

• Interviews: In-depth interviews will be conducted with a subset of parents and teachers to gain qualitative insights into the nature of parental involvement and its perceived impact on children’s literacy. Interviews will focus on the types of activities parents engage in and their beliefs about the importance of early literacy.

• Observations: Classroom observations and home visits (with parental consent) may be used to observe the interactions between parents and children during literacy-related activities. This would provide a richer, contextual understanding of how parents support literacy development in daily life.

Mixed Methods Approach:

• Combining both quantitative data (survey results and literacy assessments) and qualitative data (interviews and observations) will allow for a comprehensive understanding of parental involvement in early childhood literacy development. Quantitative data will offer statistical insights into patterns of involvement and its impact on literacy skills, while qualitative data will provide deeper context and explanations behind those patterns.

Expected Contributions:

• The study aims to contribute to the understanding of how different forms of parental involvement shape early literacy outcomes, offering recommendations for effective practices that can be implemented by parents and schools.

• It will also inform educators and policymakers about the importance of fostering strong home-school partnerships to enhance early literacy development.

STUNTING (FROM CHILDHOOD TO ADULTHOOD)

TITLE OF PROJECT PAPER : PARENTAL AWARENESS AND PRACTICE ON

NUTRITION AMONG PRESCHOOL IN SELANGOR, MALAYSIA

-Quantitative

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

-To assess the knowledge level of parents regarding the causes and

consequences of nutritional stunting in early childhood.

-To establish the attitude and beliefs of parents regarding child nutrition

and development.

-To identify the parental nutritional behaviors that facilitate the

prevention of stunting in early childhood.

-To identify factors influencing parents' abilities to provide adequate

nutrition during the critical development period (first 1,000 days).

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

-What do parents know about the cause and long-term effects of early

childhood nutritional stunting?

-What do parents' perceptions and beliefs on children's growth and

nutrition like?

-What are practices in nutrition, which parents take to prevent their young

ones from stunting?

-What influences parents' ability to provide sufficient nutrition for a child

during the early childhood years?