Elephants and Ivory by Julie Millen https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610 en-us 2019-04-19 14:09:43 UTC 2019-05-13 15:53:29 UTC hello@padlet.com African Elephants jmillen https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352754223 Both genders grow tusks.
In Asian elephants, only males can grow tusks and not all of them do.

"African and Asian Elephant Facts." The Elephant Sanctuary in Tennessee, 19 April 2019, web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:19:22 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352754223 Citing jmillen https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352754777 Use this website to cite. Do not put the URL though. Just put web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:23:27 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352754777 Sunscreen 383074 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756204 Elephants have created their very own sunscreen! After a river or swamp bath, they’ll throw mud and sand up and over themselves to protect their skin from the hot, burning sun.

"10 Top Elephant Facts! | Animals.” National Geographic Kids, 19 Apr. 2019, web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:34:46 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756204 The Ivory 4085972 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756219 Tens of thousands of elephants are being killed across Africa each year for their tusks.

The Born Free Foundation , 19 April 2019 web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:34:53 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756219 Trade Worth 68432 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756565 The Ivory trade is estimated to be worth $1 billion dollars a year
"The Round Staff June 4. “6 Shocking Facts About The Ivory Trade.” The Round, 4 June 2018, web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:37:05 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756565 50400221 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756635 Geographic, National. “10 Top Elephant Facts! | Animals.” National Geographic Kids, 17 Aug. 2018, www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/animals/general-animals/elephant-facts/.

Elephants are the world’s largest land animal! Male African elephants can reach 3m tall and weigh between 4,000 -7,500kg. Asian elephants are slightly smaller, reaching 2.7m tall and weighing 3,000– 6,000kg. They are known for their large ears, tusks made of ivory and their trunks – which are actually a fusion of their nose and upper lip.

]]> 2019-04-19 14:37:40 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756635 Ivory Trade 383074 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756697 In the black market, ivory tusks are sold at a rate that starts at $1,500. Even though the sale of ivory has been banned in many countries, elephants are still hunted down and killed for it.

Suresh, Susmitha. “World Elephant Day: Facts About Ivory And Tusks.” International Business Times, 19 Apr. 2019, web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:38:02 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756697 elephant behavior 33661 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756747 elephants brain react the same way human brains react when they see puppies, meaning that they think people are cute.

https://www.unilad.co.uk/featured/elephants-think-humans-are-cute-just-like-we-think-puppies-are/]]> 2019-04-19 14:38:32 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756747 Commercial uses of ivory include the manufacture of piano and organ keys, billiard balls, handles, and minor objects of decorative value. In modern industry, ivory is used in the manufacture of electrical appliances, including specialized electrical equipment for airplanes and radar. 64057 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756785
https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/ecology/zoology/general/ivory/uses-of-ivory]]> 2019-04-19 14:38:45 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756785 ivory trade 33661 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756832 ivory trade is an estimated 264 million dollar industry, with 1 ton of it being worth 1.8 million dollars on the black market.

Ivory Black Market Threatens the African Elephant

https://www.victoriafalls-guide.net/ivory-black-market-threatens-the-african-elephant.html

]]> 2019-04-19 14:39:04 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756832 521452 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756869 the ivory trade is causing the number of elephants in the world to decrease, as many elephants are illegally killed by poachers for their ivory tusks.

“Elephants and the Ivory Trade: The Crisis in Africa - CBBC Newsround.” BBC News, BBC, April 19 2019,]]> 2019-04-19 14:39:19 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756869 In Mount Elgon National Park in Kenya, a group of elephants use their tusks to mine for salt in underground caves! They feel their way around with their trunks and eat the salts by breaking them off with their tusks. 50400221 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756982 Geographic, National. “10 Top Elephant Facts! | Animals.” National Geographic Kids, 17 Aug. 2018, www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/animals/general-animals/elephant-facts/.]]> 2019-04-19 14:40:06 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352756982 Elephant Ivory 35984 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757035 Elephants are herbivorous and can be found in different habitats including savannahs, forests, deserts, and marshes. They prefer to stay near water. They are considered to be a keystone species due to their impact on their environments. Other animals tend to keep their distance from elephants while predators, such as lions, tigers, hyenas, and any wild dogs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant#Behaviour_and_life_history]]> 2019-04-19 14:40:38 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757035 50400221 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757078 Geographic, National. “10 Top Elephant Facts! | Animals.” National Geographic Kids, 17 Aug. 2018, www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/animals/general-animals/elephant-facts/.

All that eating means one thing, gang, an awful lot of poo! Each elephant creates about one tonne of poo per week, which keeps the soil fertile and disperses tree seeds. Elephants also dig waterholes and create footpaths, literally changing the landscape around them!

]]> 2019-04-19 14:40:53 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757078 Ivory poaching for tusks is the main reason that elephants have been so heavily hunted. Elephant ivory has been used in huge amounts to make billiards balls, piano keys, identification chops and many other items for human enjoyment. 64057 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757085 www.eleaid.com/elephant-information/elephant-tusks/]]> 2019-04-19 14:40:57 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757085 Tusks 389204 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757123
You can tell a lot about an elephant by looking at their tusks! Elephant tusks never stop growing, so enormous tusks can be a sign of an old elephant. Both male and female African elephants grow tusks, but only male Asian elephants grow them. A tusk-less adult elephant is likely to be a female Asian elephant.

“10 Top Elephant Facts! | Animals.” National Geographic Kids, 17 Aug. 2018, www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/animals/general-animals/elephant-facts/

]]> 2019-04-19 14:41:11 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757123 African elephants have large ears shaped like the continent of Africa! Asian elephants’ ears are smaller and shaped like India 521452 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757228
“10 Top Elephant Facts! | Animals.” National Geographic Kids, 17 Aug. 2018, ]]> 2019-04-19 14:41:59 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757228 Elephant Tusks 383074 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757258 Elephants use their tusks for a variety of tasks. Principally, they are formidable weapons against potential predators like the tiger (although tigers will only ever attack young or juvenile elephants) or in battle against other elephants. They are also used to aid foraging, digging, stripping bark and moving things out of the way; trained logging elephants are capable of lifting large logs with their tusks. There is also a display element to tusks and they can attract the interest of females.

“Elephant Tusks - Elephant Facts and Information.” EleAid, 19 Apr. 2019, web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:42:15 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757258 59520 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757259 1/3 of the tusk is actually embedded deep inside the elephant's head.

"Elephant Tusks." Ivory Tusks - A Blessing and a Curse, 19 April 2019, web.

]]> 2019-04-19 14:42:15 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757259 35984 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757277 2019-04-19 14:42:24 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757277 Ivory Prices 341525 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757317 At its peak in 2014 wholesale prices for raw ivory stood at $2,100 (1,900 euros) per kilogramme in Chinese markets, but by 2017 the price had fallen to$730 per kilogramme, according to the report by two ivory trade experts, Lucy Vigne and Esmond Martin.

staff, Science X. “Hope for Elephants as Ivory Prices Fall: Conservation Group.” Phys.org, Phys.org, 29 Mar. 2017, phys.org/news/2017-03-elephants-ivory-prices-fall-group.html.]]> 2019-04-19 14:42:46 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757317 importance of ivory, in retrospective of the poachers. 64057 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757339 Prior to the introduction of plastics, ivory had many ornamental and practical uses, mainly because of the white color it presents when processed. ... Ivory can be taken from dead animals – however, most ivory came from elephants that were killed for their tusks.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory

]]> 2019-04-19 14:42:55 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757339 Pricing 30301102 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757421 The price for raw ivory in China was $2,100 per kilogram
"staff, Science X. “Hope for Elephants as Ivory Prices Fall: Conservation Group.” Phys.org, Phys.org, 29 Mar. 2017, phys.org/news/2017-03-elephants-ivory-prices-fall-group.html."]]> 2019-04-19 14:43:32 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757421 35984 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757432 Elephants typically lasts around two years with interbirth intervals usually lasting four to five years. Births tend to take place during the wet season.^[139] Calves are born 85 cm (33 in) tall and weigh around 120 kg (260 lb)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant#Behaviour_and_life_history]]> 2019-04-19 14:43:34 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757432 African Elep 4085972 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757439 An adult elephant can eat up to 300 pounds of vegetation a day.

African Elephant Facts/Southern Africa Wildlife Guide,19 April 2019 web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:43:37 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757439 2014 68432 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757452 In one week, Togo security officials seized nearly four tons of ivory at the nations main port.
"“Elephant Poaching.” Havocscope Black Market, 19 Apr. 2019, web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:43:42 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757452 Asian Elephants tommytran32704 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757568 About 50% of Asian females have short tusks known as tushes – which have no pulp inside.

“Elephant Tusks - Elephant Facts and Information.” EleAid, 2019, www.eleaid.com/elephant-information/elephant-tusks/.]]> 2019-04-19 14:44:35 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757568 elephants dying 21101010 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757611 About a century ago there was around 5 million elephants in Africa now there is only less than 5 hundred thousand. Savannah elephants have been dying out by 30 percent from 2007 to 2014 and forest elephants have been dying out by 60 percent from 2002 to 2011.
“The Ivory Trade.” Born Free, www.bornfree.org.uk/ivory-trade.]]> 2019-04-19 14:44:57 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757611 Threats to African Elephants. 587178 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757744 Tens of thousands of elephants are being killed every year for their ivory tusks. The ivory is often carved into ornaments and jewellery – China is the biggest consumer market for such products.

"Forest elephant killed by poachers for tusks," Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Central African Republic .

]]> 2019-04-19 14:45:54 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757744 Born without tusk 4368421 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757835 Baby elephants are being born without tusk at an increasing rate. This is natural selection doing its work. If people don't stop hunting, elephant will eventual stop having tusks

"Under poaching pressure, elephants are evolving to lose their tusks." National Geographic Society, 19 April. 2019, web.

]]> 2019-04-19 14:46:34 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757835 Commercial uses of ivory include the manufacture of piano and organ keys, billiard balls, handles, and minor objects of decorative value. In modern industry, ivory is used in the manufacture of electrical appliances, including specialized electrical equipment for airplanes and radar. 521452 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757840
“Ivory: Uses of Ivory.” Infoplease, Infoplease, April 19 2019]]> 2019-04-19 14:46:36 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757840 The Ivory 35984 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757904 The poaching of elephants for their ivory, meat and hides has been one of the major threats to their existence.^[170] Historically, numerous cultures made ornaments and other works of art from elephant ivory, and its use rivalled that of gold.^[172] The ivory trade contributed to the African elephant population decline in the late 20th century.^[165] This prompted international bans on ivory imports, starting with the United States in June 1989, and followed by bans in other North American countries, western European countries, and Japan.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant#Behaviour_and_life_history]]> 2019-04-19 14:47:10 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352757904 59520 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758048 In Japan, ivory must be registered before a sale. Owners don't need to provide proof of how, when, and where the elephant tusk was acquired. Because of this, even if the ivory was obtained after the ivory trade ban, tusks can easily slip into Japan's legal market.

"Japan's Legal Ivory Markets Are Fueling the International Ivory Trade." African Wildlife Foundation, 19 April 2019, web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:48:08 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758048 Salt 389204 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758108 2019-04-19 14:48:30 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758108 ELEPHANTS & IVORY 52345 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758146 2019-04-19 14:48:40 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758146 ELEPHANTS & IVORY 52345 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758391 Despite a ban on the international trade in ivory, African elephants are still being poached in large numbers. Tens of thousands of elephants are being killed every year for their ivory tusks. The ivory is often carved into ornaments and jewellery – China is the biggest consumer market for such products. (WWF)
“Threats to African Elephants.” WWF, wwf.panda.org/knowledge_hub/endangered_species/elephants/african_elephants/afelephants_threats/.]]> 2019-04-19 14:49:43 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758391 Protecting Elephant 4085972 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758396 They help to shape the landscape. When they trample through forests and undergrowth, they create clearings, making space for new plants and trees to grow.
They also help to spread seeds, which may be too big for smaller animals or the wind to carry. Seeds are left on the ground in elephant dung and they can then grow into new plants in new places.

Elephant and the Ivory trade: The crisis in Africa -CBBC Newsround,19 April 2019 web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:49:47 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758396 rhino ivory 33661 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758788 2019-04-19 14:52:07 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758788 Trunks tommytran32704 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758827 Elephants have more than 100,000 muscles in the trunk making it very flexible and strong enough to lift trees.

“Elephant Facts.” The Elephant Sanctuary, www.elephants.com/about-elephants.

]]> 2019-04-19 14:52:22 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352758827 China's ban 30301102 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759040 China finally banned the Ivory trade in 2018.
“China's Ban on Ivory Trade Comes into Force.” BBC News, BBC, 1 Jan. 2018, www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-42532017.]]> 2019-04-19 14:53:56 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759040 Ivory Trade 587178 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759150 It takes a whole elephant to make a little ivory.

"Elephant ivroy trade" ... © 1986 Panda Symbol WWF]]> 2019-04-19 14:54:42 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759150 Ivory 416511 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759242 Elephant ivory has been used in huge amounts to make billiards balls, piano keys, identification chops and many other items for human enjoyment.

“Elephant Tusks - Elephant Facts and Information.” EleAid 19,
Apr. 2019, web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:55:17 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759242 Social Structure tommytran32704 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759243 All elephants are herd animals with very definite social structure. Herds are led by a matriarch, usually the oldest female, and are made up of daughters, sisters and their offspring. Male elephants stay with the herd through adolescence and then move away as they grow older.

]]> 2019-04-19 14:55:17 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759243 Tusk use 341525 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759476 Elephant tusks evolved from teeth, giving the species an evolutionary advantage. They serve a variety of purposes: digging, lifting objects, gathering food, stripping bark from trees to eat, and defense. The tusks also protect the trunk—another valuable tool for drinking, breathing, and eating, among other uses.

“What Is Ivory and Why Does It Belong on Elephants?” WWF, World Wildlife Fund, www.worldwildlife.org/stories/what-is-ivory-and-why-does-it-belong-on-elephants.

]]> 2019-04-19 14:56:32 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759476 Tracking poachers 68432 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759480 The dna recovered from ivory can lead back to the elephants homeland and allow authorities to track down poachers in that stat]]> 2019-04-19 14:56:34 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759480 389204 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759545 Three elephant species exist today: the African bush elephant aka African savannah elephant (Loxodonta africana) and African forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) and the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). While the two African elephants are closely related, the Asian elephant is quite distinct.

“Kids' Games, Animals, Photos, Stories, and More -- National Geographic Kids.” Kids' Games, Animals, Photos, Stories, and More -- National Geographic Kids, web]]> 2019-04-19 14:56:52 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759545 intent for the ivory ban 21101010 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759772 Some countries have attempted to restrict commercial domestic trade to older ivory items variously described as ‘antiques’ or ‘relics’ and, depending on jurisdiction, predating 1974, 1947 or being over 100 years old.
"Ivory-trade" bornfree, 19 Apr. 2019, web.]]> 2019-04-19 14:58:12 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759772 Elephant Ivory 587178 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759859 Ivory fetched prices as much as $1,500 per pound due to demand in Asia, where elephant tusks are ornately carved into art.

"Elephant Ivory" © 2019 World Wildlife Fund]]> 2019-04-19 14:58:36 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759859 21101010 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759878 2019-04-19 14:58:45 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352759878 Types of Elephants There are numerous types of elephants found in Africa and Asia, with three distinct species and at least three subspecies. The African Bush Elephant (a.k.a. African Savanna Elephant) is the largest of them all: It’s actually the largest living terrestrial animal on the planet. 3505081 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352760020 Facts about elephants: green global travel, April 19 2019]]> 2019-04-19 14:59:40 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352760020 Ivory Coast 4368421 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352760208 The popularity of ivory exploitation has determine the name of a Western African nation to be called "Ivory Coast".

"Ivory Coast." Wikipedia, 19 April 2019 ]]> 2019-04-19 15:00:58 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352760208 52345 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352760501 "Decades of poaching and overhunting of large tusked elephants may be leading to generations of elephants with smaller tusks—or no tusks at all" (AWF )
“Going Tuskless.” African Wildlife Foundation, 4 Feb. 2015, www.awf.org/blog/going-tuskless.]]> 2019-04-19 15:02:37 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352760501 Medicinal Properties 4368421 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352761009 In China, ivory is believed to have healing properties and are used to treat convulsion, remove toxicity, promote tissues regeneration, etc.

" 象牙." Traditional Chinese Medicine Wiki, 19 April. 2019, web. ]]> 2019-04-19 15:05:27 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352761009 Ivory 416511 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352761440 Diamonds, like ivory, are a natural substance with little inherent value but prized social significance. Desire in richer lands tumbles poorer societies into resource wars and labor abuse. And certainly the modern dynamics are the same. But demand for ivory is something demand for diamonds is not: ancient.

"What Is It About an Elephant's Tusks That Make Them So Valuable?" The Atlantic 19, Apr. 2019, web.]]> 2019-04-19 15:07:49 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352761440 elephant habitat loss 21101010 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352761562 As human populations expand, more land is being converted to agriculture. So elephant habitat is shrinking and becoming more fragmented, and people and elephants are increasingly coming into contact - and conflict - with each other.
"]]> 2019-04-19 15:08:32 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352761562 Elephant Emotions 3505081 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352762017 Elephants grieve when one of their herd dies. Due to the way their brains are structured, elephants display some remarkably human like emotions, showing sadness and grief and mourning the loss of family members long after they have passed on.
Facts about elephants: Green Global Travel, April 19 2019]]> 2019-04-19 15:10:54 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352762017 59520 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352762035 2011 broke the record for the amount of illegal ivory seized worldwide, at 38.8 tons which is equivalent to about 4000 dead elephants.

"What is it About an Elephant's Tusks That Makes Them So Valuable." The Atlantic, 19 April 2019, web.]]> 2019-04-19 15:10:59 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352762035 Ivory Threats on Elephants 3505081 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352763599 The diminishing number of elephants, to a large extent the result of wholesale slaughter for tusks, and the resulting increased cost of ivory have encouraged the making of imitations and the use of natural substitutes. One strategy for controlling the slaughter of elephants for their ivory is to permit a regulated trade that would reduce poaching and provide profit to Africans, but not deplete the elephant population.

Plants and Animals; Encyclopedia, April 19 2019]]> 2019-04-19 15:20:21 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352763599 Ivory drdrake358520 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352764019 A single pound of ivory can sell for $1,500, and tusks can weigh 250 pounds.

Chen, Angela. “Poaching Is on the Rise - Most Illegal Ivory Comes from Recently Killed Elephants.” The Verge, The Verge, 7 Nov. 2016, www.theverge.com/2016/11/7/13527858/illegal-ivory-elephant-radiocarbon-dating-poaching-stockpile.]]> 2019-04-19 15:23:06 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352764019 Modern uses 30301102 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352764169 Ivory is used to manufacture electrical appliances including specialized electrical equipment and airplane radar.
"staff, Science X. “Hope for Elephants as Ivory Prices Fall: Conservation Group.” Phys.org, Phys.org, 29 Mar. 2017, phys.org/news/2017-03-elephants-ivory-prices-fall-group.html.]]> 2019-04-19 15:24:04 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352764169 Hong Kong 341525 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352764355 Kong—a major market for elephant ivory—will end sales of the “white gold” by the end of 2021.

“Good News for Elephants: Major Ivory Market Will Close.” National Geographic, National Geographic Society, 31 Jan. 2018, news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/01/wildlife-watch-hong-kong-elephant-ivory-illegal-trade/.]]> 2019-04-19 15:25:26 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352764355 Threats to ELephants 3505081 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352764387 The diminishing number of elephants, to a large extent the result of wholesale slaughter for tusks, and the resulting increased cost of ivory have encouraged the making of imitations and the use of natural substitutes. One strategy for controlling the slaughter of elephants for their ivory is to permit a regulated trade that would reduce poaching and provide profit to Africans, but not deplete the elephant population.

Plants and Elephants: Encyclopedia, April 19 2109]]> 2019-04-19 15:25:38 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352764387 Ivory Ban 416511 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352764619 African elephants declined in massive numbers in the 1970s and 1980s because of poaching for the illegal ivory trade. So the international trade was banned by CITES in 1989. Some elephant populations have begun to recover, but poaching continues to be a problem in many areas.

"Elephant Ivory." WWF 19 Apr. 2019, web

]]> 2019-04-19 15:27:17 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352764619 Ivory Trade 601921 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352765026 "African and Arab slave traders traveled inland from the coast, purchased or hunted down large numbers of slaves and ivory, and then forced the slaves to carry the ivory as they marched down to the coast. Once they reached the coast, the traders sold both the slaves and the ivory for hefty profits."

Thompsell, Angela. “Does Legitimate Ivory Trade Encourage Poaching in Africa?” ThoughtCo, ThoughtCo, 28 July 2018, www.thoughtco.com/ivory-trade-in-africa-43350.]]> 2019-04-19 15:29:45 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352765026 Enslavement of Villagers 601921 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352766452 "Villagers were forcibly rounded up into camps, often with great loss of life—as witnessed by Livingstone on his visit—and then ransomed by their relatives, who were sent out on hazardous elephant-trapping expeditions."

Birmingham, David. “Central Africa.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 25 Jan. 2010, www.britannica.com/place/central-Africa/Exploitation-of-ivory.]]> 2019-04-19 15:38:08 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352766452 Effects on Elephants 601921 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352768761

]]> 2019-04-19 15:51:47 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352768761 Poaching Elephants https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352770331 Between 1979 and 1989, the worldwide demand for ivory caused elephant populations to decline to dangerously low levels. During this time period, poachings fueled by ivory sales cut Africa’s elephant population in half.
SoCal, PBS. “Elephants of Africa.” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, 5 Dec. 2014, www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/elephants-africa-poaching-problem/11367/.]]> 2019-04-19 16:01:41 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352770331 Poaching Elephants 601921 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352770914 Between 1979 and 1989, the worldwide demand for ivory caused elephant populations to decline to dangerously low levels. During this time period, poachings fueled by ivory sales cut Africa’s elephant population in half.
SoCal, PBS. “Elephants of Africa.” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, 5 Dec. 2014, www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/elephants-africa-poaching-problem/11367/.]]> 2019-04-19 16:06:27 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/352770914 Continental Tuskless Trend 434652 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/353222360 This tuskless trend isn’t limited to Mozambique, either. Other countries with a history of substantial ivory poaching also see similar shifts among female survivors and their daughters. In South Africa, the effect has been particularly extreme—fully 98 percent of the 174 females in Addo Elephant National Park were reportedly tuskless in the early 2000s.

Guyton, Jen, and Jen Guyton. “Elephants Are Evolving to Lose Their Tusks.” National Geographic, 9 Nov. 2018, web.

]]> 2019-04-23 02:01:02 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/353222360 Original Colonialism Era Poaching 434652 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/353223000 In 1900, the new European colonial states enacted game preservation laws that forbid most Africans from hunting. Subsequently, most forms of African hunting, including hunting for food, were officially deemed poaching. Commercial poaching was an issue in these years and a threat to animal populations, but it was not at the crisis levels seen in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.

Thompsell, Angela. “History of Hunting in Africa and How the Practice of Poaching Started.” ThoughtCo, ThoughtCo, 18 Feb. 2019, web.]]> 2019-04-23 02:05:19 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/353223000 Motives for Recent Poaching 434652 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/353223885
In the early 2000s, Asian demand for ivory began to rise steeply, and poaching in Africa rose again to crisis levels. The Congo Conflict also created a perfect environment for poachers, and elephants and rhinoceroses began to be killed at dangerous levels again.
Even more worryingly, militant extremist groups like Al-Shabaab began poaching to fund their terrorism.

Thompsell, Angela. “History of Hunting in Africa and How the Practice of Poaching Started.” ThoughtCo, ThoughtCo, 18 Feb. 2019, web.]]> 2019-04-23 02:11:54 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/353223885 Motives for Recent Poaching 434652 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/353225044
In the early 2000s, Asian demand for ivory began to rise steeply, and poaching in Africa rose again to crisis levels. The Congo Conflict also created a perfect environment for poachers, and elephants and rhinoceroses began to be killed at dangerous levels again. Even more worryingly, militant extremist groups like Al-Shabaab began poaching to fund their terrorism.

Thompsell, Angela. “History of Hunting in Africa and How the Practice of Poaching Started.” ThoughtCo, ThoughtCo, 18 Feb. 2019, web.

]]> 2019-04-23 02:19:11 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/353225044 Ivory drdrake358520 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/359541903 in 2018 china banned ivory trade.]]> 2019-05-13 15:51:19 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/359541903 Ivory drdrake358520 https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/359542661 The Ivory trade is causing a great decrease in elephant population.]]> 2019-05-13 15:52:52 UTC https://padlet.com/jmillen/kz8wgexi0610/wish/359542661