1. The challenges of money

2. The benefits oh e-money

3. The development of e-money and impacts on social life.

4. E- money as a life style

Thesis :

In digital era, more and more people rarely exercise because of their works. This kind of lifestyle will make the body unfit and vulnerable to disease. even though sport plays an important role in maintaining the body's health. There are many kinds of sports that can be done to maintain a healthy body.

Arguments :

By exercising regularly will improve physical health, increase muscle strength, and lighten daily physical activity. so it will make it easier for us to carry out activities so that we do not get tired easily. There are many examples of simple exercise that can be done every day easily. Like walking around a complex that can train the strength of the legs and the work of the heart.

In addition to having an impact on physical health, exercise also has an impact on mental health. Exercise will make the mind relieved or the term is to refresh the things that fill the brain. Scientific research shows that exercising can be beneficial for many hormones, especially endorphin hormones or happiness hormones. Endorphin hormone works by reducing pain and providing additional energy to the body. This can make our body comfortable.

Reiteration :

It can be interpreted that exercise is very important for both physical and mental health. By exercising regularly will make the work of organs and hormones better. Even though it's just a simple exercise and not long, it still has a good impact on the body. It's better than not exercising

The Benefits of Fiber

Thesis:

Fiber is a vital component of a healthy diet that offers many benefits to the body. It is a type of carbohydrate found in plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, and nuts that the body cannot fully digest.

Although fiber doesn't give us direct energy like other nutrients, it has its own unique way to enhance our overall health.

Arguments:

Firstly, fiber plays a key role in enhancing digestive health. There are two types of fiber: soluble and insoluble, and both are beneficial in different ways. Soluble fiber dissolves in water and forms a gel-like substance that slows down digestion, helping the body absorb more nutrients. This helps prevents conditions like diarrhea and enhances nutrient uptake. On the other hand, insoluble fiber adds bulk to stools and helps food move faster through the digestive system, which prevents constipation. Without sufficient fiber, people may experience issues like irregular intestine movements, bloating, and digestive discomfort.

Secondly, fiber can be an essential tool for weight management. High-fiber foods tend to be more filling, which helps reduce overeating by increasing a feeling of fullness with fewer calories. By slowing down digestion, fiber helps stabilize blood sugar levels, reducing sudden spikes and crashes in glucose that can trigger hunger. As a result, people who consume more fiber are likely to maintain a healthier weight and lower their risk of obesity-related conditions, such as heart disease and type 2 diabetes.

Lastly, fiber is linked to the prevention of chronic diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease. Soluble fiber, in particular, helps reduce cholesterol levels by binding to cholesterol particles in the digestive system and removing them from the body before they can enter the bloodstream. Lower cholesterol levels reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, a condition where arteries narrow due to plaque buildup, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes. Additionally, fiber may play a role in reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by improving the body's sensitivity to insulin.

Reiteration:

In conclusion, fiber has many important benefits for the body. It enhances digestive health, helps in weight management, and helps prevent chronic conditions such as heart disease and diabetes. A balanced diet that includes an adequate amount of fiber is essential for maintaining a healthy and active lifestyle.

The Influence of Fatherless on Children

Thesis:

Children are a blissful gift from God to the parents in the world. The role of mothers and fathers is very important in a child's growth and development. However, it is not uncommon for parents to unconsciously neglect their children, especially the presence of a father figure, which can potentially impact the child's development.

Arguments:

Firstly, the active presence of a father, both physically and emotionally, provides a strong foundation for the healthy and complete development of the child. Physically, fathers are often perceived as protective and nurturing figures, providing a sense of security and protection for their children. Fathers frequently show their affection through actions that foster feelings of love and care in their children. However, research has revealed that instances of child abuse by fathers are not uncommon. However, in some cases, the child was subjected to physical violence for seemingly trivial reasons. This has a profound impact on the child's psychological development that potentially leading to the emergence of deep-seated resentment towards their father.

Secondly, fathers who are emotionally involved can assist children in developing emotional stability at an early age. Unfortunately, it is frequently observed that the role of fathers in children's emotional intelligence appears to be insignificant. The emotional resilience of children who are mentored from an early age by their fathers makes them less vulnerable to stress. The emotional bonding between father and child can be facilitated by sharing each other's stories, thereby establishing a two-way communication between the two parties. Based on the conversation they did, a father will be able to provide guidance and support to his children wisely if his children is encounter any difficulties. This mitigates the potential for the child to view the father with prestige and vice versa, by that means preventing miscommunication between them.

Lastly, it is also important to note that fathers play a significant role in the social development of their children. A father's demeanor may exhibit qualities that a mother does not possess, such as a more loving and emotional. Fathers tend to communicate in a straightforward and assertive manner. Furthermore, fathers use actions as a form of non-verbal communication for their children, which can facilitate the child's understanding and responsiveness to non-verbal communication. Fathers usually speak in a logical mode of discourse, whereas mothers tend to prioritize emotional expression. This facilitates the development of disciplined behavior and effective problem-solving abilities in children, enabling them to make wise decisions independently.

Reiteration:

Children are a divine gift from God and both parents play vital roles in their development. However, a father’s presence is often underestimated, impacting a child’s growth. A father’s physical and emotional presence provides security and love, though abusive behavior can deeply harm a child's psychological well-being. Emotionally involved fathers help children develop resilience, offering guidance through open communication, which fosters mutual respect and prevents misunderstandings. Fathers also contribute to social development by teaching discipline, problem-solving, and understanding non-verbal cues. Their distinct influence helps children navigate life with confidence and wisdom.

Thesis:

Cybersecurity has become a critical practice in today's digital era, where more and more activities are moving to cyberspace, including business, finance, and communications. The goal is to protect networks and data from the threats that are increasingly complex. Cyberattacks such as ransomware, phishing, and data breaches target large companies, small businesses, government institutions, and individuals. Studies from Comparitech show that more than 800,000 people experience cyberattacks every year. An example is the ransomware attack on Colonial Pipeline in 2021, which resulted in the shutdown of operations of the largest fuel pipeline network in the US and triggered an energy crisis. Therefore, the importance of cyber security cannot be ignored, as risks such as personal data theft are increasingly real and threaten individual security and economic stability.

Arguments:

Cyber​attacks not only affect individuals but also have a significant impact on the economy. Firstly, direct financial losses often result from ransomware attacks, where victims must pay to restore access to their devices or stolen data. Phishing attacks aimed at defrauding individuals or companies also cause huge losses. Second, Indirect losses include reduced productivity due to systems having to be temporarily stopped for repairs, as well as reduced public trust in systems that are considered to not have proper protection. This can make users worry that their personal data is at risk of being hacked.

Privacy and security of personal data are also major issues threatened by cyberattacks. Data leaks occur when systems fail to provide sufficient protection, allowing personal data to be misused for fraud. Lack of supervision over personal data can also be exploited by irresponsible parties, such as the case in the United States, where citizens' personal data was hacked to manipulate election results. In addition, threats to private life, such as doxing (the distribution of personal data to the public) can have legal consequences if not immediately addressed or managed properly.

As cyberattacks evolve, more complicated security innovations become an urgent need. Technological developments, including the use of artificial intelligence (AI) by hackers, make cyber threats increasingly difficult to combat. Without keeping up with the latest technological developments, cyber security teams, both national and international, will have difficulty preventing these attacks. Therefore, rapid innovation and prevention are urgently needed to deal with this growing threat.

Reiteration:

Cyberattacks have a huge impact, especially on the economy, with direct losses such as ransomware payments and phishing scams, as well as indirect losses in the form of reduced productivity and loss of public trust. Personal data privacy is also threatened, either through data leaks that are used for fraud or weak supervision, such as in the case of election manipulation in the United States. In addition, the evolution of threats using AI technology demands more sophisticated security innovations to be able to keep up with technological developments and fight increasingly complex attacks.

Thesis the use of electric cars is becoming an increasingly common way to reduce air pollution. But do fossil fuel cars have a lower environmental impact than electric cars?

The first when driven, electric cars do not emit any exhaust gases. This means that this does not worsen air pollution in big cities, so it has a good impact on the health and air quality of the general public. Additionally, clean and sustainable electricity can be used to charge electric vehicles due to the increasing number of renewable energy sources.

Second compared to fossil fuel cars, electric vehicles are more energy efficient. Because electric machines are much more efficient at converting electrical energy into mechanical power, they use less energy overall. This shows that despite the energy required to produce electric vehicle batteries, the overall carbon impact

Conclusion although there are some disadvantages to electric vehicles, such as the need for natural resources for battery production and intermittent charging infrastructure, the advantages of electric vehicles over fossil fuel vehicles in terms of lower air pollution and greater energy efficiency make them a viable option more ecologically responsible.

Thesis

Early childhood moral education plays an important role in a child's development. This provides a foundation for future learning and contributes to their overall growth and success. Moral education is an important foundation in developing character and instilling strong moral values in children from an early age.

This is very important because children can cultivate the value of responsibility and ethics in daily life. The early years of a child's life, commonly referred to as the "golden age", are crucial in shaping their cognitive, emotional, and social development. During this period, children find it easiest to learn something, making it an ideal time to introduce moral education. Therefore, it is important to understand the benefits of early moral education and support its implementation.

Arguments

First, the golden age, typically from birth to around 6 or 7 years old, is a time when the brain develops rapidly. This period offers an opportunity for parents, educators, and society to influence children's behavior and mindset. During these years, children begin to learn the difference between right and wrong through their experiences and interactions. Introducing moral education at this stage ensures that ethical principles such as honesty, empathy, respect, and kindness are deeply embedded in their personalities.

Second, moral education during the golden age helps foster social and emotional skills that are necessary for healthy relationships. Children who are taught to respect others, share, and show empathy from an early age are more likely to develop positive relationships with their peers. This not only benefits them in their personal lives, but also contributes to a more harmonious society as they grow into adults.

Furthermore, early moral education helps prevent children from committing crimes when they are in society later in life. Studies have shown that children who lack moral guidance during their formative years are more likely to engage in antisocial behavior, such as dishonesty, aggression, and disrespect for existing rules or policies. By instilling clear explanations of right and wrong from an early age, children are more likely to think critically and make more objective decisions throughout their lives.

Reiteration/ Conclusion

In conclusion, moral education from an early age is very necessary in building good and quality human beings. The golden age provides the perfect opportunity to foster moral values, as well as to form responsible adults. By implementing moral education early on, we ensure that our children have a better future.

The Importance of Having Breakfast

Thesis :

Breakfast is food eaten in the morning. Breakfast time starts from 06.00 to 10.00 am. Getting used to having a nutritious and timely breakfast is important, especially for school aged children. The reason is because there are many benefits and goodness for us who make it a habit to eat breakfast even though we are busy in the morning. Here are some reasons why breakfast is important.

Arguments :

One of the benefits of breakfast is as a source of energy. Like a car, we also need "fuel" to restore energy after a long night's sleep and cause the stomach to become empty. Breakfast is an energy source that keeps the brain fresh, thus creating a good mood. On the other hand, being hungry makes the brain tired and affects the mood when studying or doing activities, making you lethargic or easily emotional. There's nothing worse than constantly feeling hungry and counting the minutes until lunch time. Breakfast in the morning not only gives us energy until lunch time, but also gives our brain essential energy to function and focus better on tasks, so we can concentrate better.

Breakfast will also control our appetite. If we don't eat breakfast, we tend to snack throughout the morning, which can pile up unhealthy calories. Stay away from overly processed snacks with added sugar, so if you feel like snacking, eat a few pieces of fruit.

Reiteration :

The reasons above, namely to help us restore energy after a long night's sleep, to make the brain fresher and more concentrated, are just a few reasons why breakfast is important for our body.

The importance of reducing sugar consumption to prevent diabetes

Thesis :

currently diabetes is very common in society, high number of cases of death and complications due to diabetes is a serious problem that must be addressed. Diabetes is a chronic diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels. One of the main causes of the increasing number of diabetes sufferers is excessive sugar consumption. Therefore, it is important for us to reduce the risk of developing diabetes.

Argument :

Research show that excessive sugar consumption can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Excess sugar in the body will increase blood sugar levels, trigger insulin resistance, and interfere with the body's ability to regulate glucose. When the body can no longer regulate sugar properly, the risk of developing diabetes becomes greater.

Many people don't realize that sugar is not only found in sweet food, but also in everyday food that are considered healthy such as cereal, sauces, and packaged drinks, in snack, soda drink, fruit that are high in sugar, even in rice. However, not all food contain high sugar so its okay if we consume them in appropriate quantities such as fruit, rice, wheat, sweet potatoes and others. This causes sugar consumption to accidentally be higher then imagined. Reducing consumption natural of processed food and choosing natural ingredients can help reduce sugar intake.

Diabetes not only impacts blood sugar levels, but can also causes serious complications such as nerve damage, hearth problem, kidney failure, and even amputation. Diabetes can also come from hereditary diseases of parents, usually this disease will attack up to 3 generation or more. For that reason, for families who are at risk of having offspring diabetes, to prevent increased blood sugar levels by reducing consumption from early age, we can reduce the risk of developing diabetes these complication and maintain a better quality of life.

Reiteration / conclusion :

Reducing sugar consumption is very important for preventing diabetes and maintaining overall health. Apart from reducing sugar consumption, we should also exercise regularly, which is a wise step to improve the quality of life and better health in the future

𝓉𝒽𝑒𝓈𝒾𝓈 :

Sugar can be the main source of energy, it can also make things that can help the formation of substance needed by the body. The glucose we consume can also be from various basic ingredients that are prevalent in our country. But there are also negative impacts on health, so we need to limit our daily consumption. Especially with the circulation of sweet foods and drinks that we encounter a lot at this time.

𝒶𝓇𝑔𝓊𝓂𝑒𝓃𝓉𝓈 :

In today's world, sugar is found in many food stores. It makes for intersting food and drinks ideas, but can be toxic due to the amount of sugar in the food and drink. This leads to over consumption of sugar and can lead to serious illnesses. For the example, some children today already suffering from type 2 diabetes, which is usually caused by excessive sugar consumption. Not only that, there are many more diseasses caused by excessive sugar consumption, such as obesity, high blood sugar,damaged dental health, and many more. Awareness of the long-term effects of excessive sugar consumption must be increased in society in order to choose healthy toods. Especially in this day and age that has been rampant selling sweet foods and drinks that contain high sugar, there are also many packaged drinks that attract the attention of young children to buy it. All of these things can be toxic to our bodies, if we cannot limit the consumption of excessive sugar.

𝓇𝑒𝒾𝓉𝑒𝓇𝒶𝓉𝒾o𝓃 :

Considering the risks involved in consuming excessive sugar, it is important that we limit our lifestyle to a healthty one that is free from excessive sugar consumption. In addition, educating the surronding community to raise awareness and creaate healthy lifestyle habits and stay away from excessive sugar consumption, because there are many risks that cause our metabolism to decline for a long time.

Thesis :

In this era, many technologies have been developed to be more modern, for example vape or e-cigarettes. Who now does not know about this vape. Today's teenagers use vape as a substitute for cigarettes, because it is easier to use, there are many flavor variants than ordinary cigarettes, and there are more various designs of the vape. Without realizing the dangers and impacts of vape can harm yourself and others.

Arguments :

The first use of vape can cause the user to become nicotine dependent, where nicotine can stimulate the hormone dopamine and can create a lifelong addiction effect.

The second is damage to the lungs
Chemicals and harmful particle content of vape particles can create inflammation in the user's lungs and can damage the cell tissue inside.

The third is the danger to the baby
Not only the impact on the user, Vape can also interfere with the growth of the fetus which has the impact of not playing the game, namely the baby at birth is at risk of having birth defects.

Reiteration :

Therefore, the use of vape should begin to be avoided and if you are addicted, you should reduce use periodically. So that the health of our bodies and others can avoid the impact of the impact that I described earlier. Prevent before treating - avoid before dying

Analysis of the Influence of Social Media on Adolescent Behavior

Thesis :

Social media has now become an important part of adolescent life, and its impact can be seen from two sides, some are positive such as building social connections, and some are negative, namely related to mental health. On the one hand, the platform provides an opportunity to interact and learn from others. However, on the other hand, social media can also worsen existing mental health problems.

Argument :

The first is the positive impact of social media. Expanding Social Connections Through social media platforms. For example, Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter, teenagers can connect with friends and people from all over the world. This interaction not only helps them build stronger relationships but also allows them to share experiences and ideas. Many teenagers find supportive communities on social media, which makes them feel more accepted, especially for those who feel isolated in their physical environment. In addition, social media is also a means of self-expression, where teenagers can share interests and talents, thereby strengthening a sense of identity and togetherness.

The second is the Negative Impact on Mental Health. On the other hand, excessive use of social media can also have a negative impact on adolescent mental health. Research shows that teens who are active on social media tend to experience higher levels of anxiety and depression. This is often due to unhealthy social comparison, where teens feel pressured to meet unrealistic standards set by others. Additionally, the cyberbullying that often occurs on these platforms can make matters worse, causing deep shame and stigma among victims. The reliance on praise and positive comments on social media can also make teens feel worthless and less confident when they don’t get the attention they expect.

Conclusion :

Overall, social media has a lot of influence on teen behavior. While it can be a powerful media tool for expanding social connections and building community, its negative impact on mental health cannot be ignored. Therefore, it is important for parents, educators, and teens themselves to be aware of and manage their social media use wisely, to maximize its benefits while minimizing its risks. In today’s increasingly connected world, balancing online and offline interactions is key to creating a healthy environment for teen development.

THESIS

Smoking is leading cause of premature death in today's era. Exposure to tobacco smoke causes high mortality rates. There were a total of 3.23 million deaths in 2019 with smoking as the main cause. The death rate among smokers are about three times hinger than among people who’ve never smoked.

ARGUMENTS

Smoking is a fun activity for many people in the world. Cigarettes that contain nicotine have an addictive effect on smokers. Nicotine is the main drug responsible for this tobacco product, namely cigarettes. The amount of nicotine that enters the body of an active smoker is determined by the capacity of daily consumption. Nicotine is absorbed by the bloodstream through the lining of the mouth and lungs, then moves to the brain in seconds.

So smokers tend to make smoking an obligation, even though this is the main factor that causes other harmful substances from cigarettes to enter the body in large quantities. As a result, various new problems arise that are dangerous for the body.

Smoking has a negative effect on almost all organs and organ systems in the human body. Initially, smoking only reduces a person's overall health. However, serious health problems will arise over time, such as lung cancer, esophagus, larynx, mouth, throat, kidney, bladder, liver, pancreas, stomach, cervix, acute myeloid leukemia and many more.

There are many acute respiratory diseases caused by smoking that are difficult to cure, one of the most popular is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In addition, smoking causes inflammation and disrupts the immune system's function which ultimately becomes the body's main enemy and a good friend of death.

REITERATION

Behind the pleasant addictive taste of cigarettes, cigarettes are a dangerous enemy for the body. Although small in size, cigarettes have a profound negative impact on the health of the body. The longer a smoker's duration of smoking, the greater their likelihood of experiencing harm from smoking , including earlier death.

Revealing The Values ​​Contained in The One Piece Anime

Thesis:

One Piece is one of the Japanese anime that must be watched. Many people know this legendary anime, because it is famous for its more than 1000 episodes, One Piece was released in 1997 and its 1071st new episode aired on August 6, 2023. Apart from being famous for the legendary nature of this anime, One Piece is also famous because it contains main themes about deep life values, such as friendship, courage, justice, and never giving up. These values ​​are communicated through complex characters and their journey as pirates by sailing all the seas in all corners of the country. This makes One Piece an anime that provides valuable life lessons for its audience.

Argument:

One of the most prominent themes of One Piece is the importance of friendship. The group of pirates led by Straw Hat Luffy, not only support each other in battle but they are always together in every problem their pirate members have. Luffy has several crew members, namely Roronoa Zoro, Nami, Usopp, Sanji, Chopper, Franky, Brook, and Jinbe. Each of them has their own dreams and they also have the courage to achieve their goals. Like Luffy who wants to become a generous Pirate King, he dares to fight other powerful pirates and defeat the strongest pirate in the world because of limiting power. One Piece teaches that success does not come easily, but must go through hard and long struggle.

In general, from the layman's point of view, pirate anime is violent and there are many things that are best not to watch. It's true, but if you take the positive side of One Piece, this anime teaches you to always uphold justice and morality. Many of the enemies faced by Luffy and his friends commit injustice and allow it in the real world, such as slavery, corruption, fraud, and so on. This teaches the audience to fight for truth and justice, even if they have to go against bigger currents. The characters in One Piece are often under great stress, both physically and emotionally, but they always get back up. Gives a life lesson to the audience that in every problem you have, you have to keep getting up and fighting.

Reiteration:

Through an epic story and characters full of conflict and resolution of that conflict. One Piece succeeds in conveying many life values ​​that are relevant to the real world. The values ​​contained in One Piece can provide many lessons and inspiring stories. One Piece not only entertains audiences of all ages, but also provides insight into a better way to live.

The Challenges and Benefits of Full-day School

Thesis

Full-day school is an educational concept in which students spend a lot of time in school, from morning to evening. In addition to taking lesson, students also get more time for extracurricular activites and additional guidance. Full-day schools are expected to improve the quality of education and overcome various social problem. However, nothing is perfect in this world, just like a full-day school that has its advantage and challenges.

Arguments

The main reason for implementing full-day school is to improve students academics. With longer learning time, students have more opportunities to understand the subject matter in depth. In addition to focusing on the academic aspect, full-day school also provide opportunities for students holistic development. Extracurricular activites such as sports, art, music, and social activites are an important part of educating students as a whole. Through these activites, students can develop social, emotional, and physical skills that are expected to be useful in daily life.

The second reason is for parents who work, full-day school offer the best solutions regarding childcare problems. With children in school all day, parents no longer need to worry because school is a safe place where children can learn and develop optimally, while parents can focus on their work.

On the other hand, one of the biggest concerns related to full-day school is the potential for burnout in students. As long schedule can make students feel tired, this can result in a decrease in concetration and motivation to learn which can ultimately affect student grades. Therefore, it is important for schools to design a balanced schedule between studying, resting, and physical activity so that student do not get too saturated and tired.

Another challenge is that some students may feel that the time at home gather with family is reduced. Full-day school can also limit the time students spend partipating in activites outside of school, such as tutoring or skills courses.

In addition to students, full-day schools also add to the burden on teachers. Teaching throughout the day requires extra energy and effective strategies to keep students motivated. School infrastructure also needs to be considered in the implementation of ull-day schools. Facilities such as classrooms, libraries, and canteen must be adequate to support student activites throughout the day.

Reiteration

Full-day school provides many benefits, especially in academis improvement and character development of student. In addition to providing solutions for working parents, full-day school can aldo create a more holistic learning environment. However, there are challenges that need to be overcome, including the potential for student burnout, the increased burden on teacher, and the need for adequate infrastructure. Therefore, the success of full-day school depends heavily on how school and governments design a balanced system an how students can overcome each challenge by dividing their time as best as possible.

Tesis

English Learning is considered an important need in the age of globalization. Many methods are used to improve language skills, one of which is through music. Music is the language of the world that anyone can enjoy without having to understand its meaning. The use of music in the English Learning process is not only enjoyable but also considered to be effective in learning vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation.

Arguments

One of the key benefits of learning English using music is its ability to improve memory. The lyrics of a song, with catchy rhythms and melodies, help to memorize new words and phrases more quickly. A recurring melody creates a connection between sound and the meaning of words, which can make it easier to remember a new vocabulary life. it is possible to learn English in a less boring way. In the regard, music serves as a bridge connecting language learning to positive emotional experience.

One of the challenges of learning English is correct pronunciation. Music, with lyrics sung by native speakers, gives a vivid example of how those words are spoken correctly, including intonation and accent. By song, it can listen to and imitate the way native speakers speak, thus assisting in developing a more accurate pronunciation ability.

Using music can also increase motivation. Music is a fun form of entertainment, and many people feel more involved and motivated to learn when music is part of the learning process. Interesting songs and appropriate to each other's interests can make learning more enjoyable and interactive without feeling depressed or overwhelmed, for they often do not realize that they are learning when listening to or singing English songs.

Reiteration

Learning English to use music is an effective method, particularly in improving memory of vocabulary, pronunciation, and intonation. Music can also increase motivation in the learning process. But to ensure effectiveness in applying this method, it is important for teachers to select songs that correspond to the level of competence and consider individual learning preferences. With the right approach, music can be a powerful tool in English learning.

Thesis :

I believe that staying up late to study is not the best study system. Unfortunately, many people believe that staying up late to study is the best. However, i think this way of studying is not healthy for the body and mind. Studiying at 3 AM is better than staying up late to study. Staying up late makes your mind tired and can affect your body's organ system at night.

Argument 1 :

Studying at night and staying up late can make it difficult for your brain to focus. Because, until morning until evening you are busy with activities. Star ting form school, tutoring, to group work. All of that is certainly very draining on energy and mind.

Argument 2 :

If explored further, especially from a medical perspective, repeating learning at dawn, early in the morning, around 3 AM, or when you just woke up will be more effective. At night the body has time to rest. That's where the organ system is actively working and getting rid of the toxins in our body. When you study in the early morning or at 3 AM, you can open the window or go outside to breathe fresh air first to relax your brain. Thus your mood will be happier and the learning process will be smoother.

Reiteration or Conclusion :

Studying in the morning will be more effective and focused. Your brain is more relaxed and fresh to receive information (learning). So you will easily understand the material you are studiying.

Thesis

Social media has become a part of everyday life among teenagers. With easy access to information and interaction, social media offers various platforms for teens to express themselves, communicate and build relationships with others. However, this also brings both positive and negative impacts. On the one hand, social media can increase connectivity and creativity, but on the other hand, it can lead to mental health issues and less direct social interaction.

Arguments

One of the positive impacts of social media is increased connectivity among teenagers. Platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter allow teens to connect with peers share content, and follow the latest trends based on common interests. This not only expands their social network, but also provides an opportunity to express themselves creatively and create space freely. Many teens use social media to share their artwork, writing, and thoughts, which can boost their confidence and communication skills.

The "FOMO" (Fear of Missing Out) phenomenon makes teenagers feel anxious if they don't follow viral activities or trends. On the other hand, the negative impact of social media on adolescents' mental health is that excessive use of social media can cause feelings of anxiety, depression, especially when adolescents get misinformation and unhealthy content can affect the way adolescents think and behave.

For example, beauty standards that are often promoted on social media can lead to body image problems and low self-confidence among teenagers, they compare themselves to tiktok standards. dependence on social media can reduce in-person social interactions. They may prefer to communicate online rather than face-to-face, which may hinder their ability to build healthy relationships in the real world.

Reiteration

Social media among teenagers has an impact that includes both positive and negative aspects. It is important for teens and parents, to create a balance, staying vigilant in the use of social media. Promote healthy and responsible social media use. Parents can oversee positive social media use by providing support that can help teens express their experiences in the digital world. This will make teens use social media wisely and pay attention to their mental health.

Why Digital Literacy Skills are Important for Student?

Thesis :

Along with the times, technology is always used to find information and help solve problems in life. Problem solving using technology requires good digital literacy skills. Digital literacy is the skill needed to understand and use digital technology. It involves critical thinking and the ability to navigate the online environment. The importance of digital literacy becomes more evident as technology becomes more ingrained in our daily lives. The ability to effectively utilize technology is now seen as essential for modern progress and success, particularly in social interaction, entertainment, education, and professional life. Digital literacy skills are essential for everyone, especially students. What makes digital literacy skills important for students?

Arguments :

One of the first reasons why digital literacy skills are important is because of the increasing use of technology in education. Students who have good digital literacy skills can solve their problems easily using technology. Students who have digital literacy skills can focus on the material instead of being slowed down or distracted by technology inability. The way students learn can improve their understanding and be more effective.

The second reason is that digital literacy also teaches digital responsibility, which is the ability to consume and communicate information ethically online. The increased reliance on technology leads students to face challenges such as copyright and plagiarism, cyberbullying, checking information resources, and interacting responsibly with others. Digital literacy skills help students master their ability to understand and effectively address these challenges, making them more responsible.

The last, while technology is constantly evolving, digital literacy can equip students to handle various types of technology now and in the future. As an example, learning basic concepts like input/output, operating applications, recognizing hardware and how to use it, and other related matters. Students are able to provide basic knowledge that can be utilized in new and emerging technologies.

Reiteration :

In conclusion, the use of technology has increased over time and has become part of human life. This technology can be maximized by having digital literacy skills from an early age, especially in students.  This ability is important to have because it can help solve problems easily and can improve one's critical thinking.

Why We Shouldn’t Skip Breakfast?

Thesis :

Breakfast is often referred to as the most important meal of the day. However, many people skip it because they are busy, lack appetite, and are not used to eating in the morning. This habit can be bad for your health. Skipping breakfast can affect the rest of the day. Therefore, we must know the importance of breakfast for our health.

Arguments :

Firstly, breakfast is important because it gives you the energy you need to start the day. After a night's sleep when we don't eat and drink, the body needs energy to start the metabolism. Breakfast provides nutrients that are essential for the body to get through the day. Nutritionists show that individuals who eat breakfast are more probably to fulfill their daily nutritional needs.

Secondly, having a daily breakfast can contribute to better metabolic health. A healthy breakfast helps keep glucose levels stable, which is very important for overall health. When people skip breakfast, they tend to overeat during the day. This can lead to unhealthy snacking and increased calorie consumption. A nutritious breakfast can help regulate appetite and prevent overeating, which can help in weight control.

The last reason why breakfast is important for the body is that skipping breakfast will negatively affect cognitive function. Research shows that children and adults who eat breakfast perform better at school and work. Breakfast improves concentration, memory, and overall brain function. Without breakfast, one can experience fatigue and difficulty focusing, which can hinder productivity and learning.

Reiteration :

Skipping breakfast can lead to a variety of negative consequences, including unfulfilled nutrient intake, impaired cognitive function, bad weight management, and adverse metabolic effects. To optimize health and well-being, it is important to prioritize breakfast as an important part of the daily routine. By making time for this meal, individuals can improve their performance throughout the day.

Effectiveness of Online Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Thesis:

Since the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, online education has become the primary solution to ensure the continuity of the learning process. Students are encouraged to continue learning from home to minimize the rate of Covid-19 sufferers. The shift from face-to-face education to online learning has brought about various impact that are worth analyzing in terms of its effectiveness. Although online education offers flexibility, ease of access, and innovation in teaching methods, there are several challenges that must be considered.

Arguments:

One of the main advantages of online education is its flexibility. For some students, especially those with good independent learning abilities, this flexibility is very supportive. Students can access learning materials anytime and from everywhere, allowing them to study at their own pace and according to their own schedules. Moreover, online platforms provide a variety of interactive learning tools, such as videos, quizzes, and discussion forums which can enhance students engagement and support more personalized learning.

For teachers, this transition brings about major changes in the way they teach and interact with students. One of the main advantages of online learning for teachers is the flexibility in delivering materials. With digital platforms, teachers can create more varied learning content, such us videos, interactive presentations, and online quizzes. This technology allows teachers to reach students at any time, provide additional materials, and assess assignments more efficiently. In the long run, online learning can also save time because many materials can be prepared and reused for different classes.

Reiteration:

Online education has advantages in terms of flexibility and innovation, but its effectiveness is highly dependent on access to technology and the methods used. For online education to be an effective long-term solution, steps are needed to address the digital divide and ensure better interaction between students and teachers. Therefore, online learning is an effective solution for learning at home to break the chain of spread of Covid-19. Good collaboration between teachers, students, parents and the school is determining factor to make online learning more effective.

Cigarette smoke contains over 7,000 chemicals, including nicotine, carbon monoxide, tar, and benzene. It is also understood that smoking is a significant health and environmental risk.

Argumen 1 : It is estimated that approximately half of all smokers die as a result of their habit, with approximately eight million deaths per year globally attributed to smoking. Smoking-related mortality represents the largest preventable cause of death globally. The continued prevalence of cigarette use represents a significant public health concern.

Argument 2 : In addition to the detrimental impact on human health, scientific evidence indicates that smoking also results in significant environmental damage. The environmental impact of the production and consumption of tobacco for cigarettes has not been the subject of extensive investigation. However, there is a substantial body of evidence indicating that the tobacco industry exerts a considerable influence on the natural resources and vulnerable ecosystems of our planet. Each stage in the tobacco production chain has a negative impact on the environment. These include deforestation, the use of fossil fuels and the discharge or leakage of waste products into the natural environment.

Argument 3 : In addition to the millions of users who die annually from tobacco use, the industry is responsible for the deaths of 600 million trees, 200,000 hectares of land, 22 billion tons of water, and 84 million tons of CO2. The detrimental effects of smoking are manifold. Cigarette waste can contaminate terrestrial, marine, and aquatic ecosystems. Additionally, cigarette butts can be transported by stormwater into drainage systems, rivers, beaches, and oceans, leading to the accumulation of these discarded items in these environments.

The chemical composition of cigarette butts can result in the contamination of water sources and the adverse impact on wildlife. Cigarette filters are manufactured from cellulose acetate, a synthetic polymer that does not undergo natural decomposition. The degradation of cigarette filters is a lengthy process, taking between 18 months and 10 years. As a result, the decomposition of these filters is a challenging endeavour.

The practice of smoking has been identified as a contributing factor to the depletion of water resources, fossil fuels, and the phenomenon of climate change. Additionally, cigarettes have been linked to an increased risk of fire, particularly when butts are discarded carelessly, which can result in the ignition of forest fires. Furthermore, the adverse effects of smoking extend beyond human health, with potential implications for animal and child welfare. Cigarette butts, including those discarded haphazardly, have been observed to possess toxic properties that can harm animals and children if ingested. Additionally, these butts can gain access to the nests of birds and other animals, leading to their demise.

Conclusion/Reiteration: It is incumbent upon the government to take greater action to prevent this, including ensuring and monitoring the responsibility of the tobacco industry for the waste they produce and enforcing all guidelines and best practices regarding the disposal of waste from tobacco products such as cigarettes. Furthermore, governments may be able to set product and packaging standards that reduce the amount of waste, trash, and harmful chemicals from these tobacco products. It is conceivable that tobacco companies could establish recycling programmes and other options for the proper disposal of cigarette waste. In addition to government action, it is important for individuals to be aware of the potential harms of cigarette consumption and to avoid or exercise caution when consuming cigarettes. It would be preferable for individuals to refrain from smoking, as this could not only save lives but also contribute to environmental protection.

What do you think reading means? According to a large dictionary of Indonesia (KBBI) is to see and understand the content of what is witten. It is also understood to mean spelling or or reciting what is written, speaking, knowing or predicting, and calculating or understanding. Reading is a hobby and can be taken in various places (while it is convenient for the reader). But unfortunately in our beloved county Indonesia has very little interest in reading.

Argument

According to UNESCO Indonesia ranks second among the world's literation issues. Indonesia ranks 600 of the world's 61 countries. A survey conducted by the statistical central body (BPS) in 2020 revealed that only about 10% of Indonesia's are actively reading the book. Whereas reading is the addition of the science given to the person who created it. Among other factors, Indonesia has become a country of low interest in reading:

First, for lack of interest in reading, interest is defined as liking and being attracted to something. Whereas reading has many benefits, such as improving brain activity, increasing knowledge, and sharpening memory. Therefore, with a lack of interest in reading, the brain does little

to understand a problem.

Second, facilities Inadequate, facilities inadequate is another reason is due to sufficient facilities and infrastructure. Of course, the facility can affect the ability to read. The facilities are less adequate as such as no air conditioner, no new addition to newly published new books, etc.

third, the quality of education, in different regions has different quality levels of different and uneven differentness. Therefore, the environment that is taught in school correctly.

Reiteration

Conclusion to increase the interest of readers in Indonesia, such solutions such as providing supporting facilities and infrastructure, providing education on the importance of literacy, implement effective literacy activities so that attract people to read interests. Read the one we should get used to get knowledgeable benefit to do everyday activities, giving the science to others and adds insight to the brain.

THE DANGER OF THE SUGAR

Thesis :

Sugar is one of the carbohydrates that is the body's main energy substrate. In general, sugar can be found in sugar cane trees which are then processed into granulated sugar. Sugar is necessary for the body because it has many benefits, one of which is that it can provide energy to us. However, we also need to control the consumption of sugar every day. Because sugar can also cause addiction, it can cause harmful effects on the body.

Argument :

When sugar is consumed in excess, it can lead to a variety of diseases such as the risk of heart disease, obesity, diabetes. Obesity has become an international concern as it is an urgent global health problem. As sugar has a high energy value and doesn't provide essential nutrients to the body, excessive sugar consumption is associated with the risk of obesity. In addition to obesity, evcessive sugar consumption can lead to insulin resistance, increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

In this increasingly advanced world, it's now filled with sugary foods and drinks such as soft drinks, dessert, and ready meals that contain sugar. Sugar is also added to foods products to enhance flavor or extend shelf life. Awareness of the dangers of excessive sugar consumption is declining. This is not a good thing, as it's important to be aware of the daily sugar comsumption limit of 50 gram/day or the equivalent of 4 tablespoon.

The thing that might influence the overconsumption off added sugar are psychological factors. People under stress fell the need to eat food and drink sweet or fatty beverages. Because they think that something sweet can make them feel better. In addition, there are environmental factors such as being attracted to buy when there are sales promotions for foods and drinks high in sugar.

Reiteration :

However, we can start to control ourselves from comsuming sugary foods and drinks to often. By starting to look for alternative dessert that are low sugar, such as fresh fruit, yogurt, or low-fat milk. In addition, to estimate the sugar content, we can pay attention to the nutrition information label on the package and adopt a healty lifestyle.

One of the identities of school children is the uniform. Starting from kindergarten to high school, we always wear uniforms to study at school. There are not many countries that require school students to wear uniforms. However, Indonesia has a different system. Every student must wear a uniform to study at school. Of course with some strong reasons about it.

Arguments:

The first reason is to foster discipline. School uniforms typically include attributes like ties, belts, socks, hats, etc. By ensuring these items are worn correctly and consistently, schools can help students develop a sense of discipline.

The second reason is that uniforms represent a school's identity. Each school, regardless of its level or institution, has distinct uniforms. These differences help distinguish students from various schools, which can be advantageous during events like competitions.

The third reason is avoiding social gaps. By using uniforms, all students will look the same and equal because there is no difference in the way of dressing between people who cannot afford. This will also have a positive impact because no one will feel inferior just because of clothes at school.

The last reason is it creates a sense of comfort when learning. It can be seen that the uniform model in Indonesia is very simple, which will create a sense of comfort when learning.

Reiteration:

The requirement to wear school uniforms offers several benefits for students, parents, and schools alike. Uniforms promote discipline, serve as a form of school identity, reduce social inequalities, and enhance comfort during learning. Therefore, it is advisable for all schools to implement mandatory uniform policies.

THE IMPORTANCE OF SPORTS FOR TEENAGERS

Thesis

Sports plays an important role in adolescent development, both physically and mentally. In a modern era that tends to make lifestyles more passive due to technology, exercise is a very important activity that cannot be ignored. Sport has many benefits that greatly support the overall well-being of adolesccent.

Arguments

Firstly, exercise improves physical health. Regular exercise, such as running, swimming, basketball, soccer or other team sports can help teens maintain an ideal body weight, improve cardiovascular fitness, and strengthen muscles can also boost the immune system, making teenagers more restintant to disease. In the long run, this goes a long way towards preventing lifestyle-related disease such a obesity, dabetes, and heart probelms.

Secondly, exercise can improve mental health. Regular physical activity can help imprve mood, and reduce stress, anxiety and depression. For teenagers who often face pressure from school, friendships and the challenges of puberty, exercise is a good way to manage the emotions. Exercising often can also build self-confidence and improve self-esteem, especially when teenagers achieve goals, develop skills and experience personal growth.

Lastly, regular exercise can also help improve social health. Exercise provides opportunities to connect with others and build social relationships, which can be a fun activity, whether it's playing a team sport, or joining a fitness center. It can provide a sense of belonging and social support, which can be especially important for teenagers who may be navigating new social environmentsor facing peer pressure.

Reiteration

Sports plays a very important role in supporting adolescents well-being from various aspect, including physical, mental and social. Not only does sport help adolescents maintain a healthy body, prevent disease and improve physical fitness, but it also plays a role in improving mood, reducing stress and boosting self-confidence. Furthermore, through social interaction in team or group sports, adolescent can also build positive social relationships, which are important for social development and overall well-being. In this modern era, sports should be an integral part of a teenager's lifestyle.

The Impact of Technology in Improving The Quality of Education

Thesis

In this digital era, technology has become part of every aspect of life, including educational life. Technology has a significant influence by creating more interactive learning methods. Flexibility and ease of access are one of the advantages of technology in this digital era. However, the implementation of technology can also have a big impact so that it must be overcome so that the benefits of technology can be used optimally.

Arguments

One of the most impact is the ease of access to information and learning resources. Previously, teacher and students could only rely on printed books, but now with the internet many learning resources can be used as e-book, videos, scientific journals, and online courses. The unlimited learning platform can allow student to learn anytime and anywhere without having to leaving home which makes student gain richer knowledge not only form local materials. It is very helpful for those who have limited access to formal education.

Technology has also introduced interactive and interesting learning methods through animated videos, simulations, and educational games. These methods help students understand difficult concepts in an easier and more enjoyable way.

In addition, many platforms can facilitate interaction between students and teachers, such as Google Classroom and Microsoft Teams. These platforms can be used as a more affective communication tool in the learning process, where materials can be tailored to the abilities and needs of each student through analyzing their learning data.

However, despite the many benefits it offers, the implementations of technology in education also has a number of challenges. One of them is the disparity in access to technology in developing countries or in residential areas. Not a few students cannot access devices such as computers and unstable internet, this can lead to inequality in learning opportunities.

The success of the implementation will depend on the ability of teachers and students to use the technology. So it is not only students who learn, teachers also need training in digital literacy so that technology can be untilized efectively.

Reiteration

Technology has very significant impact in improving the quality of education. Wider access to information, flexibility in learning, and more interactive methods are some of the main advantages that technology has. However, challenges such as access gaps and the need digital training for teachers must also be addressed so that technology can be utilized optimally and equitably. In the right way, technology can be an important catalyst in creating a more inclusive and quality education system.

Thesis

It's a small thing but many adolescent girls take it for granted. Adolescent girls are one of the groups that are prone to anemia, which can adversely affect their health. We call them blood supplement tablets, even though such a small tablet can provide us as teenagers with various benefits, especially teenage girls, because of its iron-rich content.

Argumentation

1. Preventing anemia, low iron intake is one of the most common causes. This iron deficiency can occur in various factors, one of which is the insufficient intake of red meat, beans, green vegetables. On the other hand, adolescent girls experience the menstrual phase every month and lose a lot of blood every month, this can cause adolescents to faint easily, weaken and often experience abdominal pain due to menstruation.

2. Next is B12 and folic acid deficiency, the condition when adolescents lack B12 and folic acid their bodies will be very deficient in red blood cells. These two nutrients are needed because B12 and folic acid play an important role in the production of red blood cells.

3. Preventing fetal disability and bleeding awaits, by taking blood supplement tablets as recommended can prevent these concerns such as during pregnancy the growth and development of the fetus is not perfect. Due to the need for iron during adolescence has been fulfilled. Therefore, every adolescent girl is recommended to take blood tablets 48 times a year and it is recommended to take 1 tablet every week. When taking blood tablets, do not be accompanied by drinks that can inhibit the absorption of iron, such as tea, coffee, milk, it would be better to drink with water and eat lots of vitamin C fruit to accelerate the absorption of iron.

Conclution

Blood supplement tablets, although small and often overlooked by adolescent girls, play a very important role in maintaining their health. Regular consumption of blood supplement tablets helps prevent anemia caused by deficiencies in iron, B12 and folic acid, all of which play an important role in the production of red blood cells. In addition, by ensuring that iron needs are met since adolescence, it can reduce the risk of fetal disability and complications during pregnancy in the future. Therefore, every adolescent girl is encouraged to regularly take blood supplement tablets as recommended, along with the right consumption pattern to maximize iron absorption.

Thesis

Sexual violence has become a hot-button issue in Indonesia, with many news featuring it. It is certainly a main focus in social issues. Indonesia is in an emergency of sexual violence, because of the high numbers of victims, especially women, who are targeted in these cases. Indonesia has high cases of sexual harassment, so it has become a special concern for the community and the government. Unfortunately, the existing laws are still low and the environment, both place and society, is still not supportive to prevent sexual violence against women.

Argument

Firstly cause of the emergence of sexual violence is due to the minimum education on gender equality. Indonesian society still holds a patriarchal ideology, where men are seen as the dominant or leader of all. Because of this understanding, women are treated as weaker than men. Women are always the main target as a cause of sexual violence, for example in cases, women are blamed for the way they dress and behave so that they are the main trigger of sexual violence. This is what causes gender inequality in society.

Secondly is that victims do not feel protected from the aftereffects of sexual violence. Weak laws in place lead to a lack of attention to the welfare of victims. Many victims are silent and reluctant to report what they have experienced. Victims also experience injustice and fear the stigma given by society. The legal process of sexual violence is often slow to handle, so that perpetrators of sexual violence can escape the appropriate punishment. Whereas the existence of laws that are strictly enforced and the existence of legal bodies for the protection of children and women are there to protect victims.

The last is the lack of proper services to help victims. Victims often do not receive psychological and medical assistance after the incident. This is because of the agency's limited resources, resulting in low capacity to accommodate reports and personnel to deal with victims. This makes many victims unwilling to pursue legal action and desperate to defend themselves as victims of sexual violence.

Conclusion

Indonesia is currently facing a crisis of sexual violence against women, which requires special attention in handling. The government should pay more attention to this very concerning case, and strengthen regulations regarding laws in real legal protection for victims. Apart from the government, the community also needs to be educated on how important it is to care for and protect victims of sexual violence. We must provide a form of support about women's rights and create a safe and fair environment for women.

Freeing Children From the Shackles of Expectations.

Thesis:

Overly strict parenting is often driven by parents' high expectations. Excessive control, rigid rules, and lack of emotional warmth can hinder a child's emotional, social, and academic development.

Arguments:

The first one, excessive parental control can cause children to experience emotional distress.

High expectations and rigid rules that are not accompanied by full support from parents can create a stressful environment for children. They will feel fear of failure and find it difficult to relax, which in turn can trigger anxiety and depression.

Second, excessive parental control can cause obstacles to the child's development. Children who are constantly compared by others or unrealistic standards will make them feel like they are never good enough and feel like their efforts are never seen. This can make them insecure about their abilities and discourage them from trying new things.

Third, excessive parental control can reduce children's independence. Children will find it difficult to make their own decisions and depend on their parents for everything. Not only that, it can make it difficult for children to find a way out to solve their problems.

Fourth, excessive parental control can make it difficult for children to socialize. Children who are not given enough opportunities to interact with their peers may find it difficult to build healthy social relationships and may become awkward or insecure in their interactions with others.

And the last one is, parental control can have an impact on academic achievement. Ironically, the pressure for high achievement that is often put on children can actually hinder their academic performance. Excessive anxiety and stress can interfere with concentration and learning ability.

Reiteration:

Parents' expectations of their children are normal. However, when those expectations are too high and rigid, it can have a negative impact on a child's development. Children need space to grow, learn and make mistakes. By providing enough freedom and the right support, parents can help their children reach their full potential. Freeing children from the shackles of expectations does not mean leaving them without direction. Instead, it means creating a safe and supportive environment where children can grow into independent, confident, and happy individuals. As parents, we need to tailor our approach to the individual needs of each child and learn to accept our children for who they are and celebrate their successes no matter how small.

Smoking: A Stick of Temporary Happiness in Your Hand

Thesis:

Smoking is an act of inhaling and exhaling the fumes of burning plant. There are varieties of plant that is used for smoking, but the commonly used is tobacco. The tobacco leaves are then dried, mixed with chemicals, and finally rolled into a stick of cigarette. The chemicals added make the cigarette burn slowly, helping the person smoking to absorb nicotine, and additional flavors that make the smoke less harsh. Once a person is used to nicotine, when they are not smoking for a moment, they may feel nervous and stressed. Smoking is more than physical addiction. Smoking creates a temporary problem and offers an instant solution, just one puff of cigarette never hurts yourself and anyone, or is it?

Arguments:

Cigarette smoke is 95% gases like carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen, oxygen, and water vapor. The remaining 5% are particles called tar, the compounds that filled with nicotine. When a person inhales a smoke of cigarette, the particles interact with everything on their way; tongue, throat, trachea, and eventually lungs. The lungs have a filter and barrier; the cilia cells that covered with a layer of mucus. The particles paralyzes the cilia, allowing them to get deeper into the lungs: the alveoli. Finally, the particles passes through the thin alveoli wall and enters the bloodstream, reaching the brain so fast that the effect arrives right away. Then, the brain starts to release loads of hormones, like epinephrine and cortisol that makes the heart beat faster, and dopamine that makes the body feel happy and relaxed. Nicotine excites and calms at the same time. But after time, the brain will immediately tries to return to the normal state and pushes back against the effects of nicotine. Once its effects wear off, the body is left overcompensating and creating an imbalance within itself. The more a person smokes, the harder their body tries to pushes back which is why nicotine is so addictive: they stop feeling like themself without it. They need to smoke just to feel normal.

The chemicals from a cigarette can also cause damages to the body. For example, carbon monoxide could reduces how much oxygen the blood cells can carry. Tar could also clogs cilia cells in the lungs that can make it struggle to push mucus and some of it can even die. The alveoli are sensitive to the stress and can pop like balloons that causes irreparable damage. After some smoking, the person body needs to get rid of all the tar immediately. Goblet cells pumps out extra mucus to compensate, which makes breathing harder, so the person will start coughing to get the tar and mucus out. The immune system activates and macrophages begin eating up the tar particles. Smokers have way more of these clean up cells because their lungs are literally dirty. But the nicotine makes the macrophages sluggish and inefficient. Worse, they vomit chemicals that dissolve the lungs tissue and cause tiny wounds that turns into scar tissue. Nicotine also raises a person heart rate while ordering blood vessels all over the body to constrict. Toxic chemicals in the bloodstream may get stuck and cause countless tiny wounds all over the body that will turn into scars. Those scar leaks proteins that create random blood clots that makes the blood vessels even narrower. Constricted and narrowed blood vessels put a lot of stress on the heart muscle that has to work much harder to keep blood flowing. All of these chaos that happens could continue in a long term if the smoker won't stop and makes their body suffers.

Eventually, smokers are more likely to get cancer. Their whole body, especially their lungs, are flooded with at least 70 highly cancer causing chemicals. On the other hand, a part of their immune system that kills and prevents cancer is also paralyzed. According to WHO, 8 million people died from smoking in 2023. The average smoker loses 10 years of their life. Which means that some loses 5 years and others loses 25 years.

Reiteration:

Smoking causes a lot and very lot of damages, whether in a short term or long term. Smokers spent larger part of their life being chronically sick. Someone may live longer if they quit smoking early, and maybe even not start smoking at all. Ultimately, smoking only really solves a temporary problem, but it creates loads of permanent ones. Do not let the curiosity kills you, and even your closest one.

Every student needs critical thinking skills to succesfully solve problem in dificult situations. They need to analyze and evaluate their life conditions to make important decisions. A student can just talk about something, but whether or not the thoughts conveyed are true is a big question.

Although critical thinking is something complex, it does not mean that if can not be developed. Critical thinking can be developed though it's application in learning.

Arguments:

In this era, education as one of the effort to make nation smart places thinking ability as an important competency. The goal of the education system is educated students who are indepent and motivated to research. They must not follow other without any investigation.

Looking at education today, teachers in schools tend to focus on transferring information by giving limited portions to critical and creative thinking. This is proven by looking at the results of the Programme for International Student Assesment (PISA) Indonesia in 2018. Because PISA questions are often mentioned as being able to measure students critical thinking levels.

The results of PISA 2018, which was participated by 78 countries, showed that Indonesia was ranked 72nd (Organitation of Economic Co-operation and Development, 2019). The implementation of PISA 2018 in Indonesia involved 12,098 students in 399 educatinal unit. The sample taken was to represent 85% (3,768.508 students) of the population aged 15 yeras old.

Reiteration:

By using an appropriate learning method to develop critical thinking skills, students will have high critical thinking, maximum learning out comes and be able to filter information that is not in accordance with what we expect. So it is very necessery to have a learning method that can develop students critical thinking.

Breakfast is an important part that is often missed by some students. In fact, breakfast can help provide sufficient energy, improve concentration, and maintain a healthy body. Therefore, it is important for every student not to skip breakfast before doing activities.

Arguments

By eating breakfast, students get many benefits, one of which provides the energy needed by the body to increase focus during learning, so that students can understand the material well. Students who regularly eat breakfast tend to have a healthy diet. Conversely, students who often skip breakfast tend to feel hungrier during the day before break time, thus disrupting student concentration and at break time allowing students to buy unhealthy food.

Breakfast also prevents excessive hunger during the day, thus reducing the desire to snack on unhealthy foods and overeat at lunch. People who eat breakfast have good dietary control throughout the day and conversely, people who skip breakfast tend to feel hungry and end up consuming more calories. This increases the risk of obesity, and other health problems.

Reiteration

Breakfast is essential for health and well-being. Therefore, making it a habit to eat a healthy breakfast every morning is a simple yet effective step to maintain good health and improve daily productivity.

Education has important roles that people need to prepare to face any challenges that exist. Education helps a person to conquer obstacles as well as improve one's qualities. With a good quality of education we can create a bright future.

Argument 1

Firstly, Education is able to create a bright future which can be seen from increasing a person's skills, expertise, knowledge and productivity. The main role of education is to provide and develop someone's knowledge that can be used in the future. A good quality of knowledge can produce someone who is creative and innovative. Skilled individual show that the person is able to compete with others to get a decent job, and contribute to increasing national economic growth.

Argument 2

Secondly, education can reduce socio-economic disparities that exist in society. Equitable and adequate education can help a person to improve the quality of life. By providing equal and equitable access to all groups regardless of different backgrounds. Everyone should have the same opportunity to achieve success and improve their social status. With this, education also becomes a social mobility tool that people can use to improve their living conditions.

Argument 3

And the last is the quality of education will shape a person's good ethics. Its system will teach character education, such as life values ​​that are useful for future life. Although this character education is usually considered trivial by society, it is something that truly important. In character education, we work on moral awareness, tolerance, developing skills and strengthening life values ​​such as honesty, empathy, responsibility.

Reiteration

In conclusion education is important and essential for improving the social and economic development of a country. By providing quality education, we can achieve a better life and build social ethics. Therefore, education must be a top priority for someone in order to have a better future.

Unhealthy Lifestyle

Thesis

In the current era of digitalization, the rapid development of science and technology can have both positive and negative impacts on society. The influence of the development of science and technology has led to the creation of various varieties of products that have good flavors, such as food and beverages. However, without realizing it, these foods and drinks can have a negative effect on the body. These foods and drinks include fast food, processed meat, packaged drinks, instant noodles, and some canned products.

Arguments

Unhealthy foods can have a negative impact on health. Food can be categorized as unhealthy if it contains ingredients that are harmful to the body, such as preservatives, MSG, and artificial sweeteners. Unhealthy foods usually contain high calories or cholesterol and high sugar. These ingredients cause obesity, diabetes, heart disease, or even indigestion.

Replace unhealthy lifestyles with a healthy lifestyle. This can be done by eating the four healthy five perfect foods. Healthy foods such as vegetables, fruit, fish, eggs, grains, and milk. Can be consumed every day and certainly more healthy for the body. These foods if consumed every day with a balanced portion can increase the frequency of one's health. In addition, healthy and nutritious food can nourish our body parts and help healthy growth.

A change in mindset can be instilled in people in the current era. By changing the view from an unhealthy lifestyle to a healthy lifestyle. If examined further, an unhealthy lifestyle is very dangerous for the body. If you still consume unhealthy foods in high portions, it will cause a decrease in health levels. In fact, if still consumed in the long run it can cause death. 

Reiteration

In conclusion, an unhealthy lifestyle can have a negative impact, especially on the body. Fast food does have a good flavor but is harmful to our bodies. So it is necessary to switch habits from eating unhealthy foods to nutritionally balanced foods. Through the application of the four healthy five perfect diet can make the body healthier and free from disease.

Gender inequality is common in Southeast and East Asian countries. This issue is something that needs to be discussed seriously, in the midst of technological advances today things like this are even more exposed. Access to rights still has inequality between men and women. Society still views women as weak and unreliable beings. This is based on serotype and patriarchal thinking.

Arguments :

First, limited access to education for women. In this modern era, it is possible that there are still many girls who decide to drop out of school, especially in peripheral areas or common in families that adhere to patriarchy. Where, this understanding is more inclined to boys as role models in the future and puts aside girls. As women who are born into patriarchal families, they have to bury their dreams, they have to give up their dreams to fulfill the serotype of society. Women who want to continue to a higher level are considered a waste of money because in the end they will be struggling in the kitchen and taking care of the house. Boys, on the other hand, will be allowed and fully supported to achieve their dreams even though most of them use the opportunity to have fun. This assumption that always prioritizes men is what inhibits women from exploring their potential.

Second, the lack of job opportunities. For men it will be very easy to get the job they want without having to sacrifice something. Meanwhile, for women they have to choose between working or taking care of the house. This difference creates a gap in the world of work, they tend to categorize jobs that are suitable for women when in fact women are more able to work on anything regardless of whether the job is suitable for them. Conversely, men tend to do the work that they feel is suitable for them. It is not uncommon for women to be used as a tool in business transactions, as they consider the role of women in the world of work can only be used as a facilitator of cooperation. Many companies look at a woman because of her physique without looking at her potential. This actually makes women wary in choosing a workplace which then has an impact on the lack of safe labor opportunities for them. When it comes to work ethic, a man is often considered superior because of his role as a leader in the eyes of society, and women are thought to be unable to surpass that achievement. The fact is that a woman is able to perform 2 roles at once, as a housewife and as a career woman.

Third, there is little opportunity for women's voices to be heard. In some discussion forums, women's voices seem to be ignored by anyone, as if their voices were muffled by a wall. This is because society positions women as subordinate to men. In this case, men's voices are more heard and considered because they have authority in decision-making. In some cases of decision-making in the family sphere, it is not uncommon for women's protests to be ignored and still consider the decisions made by men to be the best even though these decisions have a significant impact on their families.

Fourth, in this advanced era, there are still many groups in society that place a double burden on women. This double burden occurs when a woman takes on more tasks than a man both at home and outside the home. With an environment that is still thick with patriarchy, it leads people's views that women are only a burden to the family or husband, even though they themselves make women stay silent doing housework without doing work. This assumption as a burden makes women bear a double burden that must be fulfilled as a housewife and as a career woman.

Fifth, many women prioritize career over marriage. This thinking is based on fear that when living in a household, they are afraid that they will get unreasonable demands from the family. Society often finds it strange if a woman is not married at an age that is considered mature, they will gossip and give her ridicule. It is different if a man does not marry until a mature age, they are actually adored because they are considered diligent in pursuing their careers.

Reiteration :

Gender inequality in Southeast Asia and East Asia requires more attention. The government must seriously address this issue by involving various parties and experts. Women's attitudes are a reflection of their surrounding environment, how the environment views women is how women behave. Environmental conditions have a significant impact on women's mindset and fighting spirit in acting in society. With conducive environmental conditions, it can help women to explore their potential.

So be fair to everyone regardless of gender and normalize everyone's different views on life.

The importance of reducing the use of single-use plastics

Thesis

The need to reduce single-use plastic is more urgent than ever. Plastic pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental issues, as the world produces billions of tons of plastic waste every year, much of which is not recyclable. Single-use plastics, such as bags, bottles, and straws, contribute significantly to this problem, posing severe threats to marine life, ecosystems, and even human health. Therefore, it is crucial to take immediate action by reducing the consumption of single-use plastics.

Argument

First, single-use plastics are a major contributor to environmental degradation. These plastics often end up in oceans and rivers, where they break down into microplastics that are ingested by marine animals, disrupting ecosystems and harming wildlife. Studies have shown that millions of marine creatures die each year from plastic-related causes, either through ingestion or entanglement. Moreover, plastic waste that doesn’t decompose for hundreds of years continues to accumulate in landfills, taking up valuable space and releasing harmful chemicals into the soil and water.

Along with the environmental impact, single-use plastics also pose risks to human health. When plastics break down, they release toxic chemicals like bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, which can contaminate food, water, and air. These chemicals are linked to various health problems, including hormonal imbalances, developmental issues, and even cancer. Furthermore, plastic particles have been found in the food chain, meaning that humans inadvertently consume microplastics through the seafood we eat, potentially causing long-term health effects.

Reiteration

In conclusion, reducing the use of single-use plastics is essential to protect the environment and human health. By taking steps to minimize plastic consumption, such as using reusable bags and bottles, or supporting policies that ban single-use plastics, we can mitigate the damage caused by plastic pollution. The time to act is now, as the negative impacts of plastic waste continue to worsen, threatening the future of our planet.

Adequate sleep is essential for physical health, mental well-being, and cognitive functioning, making the number of sleeping hours crucial for overall quality of life.

Argument :

1. Physical Health: Sufficient sleep supports immune function, reduces the risk of chronic diseases, and aids in recovery and growth. Studies show that individuals who sleep less than the recommended hours are at higher risk for conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.

2. Mental Well-Being: Sleep significantly affects mood regulation. Lack of sleep can lead to increased stress, anxiety, and depression. Research indicates that good sleep can enhance emotional resilience and improve overall mental health.

3. Cognitive Functioning: Sleep is critical for cognitive processes such as memory consolidation, problem-solving, and decision-making. Sleep deprivation impairs attention, creativity, and learning abilities, negatively impacting academic and work performance.

Reiteration :

In conclusion, prioritizing adequate sleeping hours is vital for maintaining physical health, emotional stability, and optimal cognitive functioning. Ensuring sufficient sleep should be regarded as a fundamental aspect of a healthy lifestyle, influencing various facets of daily living and long-term health outcomes.