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      <title>Covid-19 Pandemic: Uses of the Past by Fisher, James</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320</link>
      <description>Add your chosen source relating to the use of history in discussions of Covid-19</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2023-09-08 14:39:55 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2023-10-02 09:54:37 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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      <item>
         <title>Elizabeth II Pandemic Address</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2717339552</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>During the pandemic, parallels with WW2 were commonly deployed by public figures to invoke a sense of collective struggle and national unity. Elizabeth II highlights how as a princess she first addressed the nation in 1940, and in perhaps the most obvious reference to that era tells the British public 'we will meet again'.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-52174772" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-23 15:00:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2717339552</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Comparisons to the Spanish Flu Pandemic</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2719384219</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Parallels were drawn with the Spanish Flu to highlight that Covid-19 was a much more manageable disease and less deadly, possibly to reassure the public and emphasise how far public health had come since 1918.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200302-coronavirus-what-can-we-learn-from-the-spanish-flu" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-25 13:53:07 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2719384219</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>The history of pandemics</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2726965377</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The history of pandemics is used both to show how far we have advanced in the medical field but also to reflect how pandemics such as Covid 19 remain dangerous and predictable. Walsh draws comparisons with the past to highlight how our responses to pandemics still need to improve, for example he compares the Covid lockdown response as not “that different from what our ancestors might have tried to halt an outbreak of the plague”. &nbsp;The current circumstances of this article reinforce this use of the past, as Covid was rapidly spreading and was just declared a pandemic by the WHO, emphasising how infectious disease remains a threat and how there is therefore still more to improve on in healthcare.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200325-covid-19-the-history-of-pandemics" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-30 15:07:36 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2726965377</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Parallels drawn between Covid-19 and past pandemics  </title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727479097</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This article helps emphasise the importance of history when tackling worrying global events like Covid-19. Parallels are drawn with the Great Plague of 1665 and how many measures taken at that time are similar to social distancing during Covid. This shows that despite having various differences it is extremely valuable to look at past pandemics to see what actions were taken. This will allow us to identify what was successful at the time and how to build on past mistakes. Historical insight will allow us to be better equipped to deal with the current threat and to minimise damage caused by it. </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/science-blog/covid-19-insights-history-0" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 14:45:19 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727479097</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Parallels between responses to Covid-19 and WW2</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727530769</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The article gives multiple examples of how there are similarities between the wartime effort and international responses to Covid-19. There is an emphasis on mobilisation, with discussions of how companies worked to produce necessary products in short supply, e.g. Louis Vuitton began manufacturing hand sanitiser. This is compared to how companies such as car manufacturers began to produce vehicles for the army. The article also discusses "collective anxiety", something that was felt both during WW2 and the pandemic. Examples are also given of government officials using wartime analogies and "combative language" in their briefings. The article uses these comparisons of global efforts to demonstrate the importance of collective efforts to face a common enemy, and to give hope - stating that through these collective efforts, "nations could ultimately recover."</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200430-covid-19-what-we-can-learn-from-wartime-efforts" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 16:05:52 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727530769</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Boris Johnson evokes Blitz Spirit to combat Covid 19</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727693719</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The article, written by a staunchly pro government tabloid, highlights the WW2 referencing which Boris Johnson was espousing as he sought to convince the nation of the importance of his emergency laws. The WW2 messaging could also likely have been used to reassure Britons in the face of an impending unprecedented viral outbreak and the idea that because the nation had risen to challenges of a similar scale before, they could (and in fact, had a responsibility) to do so again.  </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/11088147/boris-johnson-evokes-blitz-spirit-as-he-says-coronavirus-is-national-challenge-for-british-public/" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 20:26:36 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727693719</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>The Pandemic Response That Wasn&#39;t</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727710633</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This article focuses on the need for long term solutions to the pandemic, whilst politicians focus on the short term aspects. This is then compared to previous events, particularly in American history, such as the post 9/11 anthrax attacks and people's reactions to both these events, highlighting how significant people are as actors in history and the consequences, both immediate and long-term.<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://magazine.jhsph.edu/2020/pandemic-response-that-wasnt" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 21:02:15 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727710633</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Covid-19 and the AIDS pandemic</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727726545</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This article draws direct comparisons between the AIDS pandemic of the 1980s and Covid-19, and especially the decisions of wealthy countries around vaccination and medication. It uses the past to show that lessons aren't necessarily learnt from history as similar issues faced the world during Covid-19 despite the previous experience and solutions found during AIDS.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.politico.eu/article/aids-hiv-history-covid-19-coronavirus-access-inequality-antiretrovirals-drugs/" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 21:40:12 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727726545</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Comparisons between China&#39;s mass mobilisation during COVID and those in the past</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727733097</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The article, written by an independent American policy-researching organisation, focuses on the Chinese society's response towards the growing mass outbreak of COVID-19. In particular, it mentions how China's civil society responded as a corporate body. Comparisons are then drawn between other past campaigns of public mobilisation by other governments, as well as how advocacy groups are now forced to act differently compared to in the past. It utilises the past to reveal the increased extent of China's control over the its citizens during its fight with COVID.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.brookings.edu/articles/how-the-chinese-state-mobilized-civil-society-to-fight-covid-19/" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 21:56:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727733097</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Comparisons drawn between the Plague in London in 1665 and the Covid-19 Pandemic</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727758257</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This article highlights the comparisons between London during the Plague in 1665 and the Covid -19 Pandemic. It discusses the similarities between Covid and the Plague, through both social means and the death toll.&nbsp; Jessica Otis uses the past as a reflection upon today's society to describe an eerie similarity of human behaviour during times of crisis that appeared during both outbreaks of disease - an example of this that is discussed is the breaking of quarantine rules. History, therefore, has been utilised in this article to highlight the repetition of historical events.  </div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jul/19/coronavirus-plague-history" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 22:59:20 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727758257</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>How past pandemics have changed the world, and why COVID-19 is no exception</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727777120</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This article was written by Liam Fox MP, comparing COVID-19 with past pandemics, from the Justinianic Plague to the Spanish Flu. Fox uses the past to argue that pandemics aren't the exception in human history, rather, they are the rule. Note the article was written 1 day before the first UK lockdown, a time when relatively little was known about COVID. Fox is both a former GP and a notable politician; using the past in this comparative manner gives a dependable reference point to readers, who were much less informed at the time.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/84777386-6860-11ea-99b3-ee2141ccf633?shareToken=29d38c9d5a9dda78f103e4bd50396b45" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 23:44:14 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2727777120</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Lessons from past pandemics</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2728131524</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This article discusses how effective measures to counter covid-19 can be implemented by looking at the responses to older pandemics, such as the flu of 1918. Evidence from the past is used to support measures such as social distancing and quarantine.&nbsp;<br><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/lessons-from-past-outbreaks-could-help-fight-the-coronavirus-pandemic1/" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-02 07:39:12 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2728131524</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Comparisons between responses to Influenza 1918, and covid -19</title>
         <author></author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2728154457</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>This article highlights the similarity in responses to covid-19 and those of the 1918 Influenza pandemic, to attempt to persuade other medical professionals of the appropriate course of action. Specifically, the author highlights the concerns of shutting down businesses and restricting people to their homes as happened in both pandemics to raise concerns about the socio-economic impact leading to a wider overall public health catastrophe. Additionally, the author finds that there has been a second pandemic 'of fear and anxiety' sewn by the media after beginning the piece with '<em>The death of one man: this is a catastrophe. Hundreds of thousands of deaths: that is a statistic!</em>&nbsp;'. Therefore the author is using history to argue that the real impact of pandemics is the sensationalism and extreme measures taken in response, which create a long term public health impact.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8460422/" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-02 08:00:04 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/jdfisher1_2/kxt4jjbvnqupf320/wish/2728154457</guid>
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