AP HUGE Final Exam Review Semester 1 by MARK A OLSON

Let's GO...Section 1.1 understanding maps

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Know the Robinson Mercator and Peters projections

Maps Lie and are distorted...trying to make a round earth flat causes distortions.

Size, Shape, Distance, Location.

Mercator

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Peters map

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distorts the middle...flat poles

robinson

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most actuate...next to eqaul earth projection...poles are still an issue

Types of Thematic Maps

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Dot
Isoline
Choropleth...colors
Cartogram...sizes

Choropleth Map

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Cartogram map

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Maps can always manipulate data depending on scale

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remember the african american population in georgia map

African American population in Georgia map

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Dot Map

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Think about the spatial association of hispanic population and where that ethnic group lives in the USA

1.2 & 1.3 geographic Data

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Know GPS = Location
GIS = Layered Data

GIS

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Where does the data come from...

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Remote Sensing
Satilites
CENSUS DATA

Census Data

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Census Tracts

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Give more specific neighborhood data

Mapping GIS & GPS

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Know....
Latitude
Longitude
Equator
Prime Meridian

latitude & longitude

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Time Zones

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World Time Zones

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1.4 Spatial Association

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The connectivity between data on maps
Remember McDonalds Map & Obesity and Diabeties as well as food swamps and deserts

Mcdonald Map

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United States obesity Map

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United States Diabeties Map

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Spatial Association

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CONNECTIONS!!!!!!!!

Population Map

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How might the phyical features affect the population?
Deserts, mountains, fresh water

United States Population Map

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How did physical effect population in USA...remember our FRQ

Density & Distrubution

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Density = How much
Distribution = clustered and scattered

Density map

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Possibilism (CORE, MDC) people can adapt and Environmental Determinism (PERIPHERY, LDC) people are limited

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Because of ED people tend to live in temperate areas.

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1.5 HUMAN INTERACTION W/ ENV

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Sustainibility: Environmental, Economic, social

Uneven development

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Problem that occurs if economy isn't sustainable...BRANDT LINE

Uneven Development

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1.6 Scales of Analysis

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as you zoom in the scale is LARGER!!!!....DATA is affeted by the scale....again the georgia and atalanta map example

1.7 Regions

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formal 1 uniform characteristic with a border
function 1 nodal poit or hearth serves an area
perceptual opinion no clear border

Fuctional region

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perceptual region

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formal region

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Great plains and midwest map

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midwest formal...great plains perceptual IN THIS CASE

Diffusion

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Spread of a cultural aspect
Hierarchal
Stimulus
Contagious

Hierarchal Diffusion

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FROM A PERSON OR POINT OF IMPORTANCE

World Regions Map

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Pop regions

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Where did people NOT live...
Arctic
Desert
MTNS
Tropics

Where do people live...

temperate areas

POP density

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Know the 3...
Arithmetic
physiologic
arable

Arithmetic Density Map

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Brazil below

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High growth in urban areas...people around the world are migrating to urban areas
in Brazil....mostly coastal towns...but with the destruction of the rainforest internal cities are growing and people are spreading out

Do you know...

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Birthrate
Deathrate
Infant Mortality rate
NIR
Life expectancy

Population Pyramids

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Population Pyramids

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Demographic transition model

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Stages of development associated with it

Africa population map

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epidemiologic transition

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Connection between the DTM and the EPID TRANSITION

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People are living longer which causes other problems...
Graying pop
Healthcare $$$
Cultural (who takes care of old)
Science (stop aging)

Connection between the DTM and Migration at various stages...

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who is migrating
who cannot migrate

Thomas Malthus

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The gap creates misery

other pop theories

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boserup....we can overcome
erhlich... population bomb

Neo-Malthusians

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Say malthus theory correct TODAY!
Misery is coming or actually happening...
why...the cost of distribution

Pro natal vs Anti natal Policies

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China...1 child to 2 child policy
India...forced sterilizations
USA...eugenic policies
Denmark....do it for denmark
singapore....nation night out
france...long maternity leave
russia....paying moms

Why are women having less babies

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Women working
marriage age increasing
contraceptives available
family planning
no need for agri workers....we are industrializing

causes of migration

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push and pull factors
pull....$$$ jobs, education, peace
push...war and conflict, lack of development

types of migration

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international
interregional
intraregional

know the difference

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immigrant vs emigrant

USA migration

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Environmental...climate, dust bowl
$$$$...cheap land, more jobs,
historical...east to west (13 colonies), native americans forced migration, slave trade

Migration chart

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ethnicity map

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Hispanic population map

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African American Population Map

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Great Migration map

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Gre

chinese exclusion act cartoon

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Map projections

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Map projections

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Know the Robinson projection too!

GPS and GIS

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GIS layers the data
GPS determines the locations

GIS

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GPS

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Spatial Association

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Connection between places....example health

Obesity Map vs McDonalds Map

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Is there a connection with other elements like eating habits

or heart disease

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Latitude and Longitude

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Space-Time Compression

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Distance Decay

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SPT and DD

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SPT has become smaller with innovation
DD almost no existent due to technology and the internet

Population Density Map

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where do people live and why...
climate
environment
food sources
WATER

USA Population Density Map

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Compare: East vs West vs Midwest

Density and Distribution

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Density the amount
distribution the where
concentration = clustered or sparsely

possibilism

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Society develepmet is NOT determined by the environment.
innovation has allow the ability to overcome climate location etc...

Environmental Determinism

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Environment limits development and society...lack of adaptation and innovation

Population Density Map

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People tend to live in temperate areas...not to cold not to dry not to wet

Sustainability

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Economic environmental Social balance within development

Brandt Line

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wallerstein's world theory

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More Developed Countries vs Less Developed Countries

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Scale

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Scale

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World

Region

Nation

State

County

City

World Systems Theory

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Globalization

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Coonections of the world through business technology diffusion transportation internet....

Are the MDC exploiting the LDC????
Uneven development between the core and periphery ...especially in $$$

Types of Diffusion

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Diffusion

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relocation = migration
stimulus = mcdonalds big idea but changes to meet the local culture
contagious = fast spreading like a disease
hierarchical = top down

Cultural landscape...changes to the physical environment

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Jerusalem = sacred places of 3 religions

Cultural pattern = nonmaterial cultural realms

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Religion is an example

regions of population

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Where are the high density regions....

population pyramids

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Population pyramids

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Unbalanced population pyramid

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Why....culture, workers, etc...This is from a crab fishing town in Alaska

How did migration affect native americans in USA

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assimilation and reservations

Native American forced migration onto reservations

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USA Native America reservation Map

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Total fertility rates

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Why are they higher in africa...

Demographic transition model

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Stage 2 = LDC
Stage 3 = developing
stage 4 = MDC

Thomas Malthus

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Also remember:

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Neo malthus: Ugh we would use up all our resources
boserup: no worries we are smart and can figure it out
erhlich : Population Bomb in the 60s and 70s
THANOS: Mrs. Trapani's nemisis!

Pro Natal

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Increase birthrates
France Denmark singapore

Anti Natal

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China and India

Aging population pyramid

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more greying population in the dependency ratio

obstacles to migration

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physical features
$$$$
distance
culture

Push and pull factors

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#1 pull is $$$ economic

Know the difference between a refugee and asylum seeker

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Ethnic enclaves

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Ethnic Enclaves

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Types of migration

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International
interregional
intraregional

Isogloss

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World language map

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Lingua Franca Map

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Spread of English Map

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Religion Map

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USA Religion Map

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Muslim Population Map

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