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      <title>Scoring Off the Field: NIL in College Sports by Alani Reynoso</title>
      <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer</link>
      <description></description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2023-09-27 02:36:05 UTC</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>2023-11-04 19:48:06 UTC</lastBuildDate>
      <webMaster>hello@padlet.com</webMaster>
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         <url></url>
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      <item>
         <title>Introduction</title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722320543</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>In the article "How Sponsorship Deals Are Transforming College Sports" Schoenfeld discusses the intersection between the economic model of sports, from the traditional college sports model prior to NIL through amateurism. For as long as the NCAA had been around, student athletes had no legal way of getting any compensation for their hard work aside from trophies and accolades. They were not able to receive any benefits that were linked to their participation in a sport. However, in 2021, a Supreme Court decision against the NCAA ended nearly all of its restrictions on what athletes could earn from their NIL. (Schoenfeld, 2023) Although a fairly new concept, several players have already faced repercussions in transactions that have led to severe sanctions against their teams. The constant change of the structure of college athletics is leading to a divide between traditionality and the morally correct/incorrect within the integrity of the student athlete. In wake of these changes, the NCAA decided that it would just be better to allow athletes to profit off their name, image, and likeness so that they would not encounter any more lawsuits. (Schoenfeld, 2023) Even though this is a great opportunity for students to receive compensation for their hard work, this process should be closely monitored.&nbsp;</div><div>This sets the stage for a deeper dive into the evolving landscape of college sports and focuses on how the implementation of NIL policies may have unintended consequences for the integrity of student athletes. Important considerations could be raised, such as the balance between financial empowerment and the core values of amateurism and fair competition.&nbsp;</div><div><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-27 02:45:34 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722320543</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Thesis Statement</title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722320810</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The structure of college athletics marked by NIL in today's society creates a double-edged sword for student athletes through benefits and repercussions. While the policies from NIL can offer opportunities for financial empowerment, potential pitfalls can arise and may be detrimental to this new era of the student athlete. The potential impacts and ethical challenges associated with these changes could be observed in the complexity of the realm of college sports.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-27 02:45:46 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722320810</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Research Question</title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722321341</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>How is the ever-changing landscape of college sports compromising the integrity of student athletes through NIL?</div><div><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-27 02:46:06 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722321341</guid>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722340519</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>NIL challenges the NCAA’s amateurism model, but also norms among student athletes. NBA Hall of Famer and sports analyst Charles Barkeley weighs in on the adverse effects of being able to profit off of NIL. “What really bothers me and scares me about the whole scenario, Dan, there’s going to be so much resentment from other teammates,” Barkley said. “They’ll be like, ‘Damn, Charles is selling jerseys. He’s got a car deal. We work just as hard as him.” Disparities in NIL deals might create inequalities among athletes which did not exist in an amateurism world. What makes a particular athlete worthy of having more deals is ultimately what will shift behavior on and off the court. They now have to compete against each other in order to publicize their name.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.saturdaydownsouth.com/auburn-football/charles-barkley-shares-what-scares-him-about-nil-era-of-college-sports/" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-27 02:59:30 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722340519</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Primary Source </title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722341244</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-27 03:00:02 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722341244</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>Secondary Source</title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722344057</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-27 03:02:03 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722344057</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title>Scholarly Source</title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722345886</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-27 03:03:16 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722345886</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722371277</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>NIL is becoming a double edged sword for female college athletes. Olivia Dunne, a 21 year old LSU gymnastics star, has faced the dark side of online fandom in recent years. The policy of NIL has been allowing these athletes to financially benefit in a way they otherwise never could from their sport. Due to this, Olivia has been sexualized through her social media posts on TikTok and Instagram. (Gerson, 2023) She posts bikini pictures through swimwear sponsorships and other "provocative" images of wearing her gymnastics leotard. These images were not made to be sexual, but the way in which the public perceived these images in a world of sports where females are valued for their beauty rather than their talent can be alarming. (Figure 4) NIL gives male athletes a greater incentive to stay on a college team before going pro, but there are limited opportunities for women above college sports. Few go on to play at the professional level. In Olivia Dunne's case, although she might not go on to become a professional gymast, she uses these opportunities of NIL to become an influencer as her most profitable career track, but faces risks along the way.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://19thnews.org/2023/01/livvy-dunne-tiktok-lsu-gymnast-influencer-nil-policies/" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-27 03:21:46 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722371277</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722390511</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>College athletes are often criticized for wanting to switch schools due to luxuries. They believe that the grass is greener on the other side, especially when it comes to money or more NIL deals. University of Pittsburgh coach Pat Narduzzi shares his thoughts on the NCAA transfer portal. “If a kid wants to play and he’s not going to play here then the portal is good for those guys. But when the tampering happens and guys are trying to steal your guys- that’s when it gets bad. You shouldn’t be able to go in the portal because someone’s offering you more or you want to throw on a different color jersey or logo to entice you to go to their school.” (Narduzzi, 2023) There should be restrictions in the college transfer portal that enforce who should be able to leave an institution. If college athletes continue to have the liberty of leaving schools just because they want to play for another brand, then this will destroy the concept of loyalty and tradition.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://youtu.be/isP3NSRXFXw?feature=shared" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-27 03:38:29 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722390511</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722396953</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>International students are unable to profit off of NIL due to NCAA and visa rules and restrictions. They legally cannot make money off of anything that is seen as a job outside of their educational setting. "Due to the nature of the F-1 visa, however, international students are generally prohibited from obtaining employment outside of the educational setting. Therefore,&nbsp; despite&nbsp; the&nbsp; NCAA’s&nbsp; broad&nbsp; allowance&nbsp; of&nbsp; NIL&nbsp; rights,&nbsp; international &nbsp;</div><div>student-athletes are in essence still prohibited from profiting from their NIL due&nbsp; to&nbsp; visa&nbsp; restrictions.&nbsp; There&nbsp; is&nbsp; an&nbsp; irony&nbsp; in&nbsp; such&nbsp; a&nbsp; sentiment,&nbsp; as&nbsp; for&nbsp; decades&nbsp; student-athletes were denied the right to profit from their NIL. (Belo, 1996) Due to this, international student athletes are not able to create a brand for themselves. While American athletes are making thousands of dollars through lucrative deals and social media posts, international students have to wait until they sign with a professional team. One of the only ways to do so is through a P1-A visa, which is reserved for elite level athletes. You would have to be one of the best not only in your sport, but in the NCAA as well. These athletes see that their teammates are getting lucrative deals and wonder why they can't do the same. (Figure 2) Creating these restrictions hinders the inhibitions of student athletes all over the world to come to the U.S. and play their sport in college, while getting the benefits of being able to give a brand to their name.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://journals.iupui.edu/index.php/sij/article/view/26058/24376" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-27 03:44:15 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2722396953</guid>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2723840470</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Differences in how much an athlete makes through NIL is another way in which unequal opportunities compromise the future of student athletes. Bronny James (son of NBA Lakers Super Star LeBron James), is projected to make millions in NIL deals while his possible future opponents are barely going to be getting half a million. (Figure 1) This might create certain feelings of resentment from teammates, or the spotlight during the NBA draft to be shifted away from higher picks and onto him. There are college basketball players that have potentially worked harder to be presented with the position that they are at today. (THE BOARDROOM, 2023) However, due to prior fame and the fact that his father is one of the greatest of all time, other draft picks may be left in the shadows. Bronny has yet to play a game for USC, but the privilege of having an image to his name and connections might increase the likelihood of how much he will be making not just in college, but in the NBA as well. &nbsp;</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-09-27 22:48:26 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2723840470</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2724082759</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>In recent years, the amount of college athletes entering the transfer portal has reached an all time high. Escaping a bad locker room situation or going somewhere else to play more minutes is becoming an easy excuse. There is no longer the guarantee of a player staying on a team all four years. (Keen, 2022) When these players leave, they are making it more difficult for coaches to find replacements. NIL is contributing more and more to these changes because colleges are offering students money and deals to sign with their school. They are constantly in a limbo of trying to figure out where they can get the most out of their college experience. The University of Miami, for example, offers every scholarship player $500 a month just for them to endorse a mixed martial arts gym. (Saunders, 2022) Colleges now using these NIL benefits as bait for athletes is playing a huge role in why they want to leave their institution in the first place.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://scholarlycommons.obu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1852&amp;context=honors_theses" />
         <pubDate>2023-09-28 04:20:13 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2724082759</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727707279</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Olivia Dunne has faced criticism recently due to her fame and success. Many people do not know about her outside of social media because it is the main source of her being publicized. Stanford basketball coach Tara VanDerveer, a strong supporter of women's rights, sees this trend as a "step back" for female athletes. (Gaydos, 2022) This is causing disappointment in women that have long believed that success should be built on athleticism and talent. The athletic capability of female athletes has been undermined for as long as they have been able to participate, and NIL is contributing to the disparities we see in college sports today.&nbsp;</div><div><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.foxnews.com/sports/legendary-basketball-coach-tara-vanderveer-takes-issue-how-popular-gymnast-olivia-dunne-earns-nil-deals" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 20:54:17 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727707279</guid>
      </item>
      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727712869</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>For as long as female athletes have been allowed to participate in sports, gender inequalities have prevented them to have success in their sport from just talent alone. The expectation that you have to commercialize your sport through provocative images and deals that meet the male gaze reinforces this notion of NIL being used to sexualize women. Possessing assets such as grace and beauty were especially important for women to get higher fan bases and viewership in general. (Ibid, 2020) This further highlights a longstanding societal interest in the presentation of women in sports. If female athletes are mainly valued for their appearance rather than their talent, NIL deals might reinforce the idea that they obtain their worthiness through their physical attractiveness. (Ibid, 2020) These ideas can potentially lead to a situation where women feel pressured to prioritize their likeness and image over their goals as athletes.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1250242.pdf" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 21:06:45 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727712869</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727717077</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://x.com/samanthapeszek/status/1611929895839453184?s=20" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 21:16:57 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727717077</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727718832</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>In the NBA, players leave to play on different teams due to contracts that will generate more profit. This is contributing to the destruction of team culture and the overarching theme of winning because there is no chemistry between players. The longer we are around people, the more we are able to build connections and know how to read their behavior. (Pina, 2020) The same transcends on the playing field for both professional and college sports. If there is no stability with who is on a team, teammates will not know how to play with them during a game. The cohesive factor of a team simply cannot exist without there being camaraderie. NBA player Austin Rivers shares his thoughts on the constant movement of players on teams. “I’ve had teammates who’ve played on eight, nine teams. I mean that’s nuts.” (Rivers, 2020) Rules regarding how often a player can switch teams have softened over time. As for college sports, student athletes also use money to switch between institutions through NIL, and contribute to a disruption in team connections.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.sbnation.com/nba/2020/4/23/21229237/nba-roster-chemistry-free-agency-team-turnover" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 21:21:15 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727718832</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727720922</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>On the cover of these two Sports Illustrated magazines, we see a deep contrast in the way former tennis stars Anna Kournikova and Roger Federer are portrayed. While Roger is showing strength and precision playing his sport, we see a more submissive Anna who appears to be in a girly blouse, seductively laying on a pillow. The way in which female athletes are portrayed in magazines is usually to show their physical attributes and beauty, rather than their athleticism. This goes back decades and can even be seen in Sports Illustrated articles to this day. Society feels as though in order to attract an audience to their product, they need to sell something that viewers would want to buy. Simply showing Anna playing her sport is not enough to portray her likeness and femininity.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-01 21:26:26 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727720922</guid>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727723490</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://x.com/MasonFletcher19/status/1570788450126929921?s=20" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 21:32:18 UTC</pubDate>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727726313</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Student athletes are constantly leaving colleges to pursue more lucrative offers from other institutions. This is causing a change in team dynamics and culture due to the fact that once they leave and more recruits come in, the team has to learn how to play with each other all over again. College sports once revolved around loyalty, and the notion that winning at all costs is the most important thing. However, the introduction of NIL deals and transfer portal money changes this. Coaches now have to put in extra time to make sure their most important players stay for the long-term. (Moore, 2022) They are being promised things and essentially are being bribed out of their school. Often times athletes want out because they feel as though more opportunities are present elsewhere. Prominent players weigh offers nonstop from other schools, and they use this as leverage to make their current school give them more cash just so that they can stay. (Moore, 2022) The introduction of NIL worsens the structure of team culture because with no loyalty, teams can’t be stable enough to have good chemistry.&nbsp;</div><div><br></div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="https://www.kitsapsun.com/story/sports/2022/01/19/jim-moore-recruiting-transfers-and-nil-money-ruin-college-football/6566498001/" />
         <pubDate>2023-10-01 21:39:36 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727726313</guid>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727727968</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Transfers often enter the portal due to an increase in athletic offers. According to the NCAA, as of 2019 college athletes that have a higher incentive to change institutions are Men's Soccer (18.6%) and Basketball (15.3%), which are two of the main sports that offer multiple deals in NIL. Men's soccer shows the highest net increase, which proves that wanting to play somewhere else because of money is a big reason as to why athletes leave.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-01 21:43:08 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2727727968</guid>
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      <item>
         <title>How will the consequences of NIL transcend into the professional world of sports with money management? </title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2736244696</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>When college athletes transition into their professional careers, they will be expected to handle NIL and salary earnings on their own. It is crucial that they educate themselves on proper spending habits to establish good financial literacy. According to a Sports Illustrated article report, 78% of NFL players and 60% of NBA players face serious financial hardships after retirement, several of whom were once college athletes themselves. (Hart, 2018) Professional athletes make a substantial amount of money, which can be tempting to spend all at once, especially for those who come from a rags to riches story. This is why it is imperative that institutions and universities provide support and help student athletes make well informed financial decisions. Even in college, athletes seem to suffer from financial losses because they do not know how to balance their earnings.&nbsp;<br><br>The struggle for professional athletes to properly manage their money has become a difficult concept in today's society. From luxury vehicles, to multi million dollar homes, the money just seems to pile on when the first paycheck arrives. Newfound wealth and young age, keep in mind that these athletes are getting recruited at the ages of roughly 18-20, may come with some level of immaturity and poor planning for the foreseeable future. Former NBA player Antoine Walker has fallen victim to this after his career ended. He would spend his money on lavish things, not taking into account the repercussions he would face once the majority of his money went out the window. (TMZ, 2014) The amount of money he was earning came with bad company. People would try to burglarize his home, and he was caught for gambling debts and other ethical issues. Due to these misfortunes, Walker is now committed to helping college athletes and young recruits through Edyoucore, a financial education company. It is recommended that college athletes learn about the process of managing money before they meet a financial advisor. (Rusoff, 2021) Colleges should also better educate their athletes on the matter. Antoine Walker's story serves as a cautionary tale for college athletes that will soon enter the professional sports world.&nbsp;<br><br>The ability of college athletes being able to profit off of NIL after the O'Bannon vs NCAA Supreme Court Case has sparked a lot of controversy in recent years. Whether enjoyable or not, the structure of college sports is changing and NIL is here to stay. However, student athletes should be monitored, and restrictions put in place when making decisions related to any form of compensation. Resolving ethical issues such as inequalities in pay and opportunities, and ensuring the safety and well being of the student athlete should be of upmost importance due to the fact that this will ensure success at the professional level. <br><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-07 03:36:30 UTC</pubDate>
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         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2738938934</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Dear Chisako,&nbsp;<br>As someone who grew up in a family of sports lovers, I was very happy to see this course on the catalog this past summer. English is very important no matter the major, so to be able to improve on my researching skills while learning more about the topic I am so passionate about is the best it can get. I am so relieved that I was able to get off of the waitlist because as a Sophomore I feel as though now is the time to expand on my writing. The class activities, peer reviews and discussions, and weekly assignments have all helped me with compiling my research for this project. From the structure of the class, to the content presented, this has been my favorite English course by far at Berkeley.&nbsp;<br>This Project #1 assignment allowed me to use the skills learned in class to delve deeper into an aspect of sports that interests me. I took a Sociology of Sports class last semester and believe that this is the perfect follow up. Something that was brought up vaguely in Sociology was the impact of NIL on college sports, but we only scraped the surface. In particular, I thought that the transfer portal process and the conference changes were interesting. I was able to compare what I learned in each class to complete this project. I appreciate your time and availability when it comes to helping us with assignments, it is something I value and I enjoyed completing this project while learning new things along the way.&nbsp;<br><br>Thank you,&nbsp;<br>Alani Reynoso&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-10 00:36:24 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2738938934</guid>
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      <item>
         <title></title>
         <author>areynoso_2301</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2738964444</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Schoenfeld, Bruce. “Student. Athlete. Mogul?” <em>The New York Times</em>, The New York Times, 24 Jan. 2023, www.nytimes.com/2023/01/24/magazine/ncaa-nba-student-athlete/. <br><br>SDS “Charles Barkley Shares What ‘scares’ Him about Nil Era of College Sports.” <em>Saturday Down South</em>, 4 July 2021, www.saturdaydownsouth.com/auburn-football/charles-barkley-shares-what-scares-him-about-nil-era-of-college-sports/. <br><br>Sprung, Shlomo. “Bronny James Is the Early 2024 Nil King.” <em>Boardroom</em>, 28 June 2023, boardroom.tv/bronny-james-nil-valuation-nba-draft/. <br><br>Solomon, Beth D., et al. “Who Is Nil Leaving out? Challenges and Solutions for International Student-Athletes.” <em>Sports Innovation Journal</em>, 29 Aug. 2022, journals.iupui.edu/index.php/sij/article/view/26058. <br><br>Fletcher, Mason. “As an International Student Athlete I Am Unable to Get Access to Any Nil Money so I’ve Decided That All Profits from Purchases of Anything in My Name Will Go to All Our Walk-Ons on Our Football Team! This Will Hopefully Give Some Financial Help to These Guys That Give Their All. Pic.Twitter.Com/Xtrig6eh6t.” <em>Twitter</em>, Twitter, 16 Sept. 2022, twitter.com/MasonFletcher19/status/1570788450126929921?s=20. <br><br>Moore, Jim. “Transfers and Top-Dollar Recruiting Are Changing the Sport in a Way I Don’t Like.” <em>Kitsap Sun</em>, Kitsap Sun, 19 Jan. 2022, www.kitsapsun.com/story/sports/2022/01/19/jim-moore-recruiting-transfers-and-nil-money-ruin-college-football/6566498001/. <br><br>Boettger, Eli “College Basketball’s Most Powerful Force: The Transfer Portal.” <em>Athletic Director U</em>, https://athleticdirectoru.com/, 18 Feb. 2022, athleticdirectoru.com/articles/college-basketball-transfer-portal/. <br><br>Saunders, Brennan. <em>Ouachita Baptist University Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita</em>, scholarlycommons.obu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1852&amp;context=honors_theses. Accessed 10 Oct. 2023. <br><br>“Pat Narduzzi on Why the Transfer Portal Is Ruining College Football.” <em>YouTube</em>, YouTube, 3 Aug. 2023, www.youtube.com/watch?v=isP3NSRXFXw. <br><br>Pina, Michael. “The NBA Has a Chemistry Problem.” <em>SBNation.Com</em>, 23 Apr. 2020, www.sbnation.com/nba/2020/4/23/21229237/nba-roster-chemistry-free-agency-team-turnover. <br><br>Gerson, Jennifer. “Olivia Dunne’s Rise to Fame Is Fueling the Earning Power of College Athletes - but Who Is Keeping Her Safe?” <em>The 19th</em>, 14 Feb. 2023, 19thnews.org/2023/01/livvy-dunne-tiktok-lsu-gymnast-influencer-nil-policies/. <br><br>Gaydos, Ryan, and Fox News. “Legendary Basketball Coach Tara VanDerveer Takes Issue with How Popular Gymnast Olivia Dunne Earns Nil Deals.” <em>Fox News</em>, FOX News Network, 10 Nov. 2022, www.foxnews.com/sports/legendary-basketball-coach-tara-vanderveer-takes-issue-how-popular-gymnast-olivia-dunne-earns-nil-deals. <br><br>Ellner, Mark. “A Critical Look at Women’s Role in Physical Education and Sport in the 1930s.” <em>Educational Considerations</em>, Kansas State University, College of Education. <br><br>Peszek, Samantha. “This Is Actually so Scary and Disturbing and Cringey. I’m Embarrassed for Them... Pic.Twitter.Com/H23bbdbq9b.” <em>Twitter</em>, Twitter, 8 Jan. 2023, twitter.com/samanthapeszek/status/1611929895839453184?s=20. <br><br>Dewar, Victoria. “Sports Illustrated Covers Often Contribute to This Stereotype in the Way They Photograph the Athletes. #SPMA2P91 Pic.Twitter.Com/Iarkchqsjq.” <em>Twitter</em>, Twitter, 29 Jan. 2019, twitter.com/_victoriadewar/status/1090097743849242624. <br><br>“How Athletes Go Bankrupt at an Alarming Rate.” <em>American Bankruptcy Institute</em>, 5 Jan. 2018, www.abi.org/feed-item/how-athletes-go-bankrupt-at-an-alarming-rate. <br><br>Staff, TMZ. “Ex-NBA Star Antoine Walker -- ‘I’m Not Embarrassed’ ... about Blowing $110 Million.” <em>TMZ</em>, TMZ, 13 May 2019, www.tmz.com/2014/09/28/ex-nba-star-antoine-walker-i-was-robbed-three-times/. <br><br>Rusoff, Jane Wollman. “How Ex-NBA Star Antoine Walker Keeps Young Players from Repeating His Money Mistakes.” <em>ThinkAdvisor</em>, 18 Aug. 2021, www.thinkadvisor.com/2021/08/18/how-ex-nba-star-antoine-walker-keeps-young-players-from-repeating-his-money-mistakes/.&nbsp;</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-10-10 00:55:38 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/areynoso_2301/kuavvr54e54hzqer/wish/2738964444</guid>
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