https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz Which signal pathway mechanism fails, why does it fail, and how does it become harmful? en-us 2017-04-03 17:54:55 UTC 2024-04-07 01:54:37 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Folder.png brookebordona https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164431061 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1vxRG5RJobsTFlnUed80_Z0RukhAwZLL39-W17pfhDK0/edit

By: Brooke B., Khadijah H., Nazeeha A.]]> 2017-04-03 18:00:02 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164431061 brookebordona https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164431261 http://www.health.com/health/gallery/0,,20638735,00.html#jack-osbourne-0
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/multiple-sclerosis/diagnosis-treatment/treatment/txc-20131903
https://prezi.com/3kny6jzdqeld/multiple-sclerosis/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3869544/figure/f2/
http://www.nationalmssociety.org/What-is-MS/What-Causes-MS]]> 2017-04-03 18:00:34 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164431261 brookebordona https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164433460 There has been evidence of a MS susceptibility gene on Chromosome 6 in a region called the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) which contains genes that act as a switch for our immune system.]]> 2017-04-03 18:06:47 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164433460 anazeeha6 https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164435207 2017-04-03 18:11:53 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164435207 kaykaycasey123 https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164655451 What causes multiple sclerosis is damage to the myelin sheath; when the myelin sheath is damaged the nerve signals either slow down or stop all together. Nerve damage causes inflammation within the body caused by the immune cells attack the nervous system.]]> 2017-04-04 16:00:06 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164655451 kaykaycasey123 https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164658394 2017-04-04 16:08:54 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164658394 kaykaycasey123 https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164658922 Montel Williams (talk show host), Ann Romney (wife of 2012 Presidential nominee), and Jack Osbourne (Ozzy Osbourne's son)]]> 2017-04-04 16:10:30 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164658922 kaykaycasey123 https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164662443 Mainly auto-reactive T-CELLS contribute to the disease. Auto-antigens and super-antigens mimic or clone the T-CELLS that confuse the body into continuing the course of the disease. The t-cells attack the myelin sheath around the axons of neurons, affecting the signal pathways in the brain and body.]]> 2017-04-04 16:21:07 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164662443 kaykaycasey123 https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164665910 The gene involved in MS is the HLADR2 gene. Reorganization of the Na/K channels is what the body does to compensate for the myelin loss. Currently, multiple sclerosis is an incurable disease, however, there are drugs that treat symptoms and slow down the progression such as Interferon-Beta MOA, Glatiramer acetate MOA, Tysabri I MOA.

RESEARCH: Excess vitamin D is thought to help prevent MS because the occurrences of MS are higher away from the equator. Studies are being conducted in Australia on the link between vitamin D and MS.]]> 2017-04-04 16:31:43 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164665910 kaykaycasey123 https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164674188 2017-04-04 16:56:13 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164674188 brookebordona https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164693847 In MS, an abnormal immune-mediated response attacks the myelin coating around nerve fibers in the central nervous system, as well as the nerve fibers themselves.
RESEARCH: No pathogens have been proven to trigger MS, but studies are being conducted on more than a dozen microbes.
While MS is not hereditary, having a first-degree relative such as a parent or sibling with MS does significantly increase an individual's risk of developing the disease.]]> 2017-04-04 17:52:47 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164693847 brookebordona https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164695613 Living with pets
Exposure to heavy metals
Allergies
Physical Trauma
Aspartame (an artificial sweetener)

]]> 2017-04-04 17:57:59 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164695613 brookebordona https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164697379 We pledge to be honest and fair. We have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this project. BB, KH, NA]]> 2017-04-04 18:03:14 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164697379 brookebordona https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164699459 Neurons are supposed to transmit signals throughout the body and brain to allow the body to function, voluntary and autonomic. ]]> 2017-04-04 18:09:01 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164699459 brookebordona https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164700479 Primary: ligand-gated ion channel
- the ligand channels along the demyelinated sheath restricts any electrical activity along the axon, preventing the signal from passing down.
Secondary: calcium ions
-because the electrical activity is being restricted, calcium builds up within the cell, causing damage to the neurons.]]> 2017-04-04 18:11:51 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164700479 kaykaycasey123 https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164701558 2017-04-04 18:15:06 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164701558 kaykaycasey123 https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164773578 2017-04-05 02:46:36 UTC https://padlet.com/brookebordona/ksa7f2n5yllz/wish/164773578