Acute Pain

Chronic Pain

Acute Swelling

Myofascial trigger points

Muscle guarding

Muscle spasms

Acute muscle Strain

Acute ligament sprain

Acute contusion

Bursitis

Tenosynovitis

Tendinitis

Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)

Reducing Temperature

Raynaud's disease or phenomenon

Over an area with circulatory compromise

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

Hypersensitivity to cold

Cold intolerance

Cryoglobulinemia

Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria

Over a regenerating peripheral nerve

Over a superficial nerve

Hypertension

Impaired sensation or mentation

Patients who are very young or very old

Over an open wound

Subacute and chronic inflammatory conditions

Subacute or chronic pain

Decreased ROM

Facilitate healing

Muscle guarding

Muscle spasms

Myofascial trigger points

Subacute muscle strain

Subacute ligament sprain

Acute musculoskeletal conditions

Recent or potential hemorrhage

Thrombosis

Impaired sensation

Impaired mentation

Malignant tumor

Infrared irradiation of the eyes

Over an open wound

Pregnancy

Cardiac insufficiency

Impaired circulation

Poor thermal regulation

Edema

Metal in the area

Demyelinated nerves

Over areas where topical counterirritants have been applied

Acute/ post acute conditions (non thermal US)

Soft tissue healing and repair

Scar tissue

Joint contracture

Chronic inflammation

Increase extensibility of collagen

Reduction of muscle spasm

Pain modulation

Increase blood flow

Soft tissue repair

Increase in protein synthesis

Tissue regeneration

Bone healing

Inflammation associated with Myositis Ossificans

Plantar warts

Myofascial trigger points

Thermal US for acute/ post acute conditions

Thrombophlebitis

Eyes

Reproductive Organs

Pregnancy

Pacemaker or implanted cardiac rhythm device

Malignancy

Epiphyseal areas in young children

Total Joint Replacements

Central Nervous System tissue

Fractures (may cause pain and impair healing)

Post acute musculoskeletal injuries

Muscle guarding

Joint contractures

Myofascial trigger points

Pain management

Soft tissue healing

Nerve healing

Bone healing

Acute injury or inflammation

Areas with ischemia

Impaired sensation/mentation

Thrombosis

Fluid filled areas or organs

Joint effusion

Eyes

Contact lenses if treating near head

Over moist clothing and moist wound dressings

Malignancies

Testes

Pregnancy

Epiphyseal plates in children

Cardiac pacemakers and other implanted electronic medical devices

Intrauterine devices

Watches or jewelry on patients

Metal implants

Infection

Imparied circulation

Poor thermal regulation

Pelvic area during menstruation

Obesity

Facilitation of wound healing

Pain reduction

Increasing the tensile strength of a scar

Decreasing scar tissue

Decreasing inflammation

Bone healing and fracture consolidation

Directly over the eyes

Malignancy

Low back or abdomen during pregnancy

Within 4-6 months of radiation therapy

Over hemorrhaging areas

Over the thyroid glands

Epiphyseal plates in children

Impaired sensation or mentation

Light sensitivity

Tattoos

Acute, post acute, and chronic pain

Stimulation of denervated muscle

Retarding muscle atrophy

Muscle strengthening

Muscle reeducation

Stimulation of venous and lymphatic circulation

Management of edema

Muscle spasms

Muscle guarding

Wound, fracture, tendon, and ligament healing

Pacemaker, implanted cardiac defibrillator

Malignancy

Pregnancy

Placement of electrodes over carotid sinus

Areas where venous or arterial thrombosis or thrombophlebitis is present

Impaired sensation

Impaired mentation

Cardiac disease

Areas of skin irritation or open wounds

Muscle reeducation

Regaining neuromuscular control

Increasing isometric/ isotonic strength of a muscle

Relaxation of muscle spasms

Decreasing muscle guarding

Pain reduction

Psychological relaxation

Any musculoskeletal condition that a muscular contraction might exacerbate

Spinal disc bulge or herniation

Spinal nerve root impingement

Joint hypomobility

Subacute joint inflammation

Muscle spasms

Osteoporosis

Fractures

Where motion is contraindicated

Acute injury or inflammation

Joint hypermobility or instability

Peripheralization of symptoms with traction

Uncontrolled hypertension

Pregnancy

Positive vertebral artery test (cervical traction)

Structural diseases or conditions affecting spine (tumor, infection, rheumatoid arthritis, prolonged systemic steroid use)

Pressure of traction harness may be hazardous (Hiatal hernia, vascular compromise)

Displaced annular fragment

Medial disc protrusion

Disorientation

TMJ problems

Dentures

Claustrophobia

Inability to tolerate prone or supine position

Lymphedema

Traumatic edema

Chronic edema

Venous stasis ulcers

Wound healing following surgery

Prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Compartment syndromes

Peripheral vascular disease

Presense of DVT or thrombophlebitis

Local superficial infection

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

Acute pulmonary edema

Displaced fractures

Impaired sensation or mentation

Uncontrolled hypertension

Cancer

Superficial peripheral nerves

Increase coordination

Decrease pain

Decrease neuromuscular excitability

Stimulation circulation

Facilitate healing

Restore joint mobility

Alleviate muscle cramps

Increase blood flow

Increase venous return

Retard muscle atrophy

Increase ROM

Edema

Myofacsial trigger points

Scar tissue stretching

Adhesions

Muscle spasms

Myositis

Bursitis

Fibrositis

Tendinitis

Revascularization

Raynaud's disease

Intermittent claudication

Dysmenorrhea

Headaches

Migraines

Arteriosclerosis

Thrombosis

Embolism

Severe varicose veins

Acute phlebitis

Cellulitis

Synovitis

Skin infections

Cancers

Acute inflammatory conditions