Roaring Twenties by Aurora Dimas

Women's Roles

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-02 14:21:20 UTC

[ Social ]

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-02 14:29:25 UTC

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-02 14:30:06 UTC

The Flappers

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-02 14:32:49 UTC

^{Most young women started wearing the new fashions and accepted the urban attitudes of the day. Their hair was clipped up, and most dyed them jet black. Wanting to be more equal to men, they started smoking and drinking in public. Yet, this didn't change a lot of things. Magazines, newspapers and advertisements started to talk about flappers, viewing them as more like rebellious youth than widespread reality. The double standard was made as principles that made men have more sexual freedom than women. This also made women have stricter standards on their behavior. So, women still hadn't been able to get their rights, but soon they would succeed.}

The Workplace

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-03 13:58:12 UTC

^{As the booming industrial economy opened, many opportunities and jobs opened up for women, such as working in an office, factory, store and other professions.  Throughout the war, women had taken over jobs that had been for men, but after the soldiers started coming back, most businesses replaced women for men in jobs because men had to support their families financially. But there was still hope. Big businesses needed extensive correspondence and record keeping, requiring people in jobs such as typists, filing clerks, secretaries, stenographers, and office-machine operators. Other women started proving that they could do the same as men by flying airplanes, driving taxis and drilling oil wells. And even if they did have these new opportunities, they still earned less wages than men did.}

The Jazz Age

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-03 14:07:35 UTC

[ Cultural ]

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-03 14:14:10 UTC

The New Jazz

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-03 14:16:44 UTC

^{African Americans had started to make a move as writers and intellectuals, but they continued on as performers. Most started performances and grew big. Louis Armstrong was recognized for his astounding sense of rhythm and his ability to improvise. More after Louis started to grow, making the popularized "scat", which is an improvised jazz where you sing using sounds instead of words. This was the Harlem Renaissance, representing a portion of the great social  and cultural changes that swept America in the 1920s.}

Economic Boom

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-03 14:24:14 UTC

[ Economic ]

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-03 14:30:13 UTC

The Automobile

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-03 14:30:48 UTC

^{The automobile was a new creation that changed the American life. A new route, Route 66, was created from Chicago to California, allowing to people to travel far throughout it. Because of this, it also opened up new jobs in gasoline stations, repair shops, public garages, motels, tourist camps, and shopping centers. People were now not limited to jobs near home, and they could take vacations away from home. The effect of this was great, but not for the railroad industry. As automobiles grew, the railroad wasn't quite used to travel as much. Trucks took away the transport of goods, and cars took away the people wanting to travel far. This started leading to the railroad industry starting to go downhill.}

The Airplane

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-03 15:25:04 UTC

^{The railroad industry was already starting to go down, and so the airplane started pushing it down farther. As the post war year began, airplanes started being used as a form of transporting letters and mail. This meant that new jobs would open up as well. It had just started off as a mail carrying service. But to progress, when weather forecasts were made, airplanes also started bringing radios and navigational instruments. Both Charles Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart helped to bring more success by promoting cargo and commercial airlines. And now Pan American Airway was created as the first transatlantic passenger flights.}

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-03 15:30:26 UTC

Credit And Installment Plan

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-03 15:31:52 UTC

^{Americans started to own around 40% of the world's wealth, leading people to spend extra incomes. After this, electricity started being more used. Alternating electrical current allowed electricity to be distributed efficiently over long distances. All if the new electrical appliances made housewives work less harder, making the trend of women working outside more frequent. Most companies and farmers still suffered during this time. As most homes started getting more electrical appliances, most farms still lacked the power.  With more goods being created, advertising agencies started to hire psychologists to find out what appealed the crowd. People's desires mostly consisted of youthfulness, beauty, health and wealth. Slogans like "Say it with flowers," and "Reach for a Lucky instead of a sweet" started changing the way Americans lived. The creation of the Installment Plan, which allowed people to buy goods over extended period instead of having to pay all the money at the time of the purchase. Advertisers also pushed the Installment Plan with slogans, such as "You furnish the girl, we'll furnish the home" and "Enjoy while you pay."}

Harding's Presidency

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-04 14:13:33 UTC

[ Political ]

Harding's Tax Policy

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-04 14:14:42 UTC

^{After the war had ended, new conflicts came into play. Both Britain and France had to pay America the $10 billion they owed. In order to do this, they had to sell good to the US or collect the reparations from Germany. But, America accepted a new tariff called Fordney-McCumber Tariff. This raised taxes on some imports to 60%, which was the highest level it had ever been at. It protected US businesses, mostly in metal and chemical industries, from foreign competition, but that made it impossible for Britain and France to pay back its debt. Because of this, the two countries turned to Germany, which was going through inflation. American banker Charles G. Dawes helped everyone out. This became known as Dawes Plan, in which American Investors loaned Germany $2.5 billion to pay Britain and France with annual payments, which then the countries would pay back the United States. So, the United States had set this all up to earn its own money back. But, Britain and France then believed United States as a miser for not paying a fair share for the costs of World War I. The US had benefited from the defeat of Germany, whereas the two countries had gotten the victory with millions of lives. Yet the United States considered Britain and France financially irresponsible.}

His 'Friends'

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-04 14:23:29 UTC

^{Harding had allowed his friends, which were corrupt, to be in the offices. Most of them started taking advantage of this by getting wealthy through graft. Charles R. Forbes, head of the Veterans Bureau, had illegally sold government and hospital supplies to private companies, and Thomas W. Miller,  head of the Office of Alien Property, was caught taking a bribe. The most spectacular example was the Teapot Dome Scandal. The government had put aside oil-rich lands at Teapot Dome, Wyoming and Elk Hills, California, for the US Navy. Albert B. Fall, secretary of the Interior, managed to get the oil reserves moved from the navy to the Interior Department. He then secretly was able to sell the land to two private oil companies, including Henry Sinclair's Mammoth Oil Company. Fall claimed that it was the government's interest, but then received more than $400,000 in 'loans, bonds and cash.' He was found guilty later on for bribery, and was then the first American to be convicted of a felony while being in a cabinet post.}

The Great Migration

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-04 14:33:41 UTC

[ Social ]

aurora_dimas021 — 2018-01-04 14:35:21 UTC

^{During the 1920s, a lot of African Americans started moving to Northern cities. One of the factors of this is in search for jobs. Most Northern cities had not welcomed the massive crowd of African Americans. Tensions escalated, causing around 25 urban race riots. The  National Association for the Advancement of Colored People ( NAACP ) urged African Americans to protest against the racial violence. Even though they found their voice, they still faced treats and discrimination. They had hoped for a better life, but even the Northern cities felt unsure of  all of them coming.}