Friday group FC310 by Ayomide Omoni

TYPES OF LOGIC

markers1512 — 2019-09-27 09:12:26 UTC

FORMAL LOGIC

ayomideomoni2 — 2019-09-27 09:13:51 UTC

-> Deductive reasoning
-> What has to be true because something else is true
-> Used to deduce conclusions
-> Used in decision making
-> Used in problem solving
-> And artificial intelligence
Example: All squares are rectangles, rectangles have four sides, then all squares have four sides

INFORMAL LOGIC

ayomideomoni2 — 2019-09-27 09:14:17 UTC

-> Concerned with the argument that is not deductively valid
-> Also known as non-formal logic or critical thinking
-> Is commonly regarded as an alternative to formal or mathematical logic.
-> Usually contain little or no supportive evidence
-> Example: Rumours being that there’re aliens out there, but we lack some specific evidence to prove that

LOGICAL FORM

ayomideomoni2 — 2019-09-27 09:14:29 UTC

-> Structure
-> Key to assess whether an argument is valid
-> There are 2 types of logical forms.
Deductive=Formal Logic
Inductive=Informal Logic

ARISTOTELIAN LOGIC

ayomideomoni2 — 2019-09-27 09:14:43 UTC

-> Also known as traditional or syllogistic
-> Divides into categorical and non-categorical syllogistic
-> Non-categorical syllogism is a propositional logic that deals with unanalysed entire propositions. E.g. A is A'. B is not A. Therefore B is not A'
-> Categorical Syllogism: A categorical syllogism is an argument consisting of exactly three categorical propositions (two premises and a conclusion) in which there appear a total of exactly three categorical terms, each of which is used exactly twice. Example:

     No geese are felines.
     Some birds are geese.
     Therefore, Some birds are not felines.

LOGIC

ayomideomoni2 — 2019-09-27 09:28:30 UTC

-> The science of reasoning