Transcription by Martina https://padlet.com/khontaym/kjw5s1vtrep3z1x1 Сделано с теплыми объятиями en-us 2020-09-17 13:36:28 UTC 2025-10-07 22:40:58 UTC hello@padlet.com Promoter khontaym https://padlet.com/khontaym/kjw5s1vtrep3z1x1/wish/763076155 Template strand
Coding strand
Start codon
Stop codon
large subunit of ribosome
Small subunit of ribosome
Complementarity
mRNA
Decode
Codons
Triplets




]]> 2020-09-21 05:36:14 UTC https://padlet.com/khontaym/kjw5s1vtrep3z1x1/wish/763076155 https://padlet.com/khontaym/kjw5s1vtrep3z1x1/wish/783242107 RNA polymerase binds to a sequence of DNA called the promoter, found near the beginning of a gene. Each gene has its own promoter. Once bound, RNA polymerase separates the DNA strands, providing the single-stranded template needed for transcription. The promoter region comes before the transcribed region whose transcription it specifies. It contains recognition sites for RNA polymerase or its helper proteins to bind to. The DNA opens up in the promoter region so that RNA polymerase can begin transcription. ]]> 2020-09-28 03:47:03 UTC https://padlet.com/khontaym/kjw5s1vtrep3z1x1/wish/783242107 Once RNA polymerase is in position at the promoter, the next step of transcription—elongation—can begin. Basically, elongation is the stage when the RNA strand gets longer, thanks to the addition of new nucleotides. https://padlet.com/khontaym/kjw5s1vtrep3z1x1/wish/783243441 During elongation, RNA polymerase "walks" along one strand of DNA, known as the template strand, in the 3' to 5' direction. For each nucleotide in the template, RNA polymerase adds a matching (complementary) RNA nucleotide to the 3' end of the RNA strand.

The RNA transcript is nearly identical to the non-template, or coding, strand of DNA. However, RNA strands have the base uracil (U) in place of thymine (T), as well as a slightly different sugar in the nucleotide. So, as we can see in the diagram above, each T of the coding strand is replaced with a U in the RNA transcript.]]> 2020-09-28 03:48:04 UTC https://padlet.com/khontaym/kjw5s1vtrep3z1x1/wish/783243441 https://padlet.com/khontaym/kjw5s1vtrep3z1x1/wish/783247366 2020-09-28 03:50:56 UTC https://padlet.com/khontaym/kjw5s1vtrep3z1x1/wish/783247366 The elongation phase of transcription refers to the process through which nucleotides are added to the growing RNA chain. As the RNA polymerase moves down the DNA template strand, the open complex bubble moves also. The bubble is of a fixed number of nucleotides, meaning that at the leading end of the bubble the DNA helix is being unwound, while at its trailing end the single strands are being rejoined. Whereas separation of the DNA helix is permanent in replication, it is only temporary in transcription. depicts the beginning steps in transcription up to elongation and the relative positions of the bubble and the polymerase holoenzyme. https://padlet.com/khontaym/kjw5s1vtrep3z1x1/wish/783287411 2020-09-28 04:19:37 UTC https://padlet.com/khontaym/kjw5s1vtrep3z1x1/wish/783287411 TERMINATION https://padlet.com/khontaym/kjw5s1vtrep3z1x1/wish/2722517988 Termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when RNA polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene

Termination is required for preventing the inappropriate transcription of downstream genes, and for recycling of the polymerase.
Transcription termination occurs in a reaction coupled to RNA 3′-end processing. 
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