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      <title>Ingredients in pastry by Alfonso Santiago Hesiquio</title>
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      <pubDate>2025-10-14 04:41:18 UTC</pubDate>
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         <author>alfonsosantiagohesiquio</author>
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         <description><![CDATA[<p><br></p><blockquote><p><strong>Introduction</strong><br>Pastry is one of the most delicate and fascinating branches of gastronomy. Every cake, tart, or puff pastry is the result of precise ingredient interactions that transform raw elements into art. We chose this topic because mastering ingredient knowledge allows pastry chefs not only to replicate classic recipes but also to innovate, troubleshoot, and adapt to dietary trends. By exploring essential and special pastry ingredients, this project highlights both tradition and modern science, inviting readers to discover the invisible mechanisms behind every successful pastry.</p></blockquote>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-10-14 04:51:03 UTC</pubDate>
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         <pubDate>2025-10-14 04:53:34 UTC</pubDate>
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         <author>alfonsosantiagohesiquio</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/alfonsosantiagohesiquio/khfw4owopp1ob8qs/wish/3631706194</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>Paola Sayuri Cruz Lara</p><p>Alfonso Santiago Hesiquio </p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-10-14 13:29:37 UTC</pubDate>
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         <author>alfonsosantiagohesiquio</author>
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         <pubDate>2025-10-15 01:43:36 UTC</pubDate>
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         <author>alfonsosantiagohesiquio</author>
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         <pubDate>2025-10-15 01:58:09 UTC</pubDate>
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         <author>alfonsosantiagohesiquio</author>
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         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>Conclusions</strong><br>Through this exploration, we confirmed that pastry ingredients are not interchangeable commodities but precise tools that determine product quality. Flour structures, fats tenderize, sugars sweeten and color, while eggs and liquids orchestrate balance. Special ingredients and additives extend possibilities for creativity, health adaptations, and industry innovation. In conclusion, knowledge of pastry ingredients empowers chefs to combine science and artistry, ensuring that pastries remain both timeless and relevant in a changing culinary landscape.</p>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-10-15 02:00:06 UTC</pubDate>
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         <description><![CDATA[<p><strong>References</strong></p><ul><li><p>Campbell, G. M., Moureh, J., &amp; Sadd, P. A. (2022). <em>Bakery products: Science and technology</em>. Wiley-Blackwell.</p></li><li><p>Coultate, T., &amp; Blackburn, R. S. (2018). <em>Food: The chemistry of its components</em>. Royal Society of Chemistry.</p></li><li><p>Gómez, M., Oliete, B., &amp; Caballero, P. (2020). Fat functionality in bakery products. <em>Food Research International, 131</em>, 109023. <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109023">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109023</a></p></li><li><p>Wilderjans, T. F., Luyts, A., Brijs, K., &amp; Delcour, J. A. (2013). Ingredient functionality in batter-type cake making. <em>Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 12</em>(5), 471–486. <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12021">https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12021</a></p></li><li><p>Cornejo, F., Bustos, F., &amp; Bouchon, P. (2020). Gas cell stabilization in dough systems. <em>Food Hydrocolloids, 103</em>, 105709. <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105709">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105709</a></p></li><li><p>de Man, J. M. (2019). <em>Principles of food chemistry</em> (4th ed.). Springer.</p></li><li><p>EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources Added to Food (ANS). (2017). Scientific opinion on the re-evaluation of food additives. <em>EFSA Journal, 15</em>(1), 4663. <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4663">https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4663</a></p></li><li><p>Ghoshal, G., &amp; Prabhakar, P. (2021). Hydrocolloids in bakery: A review. <em>Food Reviews International, 37</em>(8), 752–770. <a rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2019.1649675">https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2019.1649675</a></p></li><li><p>Kearsley, M. W., &amp; Deis, R. C. (2016). <em>Handbook of sweeteners</em>. Springer.</p></li></ul>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2025-10-15 02:01:57 UTC</pubDate>
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