Unit 11 Padlet by https://padlet.com/samanthait6982/kdhnxkd7tpq6 Made with no regrets, whatsoever en-us 2017-04-07 15:18:19 UTC 2017-04-12 15:20:42 UTC hello@padlet.com 4/7/17 samanthait6982 https://padlet.com/samanthait6982/kdhnxkd7tpq6/wish/165411802 Social Psychology- the study of how we think about, influence, and relate to each other
The Attribution Theory- the theory that examines our tendency to make sense of other people's behavior... Is behavior a result of the situation the person is in or their individual traits?
Ex: a person cuts you in the movie: situational- they were in a hurry
personal- the person is a jerk
Antecedent- information about person/situation prior to circumstance
Attribution- what we believe caused the behavior
-Personal (dispositional)- blaming the person's character
-Situational- blaming the circumstance or external factors
Biases in Attributions
-Just-World Phenomenon- assumption that bad things happen to bad people and vice versa
-Fundamental Attribution Error- overemphasize personal attributions for others and underestimate them for ourselves
-Self-Serving Bias- attribute successes to ourselves and failures to other situations
Ex: did well on test- i'm smart. failed test- the teacher didn't teach me
Attitudes and Behavior
Attitude- stable organization of beliefs, feelings, and tendencies toward someone or something
ABCs of Attitudes- affect(feeling of love, hate dislike...), behavior(approach, avoid), cognition (facts, opinions...)
Conformity- changing behavior to match that of the group
Cognitive Dissonance- attitudes and behaviors and inconsistent; we're motivated to decrease this tension
Obedience- compliance with an explicit demand to change behavior from an authority figure
Prejudice- intolerant, unfavorable, and rigid attitude toward a group of people, can be artificially induced (brown eyes/blue eyes)
Discrimination- actions that deny opportunities and social esteem to an entire group of people or individual members of that group]]> 2017-04-07 15:22:06 UTC https://padlet.com/samanthait6982/kdhnxkd7tpq6/wish/165411802 4/10/17 samanthait6982 https://padlet.com/samanthait6982/kdhnxkd7tpq6/wish/165697466 I can understand Prisoners Dilemma
cognitive dissonance- there is a tendency for individuals to seek consistency among their cognitions. When there is an inconsistency between attitudes or behaviors (dissonance), something must change to eliminate the dissonance.
-Leon Festinger- "I smoke and it's bad for my health"
Attribution- Fritz Heider
Harold Kelley's 3 Criteria to judge behavior
1. Distinctiveness- how similar is this situation to other's situations?
2. Consistency- do individuals act similarly in same situation over time?
3. Consensus- how do others in the same situation respond?
Compliance- how we respond to a request
-Low-ball technique- similar to framing. Ex: when prices appear lower but actually is relatively the same amoutn raises sales/amount of compliance
-foot-in-the-door technique- the tendency for people to comply with a small request and later be more likely to comply with a larger request
-door-in-the-face technique- a reasonably larger request refused will increase the likelihood of a smaller related request being accepted
Attraction is closely linked to:
Proximity (#1)
-Mere exposure effect (mcdonalds)
initial perceptiosn
similarities- attitudes, interest, values, beliefs, and backgrounds
physical attractiveness- matching hypothesis, halo effect
reward theory- max. rewards, min. cost
reciprocity- we like people who like us
Social Norms
-expected behavior that is adhered to by group members
-social obligations
-explicit norms- talked about
-implicit norms- not spoken of, typically learn of these through violations
Social loafing- tendency for people to put forth less effort when working with a group towards a common goal
Group Polarization- discussion with like-minded people strengthens pre-existing beliefs
Groupthink- thinking or making decisions as a group that discourages individualism and creative thinking, individuals hesitant to voice opposition
]]> 2017-04-10 15:17:03 UTC https://padlet.com/samanthait6982/kdhnxkd7tpq6/wish/165697466 4/11/17 samanthait6982 https://padlet.com/samanthait6982/kdhnxkd7tpq6/wish/165909299 I can begin to prepare for last unit test
Deindividuation (prison)- lower sense of self-awareness in a crowd, increases arousal, decreases sense of responsibility (doing something you would not normally do because you are in a group)
Social Facilitation- improved performance of tasks in presence of others, simple well-rehearsed/learned tasks
Social Impairment- occurs when an individual acts in a less positive way or performs worse when they are around others]]> 2017-04-11 15:24:55 UTC https://padlet.com/samanthait6982/kdhnxkd7tpq6/wish/165909299 4/12/17 samanthait6982 https://padlet.com/samanthait6982/kdhnxkd7tpq6/wish/166094024 Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis- the view that frustration, or failure to reach a certain desired goal due to circumstance, often leads to aggression, or behavior which intends harm
Ex: after a football game, fans of the losing team are more likely to feel aggressive than fans of the winning team
Altruism- acting with an unselfish regard for others using helping behavior
Diffusion of Responsibility- Kitty
Darley and Latane- the IV of the study was the number of bystanders that the participant thought listened to the same discussion. The DV was the time it took for the participants to react to the victim's fit and contact the experimenter. No control group and 1 or more people in the group were the experimental groups.
To help or not to help- diffusion or responsibility
Milgrim- obedience to authority, tested how far a subject would shock another when told to do so by authority despite the subject knowing they were inflicting pain on the other
Asch- conformity, line test- a subject was asked which lines were equal after others would say the wrong answer before them
Zimbardo- Stanford Prison Experiment. Individuation

]]> 2017-04-12 15:03:02 UTC https://padlet.com/samanthait6982/kdhnxkd7tpq6/wish/166094024