Chapter 8 by Morgan Joyce https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc en-us 2021-10-07 16:04:13 UTC 2021-10-12 20:27:52 UTC hello@padlet.com 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800345393 2021-10-07 16:12:14 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800345393 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800351624 2021-10-07 16:14:00 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800351624 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800354462 2021-10-07 16:15:04 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800354462 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800359181 2021-10-07 16:16:51 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800359181 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800361083 2021-10-07 16:17:33 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800361083 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800362430 2021-10-07 16:18:02 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800362430 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800363215 2021-10-07 16:18:20 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800363215 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800364711 2021-10-07 16:18:53 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800364711 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800372796 2021-10-07 16:21:42 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800372796 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800376938 2021-10-07 16:23:13 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800376938 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800381662 2021-10-07 16:24:56 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800381662 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800386973 2021-10-07 16:26:42 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800386973 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800396669 Napoleon of France invaded Portugal and Spain. The Portuguese rulers fled to Brazil.  The colonists wanted much 
more freedom from Spain. They began to see the imprisonment of their monarch as a chance to gain independence. Spain was determined to hold on to its New World colonies. The two sides fought many bloody battles in Central and South America. Spain’s colonies fought a long, hard war for independence. In Brazil, it was different.  The colony became independent more peacefully. Prince John VI, the future Portuguese monarch, escaped Napoleon and moved to Brazil. In 1815, John VI announced that Brazil would be a kingdom, on equal footing in the Portuguese Empire with the kingdom of Portugal itself.  
 
 

]]> 2021-10-07 16:29:50 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1800396669 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1808036101 Giuseppe Mazzini and Giuseppe Garibaldi failed to create an Italy united under democracy. Camillo di Cavour used tools of realpolitik to unite Italy.]]> 2021-10-11 15:33:14 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1808036101 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1808039974 Otto von Bismarck pushed for German unification through "Blood and Iron". ]]> 2021-10-11 15:34:22 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1808039974 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1808049768 Mexico had been under Spanish control and didn't challenge it until Napoleon's occupation of Spain. Mexican priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla launched a revolt. Hidalgo declared war on the colonial government. The rebels fled to the U.S.-Mexico border but were captured by the Spanish army. Hidalgo was put on trial and killed. With Hidalgo gone, the rebels needed a new leader, and José María Morelos was chosen. Who would lead them to victory.

]]> 2021-10-11 15:37:22 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1808049768 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1811829072  Otto von Bismarck, then Minister-President of Prussia, provoked three short, decisive wars against Denmark, Austria, and France, aligning the smaller German states behind Prussia in its defeat of France. In 1871 he unified Germany into a nation-state, forming the German Empire.]]> 2021-10-12 19:27:07 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1811829072 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1811841010  Italian Unification was a political and social movement that consolidated different states of the Italian peninsula into a single state of the Kingdom of Italy in the 19th century.]]> 2021-10-12 19:32:24 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1811841010 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1811847169 The Mexican War of Independence was a war between the people of Mexico and the Spanish colonial government. It started on 16 September 1810 since Mexican-born Spaniards, Mestizos, and Amerindians wanted their independence from Spain. Martín Cortés led a revolt against the Spanish government.]]> 2021-10-12 19:35:28 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1811847169 25joycemorgan https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1811851668 In 1820, the constitutionalists rose up in revolution, created a constitution, and forced the return of the Portuguese King. On September 7, 1822, Prince Dom Pedro declared Brazil's independence from Portugal, founding the Empire of Brazil, which led to a two-year war of independence.]]> 2021-10-12 19:37:44 UTC https://padlet.com/25joycemorgan/kall8fjuwn9lxhlc/wish/1811851668