AP Psychology: Motivation by Valeria https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp unit 6 en-us 2017-01-10 15:41:24 UTC 2026-03-25 02:10:37 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Growing.png Motivation: valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146283816
  • Need or desire that directs behavior
  • Incentive Theory: Positive or negative environmental stimuli that motivate behavior
  • Physiological vs. Psychological: hunger drives us to eat, fatigue drives us to rest
    • ]]>     2017-01-10 15:41:47 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146283816     Drive-Reduction Theory: valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146284804
  • A physical need creates a drive to satisfy the need
    • Ex. Money does not itself satisfy any biological or psychological need but it reduces such other drives on a regular basis simply the receipt of a pay check
  • Person likely to be:
    • Problem centered 
    • Highly creative
    • Take responsibility and work hard
    • Have strong moral/ethical standards 
    • Honest and avoid pretense
    • ]]>     2017-01-10 15:44:10 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146284804     Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146285381 Pyramid of human needs, each need must be met successfully to move up; ends with self actualization]]> 2017-01-10 15:45:46 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146285381 Hunger Drive/Weight Disorders: valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146286676
  • Both internal and external reasons for hunger 
    • Anorexia
    • Bulimia
    • Obesity
    • ]]>     2017-01-10 15:48:56 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146286676     Thirst Drive: valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146286908
  • Reduction of fluid in and outside of cell caused by sodium; 
    • reasons of habitual, cultural and psychogenetic
    • ]]>     2017-01-10 15:49:25 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146286908     Sexual Response Cycle: valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146287446
  • Four stages of sexual responding: 
    • Excitement 
    • Plateau
    • Orgasm
    • Resolution
    • ]]>     2017-01-10 15:50:48 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146287446     Psychology of Sex: valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146287792
  • what motivates sex? 
    • men and women respond to the same stimuli
  • sexual disorder: problems that consistently impair sexual functioning
    • sexual orientation: sexual attraction to members of a particular gender
    ]]>     2017-01-10 15:51:36 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146287792     valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146288210 need to belong: harlow; we need people, we have a need for acceptance, we will change our action to fit in with certain groups

    ]]>     2017-01-10 15:52:41 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146288210     valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146288524 achievement motivation: desire for significant accomplishment
    extrinsic- desire to perform a behavior for reward or to avoid punishment
    intrinsic- desire to perform a behavior for your own sake]]>     2017-01-10 15:53:41 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146288524     leadership style valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146289163 task v social: task; forcuses on goals, sets standards (dictator). social; mediates conflict builds teamwork (democratic)

    theory x v theory y: x; constant monitoring of workers, hovers. y; intrinsic motivation, share control

    industrial organizational psych: studies how managers can best enhance the workplace]]>     2017-01-10 15:55:26 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146289163     conflict motivation valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146537027 sometimes what you want to do in a situation is clear to you but at other times you no doubt find yourself coflicted about what choice to make
    approach-approach conflict: occurs when you must choose between two desirable outcomes
    avoidance-avoidance conflict: occurs when you must choose between two unattractive outcomes
    approach-avoidance conflict: exists when one event or goal has both attractive and unattractive features
    multiple approach-avoidance conflicts: here you must choose between two or more things, each of which has both desirable and undesirable features]]>     2017-01-11 15:23:46 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146537027     theories of emotion valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146539339
  • James-Lange Theory: arousal come before the emotion (pounding heart...fear)
    • stimulus>physical change>emotion
  • Cannon-Bard Theory: the arousal comes at the same times as the emotion
    • stimulus>emotion&physical change
  • Schachter-Singer Theory: arousal paired with a cognitive label, then the emotion
    • stimulus>cognitive label&physical change>emotion
  • opponent process theory: emotions are in pairs (fear/relief; pleasure/pain; depression/elation) 
    • ]]>     2017-01-11 15:29:02 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146539339     More Theories: valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146811849
  • Izard Theory: 10 basic emotions, cross cultural, present in infancy, all other emotions are a combination of the original 10. 
    • 6 basic emotions:
      • Joy
      • Anger
      • Disgust 
      • Surprise 
      • Sadness
      • Fear
  • Ekman's Theory: facial muscles are used to indicate emotion and are universal
    • ]]>     2017-01-12 15:26:28 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146811849     benefits to smiling: valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146814947 more attractive
    successful
    stronger immune system
    lower stress
    lower age]]>     2017-01-12 15:33:29 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146814947     forced smiling: valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146816044 research suggest that facial expression partially drives emotion
    forced smiling helps to control stress
    participants with the forced duchene smiles had lower heart rates
    following the stressful tasks and their heart rates recovered more quickly]]>     2017-01-12 15:36:19 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146816044     learned motives: valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146816662 form of social motives but learned through modeling/observation of others
    aggression:
    intent to inflict harm or pain, connection to learned helplessness
    achievement:
    need to excel or overcome obstacles
    highly motivated children & upbringing, "early independence & encouragement"
    emotional & cognitive roots (w/ future achievement, birth order, and creativity)]]>     2017-01-12 15:38:10 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146816662     stimulus motives valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146817103 unlearned motives that encourage exploration of world (used to obtain information on the world...even when bored)]]> 2017-01-12 15:39:23 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146817103 yerkes-dodson theory valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146820471
  • optimum stress necessary for optimum performance
    • too much stress=bad
    • too little=bad
      right
    • amount=positive/optimal performance
    • ]]>     2017-01-12 15:48:45 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146820471     theory x valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146963452 attitude:
    dislike work, find it boring, will avoid if we can
    direction:
    must be forced or coerced into compliance
    responsibility:
    need to be directed, avoid responsibility
    motivation:
    motivated by fear, lack of money, lack of job security
    creativity:
    little creativity, except when getting around rules]]>     2017-01-13 04:27:46 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146963452     theory y valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146963558 attitude:
    need to work, want to take an interest, we can enjoy it
    direction:
    direct ourselves towards an accepted target
    responsibility:
    thrive on responsibility
    motivation:
    motivated by desire of self-development and to contribute to the world
    creativity:
    highly creative when given recognition and opportunity]]>     2017-01-13 04:30:30 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146963558     genuine smile v standard smile valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146963736
  • studies by duchene
  • genuine smile:
    • closed eyes, 
    • crows feet, 
    • lower teeth covered by lips
  • standard smile:
    • open eyes, 
    • less pronounced crows feet, 
    • lower teeth exposed
    • ]]>     2017-01-13 04:34:51 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146963736     stress responses valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146964099 adaptive-level phenomenon: ability to form judgments of sounds, lights, based on prior experience
    positive psychology: study of optimal human functioning. aims to promote conditions that allow people to thrive
    general adaption syndrome: process through which we respond to certain stressful events (alarm, resistance, exhaustion)
    type a personality: competitive, desires to be recognized, longs for development and advancement, wants to achieve goals and therefore, tends to rush in order for him to finish the tasks assigned to him/her. (prone to illness)
    type b personality: described as calm, relaxed, and non-competitive]]>     2017-01-13 04:43:44 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146964099     3 theories for hunger drive valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146964451 physiological: it's all based on your body regulating how much and what you eat
    levels of glucose
    pancreas senses glucose level
    low glucose/high insulin encourages hunger
    hypothalamus
    lateral hypothalamus (sides, stimulates hunger)
    triggers hormone orexin
    ventromedial hypothalamus (lower/middle, satiety center, depress hunger)
    stomach/intestines
    stomach receptors sense calories/amount of food, triggers hormone grelin
    increases food intake
    small intestine (stimulates satiety center)
    hormone leptin
    decreases food intake]]>     2017-01-13 04:54:07 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146964451     thirst drive: drive to drink water valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146964620 hypertonicity: cellular dehydration acts because of osmoreceptor in hypothalamus
    hypotension: high-pressure baroreceptors in carotid sinus and aorta sense it
    renin can be released in renal hypotension]]>     2017-01-13 04:58:17 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146964620     sodium stimulates valeriaalv0582 https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146964666 inside cells
    monitors in cells detect water level
    salt causes cells to lose water
    activates hypothalamus
    outside cells
    extracellular fluid detected through kidneys if low increases thirst]]>     2017-01-13 05:00:12 UTC https://padlet.com/valeriaalv0582/k7446emrurmp/wish/146964666