Rocks/gravel, sand, and rocky sand.

Deserts cover 1/5 of Earth's surface. Since the only qualification is that they get less than 10 inches of rainfall a year, deserts are found on every continent. However, they are almost always landlocked and most commonly found at 30 degrees North as seen in the Sahara.

Both flora and fauna have adapted to life in the desert. Plants conserve water like cacti that have enlarged stems to store water, as well as spines to protect from  animals. Animals such as the black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus) are also adapted to life in the desert: Their extra-long ears help to transfer out excess heat from their body into the air. (https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/desert-biome/) 

Flora is dominant but fauna is also very present. Giant trees provide a layer of vegetation that prevents much of the sunlight from reaching the ground. Thick, woody vines are also found in the canopy.  The middle layer, or understory, is made up of vines, smaller trees, ferns, and palms. A large number of plants from this level are used as common houseplants. Because of the small amount of sunlight and rainfall these plants receive, they adapt easily to home environments.

Sand, grass, top soil, and rock are most prevalent. 

"Most common at mid-latitudes and near the interiors of continents. (https://www.thoughtco.com/overview-of-the-grassland-biome-130169)"

Grasslands are typically north of  the Tropic of Cancer,  specifically at 23.5 degrees north in latitude, and south of the Tropic of Capricorn, specifically at 23.5 degrees south in latitude. (https://www.eartheclipse.com/ecosystem/temperate-grassland-biome.html)  Days are long and hot, as there are no mountains to shield from the blazing sun.

Flora (wild grasses) are most prevalent in grasslands. They are the dominant vegetation that is home to many fauna, including insects, birds, toads, and small mammals.

Soil and mountians are commonly found to provide for the trees.

Most occur around 60 degrees North. As the seasons change, leaves lose their leaves and grow new ones in the spring. 

Flora is most present, but supports a lot of fauna. Since the change in seasons are so drastic, these organisms grow and shed layers respectably. Mammals grow fur, and trees grow leave, when they then drop in order to save energy through the winter.

Snow, frost, ice and rock are most common. Usually found in the Artic and antartic circles, tundras are frozen biomes of permefrost and ice, all year round. Due to lack of sun exposure, the temperature stays below 0 degrees C for 6-10 months of the year.

With almost no flora since its an ice desert, the limited fauna that can survive there do so by extreme measures. Thick layers of flubber and fur keep some animals warm, while others burrow into the snow for protection from the wind.

Both flora and fauna are present, and both are heavily adapted to the chilly weather. Elk and the grey wolf have thick coats of fur to keep them warm, while evergreens take any sun they can get by staying green all year round.

2.  Cellular Respiration: Cellular respiration takes in glucose and oxygen and puts out energy and carbon into the atmosphere. 

3.  Consumption: Usually demonstrated as animals eating, consumption is the act of taking something in for energy. For example, a ground squirrel eating wild grasses and nuts.

4.  Decomposition: Throwback to the Wild Wild West with tumble weeds and oxen skulls in the middle of the desert. Decomposition is self descriptive; decomposing matter. A hawk might leave behind the rejects of a rabbit it killed to decomposed and be reabsorbed into the earth.

5.  Decay: Abiotic matter that is broken down to provide the earth with nutrients.

6.  Burning:  Whether it be brush or fossil fuels, burning anything is a chemical change that releases carbon back into the atmosphere.

Absorption: when nitrogen is absorbed by the soil, bacteria help it to change states so it can be absorbed by plants.

Consumption: Animals get their nitrogen from plants.

Decomposition: Animals die and decompose, returning the nitrogen to the bacteria in the soil.

Denitrification: reduction of soil nitrate to nitrogen-containing gases, such as nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, and nitrogen gas, takes place.

It takes a lot of time for the environment to be able to support any kind of life at all, especially after secondary succession. Look at the fires in California and Australia. The grounds are bare and bone dry, as they will stay for a long time.

Deforestation is a common human-induced secondary succession, especially in the Amazon Rainforest. If deforestation continues, by 2030 the forest will have lost 27% of its trees, which support all forms of life. This insane lose of habitat accounts for a secondary succession that will take centuries to fix.