Assessment Types by eugene kim https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81 Cohort 16 en-us 2023-05-30 10:48:21 UTC 2025-11-14 21:58:55 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/270f.png What are observational assessments? michellekimhoffman https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2609993833 Observation is a systematic process of collecting information on children by watching them. Information recorded from observations can be used to:
  • Make curriculum and instruction decision
  • Select instructional materials
  • Assess developmental progress
  • Decide on how to group children
  • Decide when, if, or how to use formal tests
  • Provide a baseline for deciding whether or not to recommend a child for formal study.
]]> 2023-05-31 03:42:12 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2609993833 Performance Assessments: Overview jesshowell1 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2610365951  Writing for Medium, Susan Brookhart says that "as opposed to tests, which gather evidence about students' conceptual knowledge, performance assessments gather evidence about what a student can do with their knowledge." (Brookhart). An effective performance assessment will allow students to apply knowledge to solve a problem or demonstrate a skill. Also called project assessments, in performance assessments students demonstrate or construct something, which is then assessed through observation and judgement in conjunction with a rubric.]]> 2023-05-31 09:59:08 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2610365951 Why use performance assessments? jesshowell1 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2610379931 Writing the Education Development Center, Jessica Bailey provides several reasons why performance assessments are important in the classroom. "Performance assessments allow students to play an active role in the assessment process." (Bailey). Any opportunity to empower students through their choices should be embraced. The role the students take and the choices they make in their performance assessments paves more ground for them to take ownership of their learning. Aside from being more involved with the assessment, Baily mentions several ways students collaborate with their teachers:

- Co-establish success criteria
- Co-develop rubrics
- Choose the topic
- Choose a way to demonstrate learning
- Provide peer feedback
-Reflect on their experience 
- Self-assess and/or peer-assess (Bailey)

Student collaboration deepens knowledge of standards and performance outcomes that are both being taught and assessed.]]> 2023-05-31 10:16:20 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2610379931 Examples of Performance Assessments jesshowell1 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2610389577 Examples of performance, or project, assessments include:

Broad:
- Essays
- Projects 
- Demonstrations
- Portfolios

Specific:
- Creating a newspaper
- Acting in a play
- Creating a sustainability project
- Debates
- Oral reports
- Drawing interpretation of a character]]> 2023-05-31 10:29:22 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2610389577 References: jesshowell1 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2610391911 Brookhart, Susan. “Performance Assessment: What Is It and Why Use It?” Medium, 6 May 2021, medium.com/inspired-ideas-prek-12/performance-assessment-what-is-it-and-why-use-it-1394712c5d3.

Bailey, Jessica. “Engaging Students through Performance Assessment.” EDC, 2 Nov. 2020, www.edc.org/blog/engaging-students-through-performance-assessment#:~:text=Performance%20assessment%20allows%20students%20to,in%20turn%2C%20enhances%20their%20learning.&text=Assessments%20can%20be%20designed%20so,way%20to%20demonstrate%20their%20understanding. ]]> 2023-05-31 10:32:32 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2610391911 What is peer assessment? maggiewong9 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2611150523 Peer assessment involves students evaluating the work or performance of their classmates. It is used to promote active learning, self-reflection, and the development of critical thinking skills. Peer assessment allows students to provide feedback, assess their peers' work against given criteria, and engage in collaborative learning. It also encourages students to take responsibility for their own learning and gain a deeper understanding of the subject matter. ]]> 2023-06-01 01:24:58 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2611150523 Example maggiewong9 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2611151425 In the context of music, peer assessment can be implemented by having students listen to and provide feedback on their classmates' musical performances. Each student could be assigned a few peers' performances to evaluate, considering elements such as accuracy, tone quality, interpretation, and expression. They could provide constructive feedback and suggestions for improvement based on the criteria provided.]]> 2023-06-01 01:25:43 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2611151425 Why use peer assessment? maggiewong9 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2611156483
  • Clarifying assignment goals and criteria: Peer assessment requires students to closely examine assignment criteria and apply them to multiple examples. This practice helps students understand assessment criteria and become aware of the traits that distinguish successful performance.
  • Learning through giving feedback: Providing constructive feedback engages students in complex problem-solving processes, helping them diagnose problems and suggest solutions. Elaborated feedback that describes problems and offers scaffolded solutions has been shown to benefit student learning.
  • Active engagement: Peer assessment engages students in the feedback process, promoting active learning and motivating them to use feedback to improve their work. It provides opportunities for earlier feedback, revision, and the incorporation of learned knowledge into subsequent assignments.
  • Increased critical engagement with assignments: Peer assessment prompts students to think critically about assignments, review, summarize, diagnose misconceptions, and consider deviations from the ideal. These activities reinforce and deepen learning.
    • ]]>     2023-06-01 01:30:12 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2611156483     References maggiewong9 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2611165050 Ideas and Strategies for Peer Assessments. (n.d.). Retrieved 1 June 2023, from https://isit.arts.ubc.ca/ideas-and-strategies-for-peer-assessments/
    Ideas and Strategies for Peer Assessments. (n.d.). Retrieved 1 June 2023, from https://isit.arts.ubc.ca/ideas-and-strategies-for-peer-assessments/

    ]]>     2023-06-01 01:38:06 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2611165050     Types of peer assessments maggiewong9 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2611187957
  • Formative Feedback:
    • Students provide constructive feedback on drafts.
    • Feedback is used for revisions before submitting the final product.
    • Instructor or TA gives the final grade.
    • Can be done in-class or using online tools.
  • Peer Grading:
    • Students assign grades to their peers.
    • Online tools randomly distribute assignments for peer review.
    • Peer grading based on assessment criteria and rubric.
    • Final scores calculated from median values of peer grades.
  • Peer Assessment of Group Work Participation:
    • Peer assessment used to supplement instructor grades for group assignments.
    • Students evaluate group members' participation using a rubric.
    • Instructor incorporates peer evaluations to determine individual participation grades.

    • ]]>     2023-06-01 02:00:16 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2611187957     Assessment of, as, and for learning shiqihuang1 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2612842520 Assessment for learning is a powerful tool for promoting student growth and success, and can have a significant impact on student achievement. By providing ongoing feedback and support, teachers can help students reach their full potential and achieve their academic goals.

    Assessment as learning, also known as formative assessment, is a process that actively involves students in reflecting on their learning, monitoring their own progress, and taking ownership of their academic growth.

    Assessment of learning, also known as summative assessment, is a process that involves teachers using evidence of student learning to make judgements about student achievement. This approach provides an opportunity to report evidence of achievement related to curricular outcomes, allowing teachers to determine whether students have met the learning objectives for a particular unit or course. Summative assessment occurs at the end of a learning cycle using a variety of tools, such as exams, projects, or assignments, to gather evidence of student learning.




    ]]>     2023-06-02 10:46:18 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2612842520     Examples of assessment for and of learning shiqihuang1 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2612845695 Summative assessment is the assessment of learning. Teachers use summative assessment when they are assessing how far a child has come and what they have achieved. Examples include end of topic tests, GSCEs, and A Levels. 

    Assessment for Learning examples：
    1 – Round the Room Questioning
    2 – Whole-Class Questioning 
    3 – Peer and Self-Assessment ]]>     2023-06-02 10:51:16 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2612845695     National Understanding of Assessment OF/FOR/AS Learning shiqihuang1 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2612847998 https://www.teachingandlearning.ie/our-priorities/student-success/assessment-of-for-as-learning/

    ]]>     2023-06-02 10:53:58 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2612847998     Types of observational assessments michellekimhoffman https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614532660
  • Anecdotal records
  • Functional Behaviour Assessment 
  • Running records
  • Checklists 
  • Rating scales
    • Above is an example of a rating scale. Rating scales state the criteria and provide three or four response selections to describe the quality or frequency of student work. Teachers can use rating scales to record observations and students can use them as self-assessment tools.
    ]]>     2023-06-05 08:07:50 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614532660     Everything you need to know about observational assessments michellekimhoffman https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614535668 The linked video is a fantastic resource to look into. In it the presenter describes what we can learn about children by carefully watching them, listening to them, and studying their work. This video can teach you how to document factual observations, and how to interpret the documented evidence to make instructional decisions.]]> 2023-06-05 08:11:54 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614535668 References michellekimhoffman https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614539568 Checklists, Rating Scales and Rubrics (Assessment). (n.d.). https://www.learnalberta.ca/content/mewa/html/assessment/checklists.html#:~:text=Rating%20scales%20state%20the%20criteria,them%20as%20self%2Dassessment%20tools.

    Module 3: Observation for Assessment. (n.d.). Ppt Download. https://slideplayer.com/slide/10474482/

    Pearson Assessments US. (2018, October 19). Everything You Need to Know about Observational Assessment [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfXF87eTKBk


    ]]>     2023-06-05 08:16:40 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614539568     What Are They? eugenekim8 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614616046 Summative assessments are a common method of measuring student progress, in which the data is used by students, parents, teachers, and administrators. Aside from summative assessments used regularly in classes by teachers, standardized tests are another common example of these, that provides data to all interested parties.

    Typically employed at the end of an instructional period, unit, course, program, semester, or school year, data can be evaluated to determine if learning objectives and expectations were met for a specific time period by the student. Equally important, summative assessments help to assess the effectiveness of educational programs, measure progress in improvements, and help make course displacement decisions.

    These assessments are usually graded by letter or numerical score although they can also not be graded. Grades are recorded into student academic records, end up on report cards, and are also widely used in the college admission process (e.g., SAT or ACT). Other types of standardized tests include Advanced Placement (AP) tests, International Baccalaureate (IB) exams, and MAP tests.

    Other variations of summative assessments include:
    • portfolios
    • projects
    • presentations
    • essays
    • interviews

    Summative assessments are said to be for learning, contrasting with formative assessments which are said to be of learning.


    ]]>     2023-06-05 09:47:34 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614616046     The Evaluation of Long-Term Learning eugenekim8 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614664911 2023-06-05 10:42:18 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614664911 How to Use Them eugenekim8 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614666503 Clarity of instructions and/or a rubric is key to successful summative assessments. This allows students to fully convey their knowledge or comfort-level with the topic being assessed. Outside of standardized tests, there should be ample time to study for and complete the assessment. Time constraints can put undue pressure on a student that may disrupt their ability to display their acquired knowledge and skills.

    Students should be given the opportunity to show their work which in turn will assess their ability to synthesize, evaluate, and apply content knowledge. This will prove a student's depth of knowledge.

    To tackle differentiation in the classroom, choice boards and offering varying summative assessment types are crucial to give different opportunities for students to succeed. Multiple-choice and free-response questions should be used alongside other assessment methods to provide opportunities to students of all shapes and sizes.


    ]]>     2023-06-05 10:44:20 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614666503     References eugenekim8 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614674881 Summative Assessment. The Glossary of Education Reform. AUG 29 2013. https://www.edglossary.org/summative-assessment/.]]> 2023-06-05 10:55:00 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614674881 References erinhoward3 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614761433
    Lee, A. M. I. (2023, February 3). What is functional behavioral assessment (FBA)?. Understood. https://www.understood.org/en/articles/functional-assessment-what-it-is-and-how-it-works

    Vanderbilt University. (n.d.). Page 4: conduct a functional behavioral assessment. IRIS Center. https://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/module/fba/cresource/q2/p04/ ]]>     2023-06-05 12:41:53 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614761433     What is a Functional Behavioral Assessment? erinhoward3 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614773012 A Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA) is an evaluation tool used support children's behavioral and emotional development (Lee, 2023). The FBA is conducted by a trained professional, such as a school psychologist or behavioral specialist. The FBA gathers evidence of student's challenging behaviors to understand why the behavior occurs (Lee, 2023). After the data is analyzed, strategies and interventions are implemented to redirect and improve the behaviors. This is usually implemented as a Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP). ]]> 2023-06-05 12:52:08 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614773012 What is Criterion-referenced assessment? everjenny0419 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614788049 Criterion-referenced assessment (CRA) is the process of assessing (and scoring) student learning against a set of pre-specified qualities or criteria, without reference to the achievements of others. Pre-specified qualities or standards are things students must do during assessment to demonstrate that they have achieved learning outcomes.]]> 2023-06-05 13:07:09 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614788049 How is it works in school? everjenny0419 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614789054 Schools use criterion-referenced assessments to examine specific knowledge and abilities that students are most likely to acquire. This determines how close they are to mastering the standard. They allow teachers to assess how they are helping students progress in specific areas. Standards-referenced assessments will show you where your learners stand against accepted standards, enabling you to tailor instruction and assistance to your students. Examples of standard referenced assessments include driving tests, end-of-school unit tests, clinical skills competency tools, etc.]]> 2023-06-05 13:08:12 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614789054 Steps of a Functional Behavioral Assessment erinhoward3 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614869034 According to the IRIS Center (n.d.), these are the steps to conducting a Functional Behavioral Assessment: 
    1. First, the class teacher will contact the specialist team to communicate their concerns about the behavior and how behavior management strategies have been unsuccessful.
    2. The specialist team will conduct observations and gather evidence. They will identify the specific problem(s) are causing the student to exhibit the behaviors. An ABC chart is commonly used to break down the steps that led to the behaviors. ABC stands for Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence. Antecedent is what happened right before the behavior. Behavior is the reaction the student has. Consequence is the result of the behavior that is enforced by the teacher. This may include the lesson changing to math, then the student disrupting the class so they can be sent out of the classroom, and therefore not have to do the work. 
    3. The team will then create interventions and strategies to redirect and eliminate unwanted behaviors. 
    4. After implementation, they will review the effectiveness of their plan and adjust the interventions if necessary. 
    ]]>     2023-06-05 14:23:30 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614869034     erinhoward3 https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614880413 2023-06-05 14:33:45 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614880413 What is Self-Assessment? https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614949054 Self-assessment is defined as ‘the involvement of learners in making judgements about their achievements and the outcomes of their learning’ (Boud and Falchikov (1989; p 529) and ‘identifying standards and/or criteria to apply to their work and making judgements about the extent to which they have met these criteria and standards’ Boud (1995; p4). Thus, self-assessment is intimately bound up with issues of power, control and authority and the extent to which these are transferred from academic staff to students (Brew, 1999). 

    Self-assessment provides students with an opportunity to self-evaluate, or make judgments about their learning process and products of learning, based on criteria that they have agreed on with their instructor.

    It involves reflecting on one's own work, progress, strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement. Self-assessment allows individuals to take an active role in evaluating their own learning and development, providing valuable insights for self-reflection and self-directed growth.]]>     2023-06-05 15:42:00 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614949054     Why use Self-Assessment? https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614952923 Self-assessment is used for several important reasons:

    1. Self-assessment encourages individuals to reflect on their own learning, performance, and progress. It helps them gain a deeper understanding of their strengths, weaknesses, learning preferences, and areas for improvement. This self-awareness is valuable for personal growth and development.
    2. Self-assessment empowers individuals to take ownership of their learning journey. By evaluating their own work, setting goals, and monitoring their progress, individuals become active participants in their education. This sense of ownership promotes motivation, engagement, and a lifelong learning mindset.
    3. Self-assessment allows individuals to tailor their learning to their specific needs. By identifying areas of weakness or gaps in understanding, individuals can focus on targeted areas for improvement. They can set personal learning goals and select appropriate strategies and resources to support their growth.
    4. Self-assessment promotes metacognition, which is the awareness and understanding of one's own thinking and learning processes. It helps individuals develop critical thinking skills, reflect on their learning strategies, and make adjustments as needed. This metacognitive awareness enhances learning effectiveness and efficiency.
    5. Self-assessment provides individuals with feedback on their own work and progress. It allows them to evaluate their performance and identify areas that require further development. This feedback can then be used to set realistic and meaningful goals for improvement.
    6. Engaging in self-assessment helps individuals build confidence in their abilities. Recognizing their strengths and achievements boosts self-esteem and empowers individuals to tackle challenges and take on new learning opportunities.
    7. Self-assessment fosters skills that are valuable beyond the classroom. The ability to reflect, set goals, self-monitor, and adapt one's learning approach are essential for lifelong learning and success in various contexts.
    ]]>     2023-06-05 15:46:03 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614952923     Self-Assessment https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614953838 2023-06-05 15:47:07 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614953838 Types/Examples of Self Assessment https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614961483 Learning journals or learning logs

    Learning journals and learning logs are records where students can write about their learning processes, set goals, and monitor their progress. They can use prompts like "What did I learn today?" or "What challenges did I face?" to reflect on their experiences.

    Portfolios

    Portfolios are collections of student work that show their progress and achievements. Students select samples that demonstrate their growth over time and reflect on their learning. Portfolios can be shared with teachers and parents to communicate their accomplishments.


    Student-led conferences

    In student-led conferences, students take the lead in discussing their learning with teachers, peers, and parents. They showcase their work, explain how feedback has helped them improve, and set goals for their future learning.



    ]]>     2023-06-05 15:54:48 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614961483     References: https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614965158 “Involving Students in the Assessment Process.” Self-Assessment, www.queensu.ca/teachingandlearning/modules/assessments/25_s3_03_self_assessment.html. Accessed 6 June 2023.

    “Strategies for Student Self-Assessment.” Education, 8 Dec. 2022, education.nsw.gov.au/teaching-and-learning/professional-learning/teacher-quality-and-accreditation/strong-start-great-teachers/refining-practice/peer-and-self-assessment-for-students/strategies-for-student-self-assessment.

    Wride , Michael. Guide to Self-Assessment, 2017, www.tcd.ie/academicpractice/Assets/pdf/Academic%20Practice%20Resources/Guide%20to%20Student%20Self%20Assessment.pdf. 


    ]]>     2023-06-05 15:58:04 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2614965158     Placement tests and Diagnostic assessments roomkaa https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2615172442 Placement tests are  tests that act as indicators of a student’s academic abilities in any given subject.

    They allow teachers to identify strong and weak students at the start of the year and if the school system allows, allocate students into appropriate academic ability levels .

    Diagnostic assessments are intended to assess the student’s current knowledge and mastery of a subject or subject area.

    Diagnostic tests are important as they assist the teacher in preparing lessons and materials, can help gauge the level of the student. 
    They can help in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of a class, which may help with planning lessons, the curriculum or revision for examinations.

    https://www.goodwin.edu/glossary/placement-tests#:~:text=Placement%20tests%2C%20sometimes%20called%20placement,aptitude%2Dappropriate%2Dlevel%20courses.
    https://www.teflcourse.net/blog/the-importance-of-diagnostic-tests-in-an-esl-classroom-ittt-tefl-blog/]]>     2023-06-05 20:07:55 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2615172442     How does confirmative assessment work? gianlucasorrentino https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2615285835 Confirmative assessment, similarly to the formative assessment, is a method of evaluating student learning and progress throughout the learning process. Unlike summative assessment, which is conducted at the end of a unit or course to measure the overall achievement, confirmative assessment is ongoing and focuses on providing immediate feedback to students to help them improve their understanding and performance.
    The primary goal of confirmative assessment is to gather information about students' knowledge, skills, and understanding to inform instructional decisions. It allows teachers to assess students' strengths and weaknesses, identify misconceptions, and adjust their teaching strategies accordingly. Additionally, confirmative assessment promotes active learning and student engagement by involving learners in self-assessment, reflection, and goal-setting.
    There are various methods and tools used in confirmative assessment, including:
    1. Classroom observations: Teachers closely observe students' behaviors, participation, and interactions during class activities and discussions. This helps them gauge students' engagement, identify areas where students may be struggling, and provide immediate feedback or interventions.
    2. Questioning: Teachers ask questions during lessons to assess students' understanding. They may use techniques like wait time (providing a pause after asking a question to allow students to think) and random selection (calling on students randomly) to encourage participation from all students and gain a broader understanding of their comprehension.
    3. Quizzes and tests: Short quizzes and tests are administered periodically to assess students' knowledge and understanding of specific topics. These assessments can be in the form of multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, or problem-solving tasks. The results help teachers identify areas where students may need additional support and re-teaching.
    4. Peer and self-assessment: Students assess their own work and that of their peers using predetermined criteria or rubrics. This promotes metacognitive skills and helps students develop a deeper understanding of their strengths and areas for improvement. Peer feedback also encourages collaboration and fosters a supportive learning environment.
    5. Classroom discussions and debates: Students engage in structured discussions and debates on relevant topics. These activities provide opportunities for students to articulate their thoughts, defend their positions, and challenge their peers' ideas. Teachers assess students' contributions and provide feedback on their reasoning, argumentation skills, and ability to consider different perspectives.
    6. Portfolios and projects: Students compile portfolios of their work, including assignments, projects, and reflections, to demonstrate their learning progress over time. Portfolios can include written pieces, artwork, multimedia presentations, and other artifacts that showcase the depth and breadth of students' understanding.
    The key features of confirmative assessment include timely feedback, opportunities for reflection, and a focus on the learning process rather than just the final outcomes. By continuously assessing students' progress, teachers can make informed instructional decisions, tailor their teaching strategies, and provide targeted support to help students achieve their learning goals.

    https://www.evelynlearning.com/confirmative-evaluation-meaning-scope-purpose-and-model/
    ]]>     2023-06-06 00:04:21 UTC https://padlet.com/eugenekim8/k1fzm55ovv4vyf81/wish/2615285835