https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p Made with Darius :) en-us 2016-10-31 15:11:40 UTC 2016-11-14 16:15:52 UTC hello@padlet.com dariusgra7350 https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/134252865 I wish I could change my brother's behavior because sometimes he gets frustrated.]]> 2016-10-31 15:12:38 UTC https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/134252865 dariusgra7350 https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/134255352 1.Trial and Error
-if at first dont succeed

2.operant conditioning
-behaviors have consequences

3.classical conditioning
-associative learning

4.observational learning (modeling)
-monkey see monkey do

Positive positive, positive reinforcement, negative positive, negative reinforcement]]> 2016-10-31 15:19:16 UTC https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/134255352 dariusgra7350 https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/134805437
Thorndike
-Law of Effect
-Thorndike and Woodworth
1. Purpose
-To see if there was a line between the associated learning in humans versus animals, and how problem solving is approached by either side
2. Procedure
-Animal in small and uncomfortable cage, has to push lever to open cae.
-After out, Thorndike give reward and put back in cage to time how long it takes for animal to repeat same task
-Each time animal got out, latency would decrease because the animal starts to respond to the stimulus quickly
-Latency- didn't realize you learned something until after you learned it
3. Results
-Animals were able to find out how to solve problems set for them, which would be considered intelligent if humans were able to do it
-Cat would flounder around until the cat realized how to get out of the box and get the hang of it, and latency thus decreased
-Time to escape was decreasing more and more throughout trials
-High correlation b/w stimulus and response
-"Practice makes habits"- law of exercise
-Formal discipline- Mind could be strengthened by exercises like memorization
4. Ethical
-Yes, clear purpose, increasing understanding of humans/animals, benefit our knowledge.
5. Relevance and Impact of Future Research
-Relevant today to learned behavior and mental association
ex. Rewarded for something will most likely lead to you doing that again.

Skinner
-Burrhus Skinner
1. Purpose
-The major problems of the world today can be solved only if we improve our understanding of human behavior
-Wanted to find the effects of rewrds and reinforcements on behavior
-focused on things that take place before a response
2. Procedure
-Every time rat pulled on lever, he apply positive reinforcement. If rat pulls lever more, add more PR.
3. Results
-Events following reponse had greater influence of later rate of occurrence
-operant conditioning- if a response is followed by a reinforcing stimulus response strength is increased
4. Schedule of reinforcement
-Fixed Ratio- schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced only after a specific number of responses
-Fixed Interval- reinforcement becomes available after a fixed period of time
5. Relevance
-]]> 2016-11-02 15:04:08 UTC https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/134805437 dariusgra7350 https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/135112914 -John Garcia- Conditioned Taste Aversion
-Rats given saccharin, then get sick
-Offered again, results recorded
-Any neural stimulus would create a  conditioned response
-The type of neutral stimulus used does have an influence on the conditioning process
-Every organism is biologically predisposed to create certain associations between certain stimuli
-Animal instinct to not eat foods that make them sick

-Watson- Little Albert
-behavior is caused by environmental and situational stimuli
-attempt to have Albert correlate fear with white rats by banging a bar behind him
-rat is conditioned stimulus than elicited a conditioned response
-behaviors such as emotions are taught
-Freud theory is wrong because study proves the brain develops associations between emotion and events


Classical conditioning
-Unconditioned stimulus produces unconditioned response
-Conditioned stimulus with unconditioned stimulus produces unconditioned response
-Conditioned stimulus now produces conditioned response
-UCS=UCR, CS+UCS=UCR, CS=CR
-Acquisiton-acquiring fear
-Extinction-fear goes away
-Second extinction- comes back
Acquisiton -First Extinction -Rest period -Second extinction

]]> 2016-11-03 15:10:55 UTC https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/135112914 dariusgra7350 https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/135415956 -Theory involves classical conditioning
-Experiments with dogs to explain human behavior
-Unconditioned stimulus: Food
-Will elicit salivation as an automatic response
-Dogs salivated from sound of metronome on its own rather than the food
-Conditioned stimulus: metronome
-Conditioned response: salivation
-Ex. Child w parents that have phobias of certain things may develop the same phobia
-Generalization- generalize to larger scope of conditioned response
-Discrimination- certain scope rather than wide scope]]> 2016-11-04 15:26:29 UTC https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/135415956 dariusgra7350 https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/136451026 -Tested to see effect of controllable vs uncontrollable shock on later ability to learn how to avoid shock
-Dogs that could not avoid first day of shocks didn't try to avoid shocks the next day
-Dogs that could avoid shocks would avoid shocks later on the fastest
-Learned hopelessness and how it leads to depression
-Positive psychology- study of the strengths that enable humans to thrive

]]> 2016-11-09 16:10:23 UTC https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/136451026 dariusgra7350 https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/136809960 Variable (Random)              -                    Ratio (# of responses)
Fixed (Set)                            -                     Interval (Time)
Continuous (Every time)


Continuous Reinforcement- every instance of a behavior is reinforced
Ratio schedules- reinforcement is based on the number of behaviors required
Interval schedules- reinforcement is based on the passage of time

Fixed Ratio Examples-
-Giving a child candy EVERY time she picks up her toys
-Getting paid after each car gets sold
-Student may be given a prize after reading ten books
-Factory workers getting paid by the piece

Fixed Interval Examples
-Doing my job and receiving my paycheck monthly
-I receive my mail at roughly the same time each day

Variable Interval Examples
-Unpredictable-reinforcement occurs afterr a random amount of time
-Checking your phone for text messages- you do not know when you will be rewarded with a message, but continue to check until you are

Variable Ratio Examples
-The classic of winning the jackpot on the slot machine after a changing number of times playing it]]> 2016-11-10 17:17:39 UTC https://padlet.com/dariusgra7350/jyrpf3avoz3p/wish/136809960