Timeline by RYAN HEFFLIN

Eudoxus

rhefflin0001 — 2023-12-11 16:07:42 UTC

Invented geocentric theory in 380 BC. First advancement in the theory of planets orbiting around an object. Its major flaw was that some planets would orbit around nothing, also some stars didn't follow traditional orbits.

Nickolaus

rhefflin0001 — 2023-12-11 18:22:48 UTC

Developed Heliocentric Theory in 1543. This was a way better model for explaining the universe but was still flawed due to the sun being at the center of everything and some stars were still not explained due to their movements with this model.

Islamic Golden Age

rhefflin0001 — 2023-12-11 18:43:04 UTC

In Islamic countries, they believe in slightly different characteristics about space. At first, they followed a geocentric model, but they soon changed to a slightly better called the Tusi couple in the 11th century, which can be seen in the diagram above. This is better than a geocentric model but the Earth is still in the center of everything.

Kupler laws of motion

rhefflin0001 — 2023-12-11 18:53:26 UTC

Kupler laws began in 1609 with the its main subject being an eliptical orbit around the sun. While Nickolaus had already published his heliocentric theory in 1543, Kuplers laws solidified the fact that the heliocentric theory was true. His designs were almost up to standards with modern day, however a few orbits were defined wrong.

Inca Beliefs

rhefflin0001 — 2023-12-11 19:09:46 UTC

While the Incas didn't understand the orbits of the planets, they were able to figure out the constellations for most of the stars and understood what times those stars appeared in the sky. Along with most parts of the world, they also used sundials, but they had a much greater belief in the sun and even worshiped it. Unfortunately, due to the Incas not having a written language, much of their specific information has been lost to history and may never be discovered.

Galileo

rhefflin0001 — 2023-12-11 19:28:03 UTC

Around 1610, Galileo published many of his studies related to the solar system. These included how the northern lights happen, craters on the moon, and sun spots. Though his biggest discoveries were Jupiter and Saturn moons and one of the first spotting of Neptune. Finally he used the phases of Venus to prove the Heliocentric theory.

Modern Day

rhefflin0001 — 2023-12-11 19:32:56 UTC

Today we have a much greater understanding of the universe then we've ever had. We now know that the center of the universe can be anything, not just the sun or earth. We have proved the existence of two more planets (Uranus and Neptune) and we have created our satellites to study planets. Since this is modern-day, for all we know our studies could be wrong, but given how much we know, it is definitely better then our past knowledge.

Source Citation

rhefflin0001 — 2023-12-11 19:41:54 UTC

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Golden_Age

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepler%27s_laws_of_planetary_motion

https://www.peruforless.com/blog/inca-astronomy/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_Galilei#Astronomy_2