The Second International congress of educators of the Deaf, also known as the Milan Conference, took place in 1880. It was where Deaf educators had gathered and had decided that teaching Deaf people speech and lip reading was better than sign language. Because of this, sign language was banned.

The Milan Conference was made up of many Deaf educators from multiple countries.

  The event has a negative connection to the Deaf community. It was the start of a dark time for Deaf people due to the banning of sign language. This caused many Deaf teachers to lose their jobs as well.

The Milan Conference prohibited the use of sign language, switching to oralism as the primary way to educate Deaf children.

It hindered the Deaf community in many ways. Many Deaf teachers had lost their jobs, and Deaf students were forced to not use sign language and instead speak and lip read. The conference took away a great part of Deaf culture from its people.

It hindered sign language greatly. The people at the conference thought that letting the Deaf community use sign language would encourage them not to speak, read, and be “normal”. Because of this, oralism was decided to be the best way to handle Deaf education, and sign was prohibited. This decision ruined many lives.

The BDA stands for three concrete ideas which are equality, access, and the freedom of choice. The equality part of it had meant that they were able to access information and the same opportunities in their age range. The access part of it wanted every deaf person to have access to the services from a government way. And the freedom of choice was that they had the choice to either sign or speak or both with sanction and without obstacles.

2. Who initiated it?

3. Who are they?

4. What is their or it's connection to the Deaf Community?

5. What is their or it's connection to sign language?

6. one of these:

a. How did it support the Deaf community (if applicable)?

7. one of these:

a. How did it support the ASL or sign language (if applicable)?

The intention behind starting it: To give equal opportunities to everybody and not to hold disabilities against a person. 

Deaf or Hard of Hearing: They are not to be treated differently than other people or segregated. Even if they are deaf or hard of hearing they have a right to jobs and other opportunities since they are provided the same services that everybody else has.

Who initiated it?
It was initiated by the 100th congress. Was signed in 1990 by President George Bush on July 26. 

Connection to Sign Language
The deaf or hard of hearing person could be using sign language, it is their choice. If they decide to use it, it should not be held against them, they still have the same rights as everybody else.

Supporting the Deaf Community
Since most of the world is hearing the American Disabilities Act opens new opportunities for deaf or hard of hearing people. Before this act there could have been places where they were denied law enforcement or basic rights because they were deaf although now this is illegal. It created a step in the right direction that they should not be segregated.

They could not be discriminated form using sign language. If deaf or hard of hearing people were using it, it should be no different of a response to people if they are using any other sort of communication. 

The American School for the Deaf is the first Deaf school in the US.

Thomas Gallaudet brought it together with the help of Abbe Sicard, and Laurent Clerc.  Abbe Sicard was the Director of the French Institute for the Deaf in Paris, and Laurent Clerc was one of his assistants. Thomas Gallaudet wanted to set up a school for Alice Cogswell, and all other Deaf kids in the US. Before this, kids had to be shipped overseas to be able to get an education, so he wanted to fix that. He went to France to study French Sign Language and came back with Laurent Clerc to set up a school. It supported the Deaf community because it created a resource for Deaf students in America. This would eventually lead to even more accessible Deaf schools for all students around the U.S. The school supported ASL because it was actually developed at this school! It was based on Old French Sign Language, but the student that attended also adapted it to their needs too. 

2. Who initiated it?

3. Who are they? 

4. What is their connection to the Deaf Community?

5. What is their connection to sign language?

6. a. How did it support the Deaf community?

b. How did it support sign language?

2. what is their connection to the Deaf Community?

3. How did they hinder sign language

First International Silent Games, Paris. Deaf sporting leaders from France, Belgium, Great Britain, Holland, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, and Czechoslovakia form CISS.  

CISS statutes adopted, Brussels, Belgium 

Japan joins CISS as the first Asian member and the United States joins CISS as the first North American member.

264 athletes from 13 countries participate and Swedish prince Gustav-Adolf becomes first royal representative to attend Games (held in Stockholm)

First Winter Games (held in Seefeld, Austria)

The International Olympic Committee recognizes CISS as an "International Federation with Olympic Standing".

Australia and New Zealand join CISS as first Oceania members.

Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay join CISS as first South American members.

International Silent Games held outside of Europe for the first time, in Washington DC, the United States.

CISS was awarded the Olympic Cup by the International Olympic Committee for its services to sports.

International Silent Games renamed World Silent Games to recognize their world-wide nature.

50th anniversary celebrations in Paris. The CISS Museum opened in Rome.

South Africa joins CISS as the first African member.

World Games (in Cologne, Germany), attended for the first time by an IOC President, Mr. Juan Antonio Samaranch. English adopted as the sole language of correspondence, although the title, Comité International des Sports des Sourds, was retained in remembrance of the organization's origin.

Recognition of Regional Confederations.

CISS abandons its attempts towards the incorporation of the World Games into the Paralympics. In recognition of the unique communication requirements of deaf athletes, the prohibitive costs of providing interpreters, the inability to accommodate the growing numbers of deaf competitors, and for a number of other reasons, CISS withdraws from the International Paralympics Committee, but retains IOC recognition and support.

Celebrated 75th Anniversary.

Received official recognition from the International Olympic Committee for the new name of our Games - Deaflympics.

Became a member of SportAccord (known as GAISF).

First ever female president elected.

ICSD in compliance with WADA Signatory Code.

104 countries in ICSD.

Co-operation Agreement between World Federation of the Deaf (WFD) and International Committee of Sport for the Deaf (ICSD)

 

109 countries in ICSD.

 

A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the International Committee of Sports for the Deaf (ICSD) was signed on 08 March 2016 at the IOC headquarters in Lausanne.

 

113 countries in ICSD.

2. Who initiated it?  Johnathan Lambert 

3. Who are they? He established the first English settlement of Martha vineyard 

4. What is their or it's connection to the Deaf Community? It was known as an island for deaf people 

5. What is their or it's connection to sign language? It was used by both deaf and hearing people 

6. one of these:

a. How did it support the Deaf community (if applicable)? It supported deaf people buy it being a sign friendly place for deaf people to sign 

7. one of these:

a. How did it support the ASL or sign language (if applicable)? It allowed people to get togetherand make new signs and disguss and talk 

The French Monk influence on sign language was made when there was a public and free Deaf school.

The Spanish monasteries initiated the influence on sign language. Lots of religious people during the time had a  big influence on sign language.

They were people such as Pedro Ponce de Leon, a Spanish monk, and Abbe Charles Michel de L’Epee

Civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, including jobs, schools, transportation, and all public and private places that are open to the general public. The purpose of the law is to make sure that people with disabilities have the same rights and opportunities as everyone else. The ADA gives civil rights protections to individuals with disabilities similar to those provided to individuals on the basis of race, color, sex, national origin, age, and religion. Guarantees equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities in public accommodations, employment, transportation, state and local government services, and telecommunications. 

101st United States Congress

George H. W. Bush, Dan Quayle,

Under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), people who are deaf or hard of hearing are entitled to the same services law enforcement provides to anyone else. They may not be excluded or segregated from services, be denied services, or otherwise be treated differently than other people. Law enforcement agencies must make efforts to ensure that their personnel communicate effectively with people whose disability affects hearing. This applies to both sworn and civilian personnel.

Law enforcement agencies must provide the communication aids and services needed to communicate effectively with people who are deaf or hard of hearing, except when a particular aid or service would result in an undue burden or a fundamental change in the nature of the law enforcement services being provided. 

By eliminating discrimination of Deaf community greatly through strict rules for hearing people when it comes to conversation with a deaf person.

It makes conversation between hearing and deaf people much easier, like bringing an interpreter who has knowledge of ASL, or have them write a note to respond to deaf people.

List of things you can communicate with deaf people:

1. What is it?

Also known as NAD is the nation's premier civil rights organization for all Deaf and Hard of Hearing people in the US. 

2. Who initiated it?

Founded in Cincinnati Ohio, it is a non profit organization run by a group of Deaf people, the first president was Robert P. McGregor.

3. Who are they?

(repetitive answer) They are an organization in the US that help fight for the rights of all Deaf and Hard of Hearing people.

4. What is their or its connection to the Deaf Community?

In 1880 this organization was established by people who believed in The rights of the american Deaf community. These organizations help protect the Deaf community on a national level and make sure that they are defended and get treated fairly and with the respect they deserve.

5. What is their connection to sign language?

NAD was partly created to promote and preserve the ASL and make sure it was thought of as a legitimate language. NAD makes it so people are allowed to learn ASL if they wish to. Allows it so there are many ways one can learn the language of ASL. 

6. How did it support the Deaf community (if applicable)?

NAD is basically the most supporting association for the Deaf community. They are the ones who back up the Deaf community and protect them and make sure they are given the rights they deserve. Not only that but they make sure that the Deaf community is able to get the same opportunities as everyone else.

7. How did it support the ASL or sign language (if applicable)?

NAD helps the Deaf community be involved in everything and makes it so they get the rights that they deserve. Nad makes sure that schools and people know that ASL is very important in the teaching of someone who is Deaf or Hard of Hearing

By Emma 🤬