On the other hand, "The Poor Man's Burden" was written by a Scottish poet named James Bernard McNeill, who was a member of the working class. McNeill's poem reflects the cultural perspective of a marginalized and exploited group that was negatively impacted by imperialism. This perspective was shaped by the experience of poverty and social inequality that was common among the working class during the era of imperialism.

In contrast, James Bernard McNeill's "The Poor Man's Burden" criticizes the concept of imperialism and argues that it is the poor who bear the true burden of imperialism. McNeill's poem portrays imperialism as a greedy and exploitative system that benefits the wealthy at the expense of the poor. He writes, "And the men who bear the burden, / They are driven into the dust, / That the rulers may have their pleasure, / And the rulers may have their lust."

One of the main criticisms of the poem was that it promoted the idea of Western superiority and the notion that non-Western cultures were inferior and in need of civilizing. This is evident in lines such as "Your new-caught, sullen peoples, / Half-devil and half-child," which suggest that the colonized peoples are uncivilized and in need of guidance from the white man.

Similarly, Kipling's use of the phrase "white man's burden" reflects the cultural belief that it was the duty of Western powers to bring civilization and progress to the colonies. This idea was widely accepted at the time and was used to justify colonial expansion and domination.

    To serve your captives' need;

To wait in heavy harness"

    And work another's gain." The lightly " The "proffered laurel,

   The easy, ungrudged praise.

Comes now, to search your manhood

    Through all the thankless years,

Cold-edged with dear-bought wisdom,

    The judgment of your peers!"