A new view of nature emerged during the Scientific Revolution, replacing the Greek view that had dominated science for almost 2,000 years. Science became an autonomous discipline, distinct from both philosophy and technology, and it came to be regarded as having utilitarian goals.

The American Revolution was an insurrection carried out by 13 of Great Britain's North American

The scientific method propelled a large amount of mechanical capabilities, and the Revolution allowed for people to have the innovative mindset to incorporate new technologies into businesscolonieshttps://www.britannica.com/science/Scientific-Revolution

The Age of Enlightenment was an 18th-century European intellectual movement that emphasized reason, science, and individual liberty over tradition, superstition, and blind faith.

it inspired revolutions, establishing new political ideas like the separation of powers, advancing scientific methodology, promoting human rights.

The Enlightenment, and the years after, brought greater understanding of the human body and how it works.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zr4fvwx

He was a English Polymath. Isaac Newton is well known for his discoveries in optics (white light composition) and mathematics (calculus), it is his formulation of the three laws of motion—the basic principles of modern physics—for which he is most famous He made a huge impact due to him discovering these things and these things became useful later on.

He learned to make medicines and other stuff that helped cure diseases like the plague.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Isaac-Newton

He was a surgeon, founder of pathological anatomy in England, and early advocate of investigation and experimentation. He was also known for carrying out many important studies and experiments in comparative aspects of biology, anatomy, physiology, and pathology.

He made exceptional contributions to advancing the understanding and practice of medicine through observation and experiment. https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Hunter-British-surgeon

He was an English philosopher whose works lie at the foundation of modern philosophical empiricism and political liberalism,classical liberalism in particular.

John Locke’s most famous works are An Essay Concerning Human Understanding in which he developed his theory of ideas and his account of the origins of human knowledge in experience, and Two Treatises of Government in which he defended a theory of political authority based on natural individual rights and freedoms and the consent of the governed.

Locke's Essay on Human Understanding can be understood as an attempt to justify, substantiate, and promote Sydenham's medical method. This method, generalized, was then proposed as an instrument for the elaboration of all natural sciences.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Locke

he was a french political philosopher whose principal work, The Spirit of Laws, was a major contribution to political

theory. He was best known for that.

In 1721 Montesquieu published Lettres persanes a brilliant satirical portrait of French, particularly Parisian, civilization, supposedly as seen through the eyes of two Persian travelers. The work—infused throughout with a new spirit of vigorous, disrespectful, and iconoclastic criticism—made Montesquieu famous.

Montesquieu is the first one of his century to be fascinated by science, chiefly by the sciences of life. He created a prize of physics and anatomy, used the microscope and even made experiments.https://www.britannica.com/biography/Montesquieu

he was one of the greatest of all French writers. He was best known for his writings.

Voltaire's importance lies in his role as a leading figure of the French Enlightenment who championed religious tolerance, freedom of speech, and the separation of church and state, influencing modern concepts of individual liberties, justice, and reason.

"The art of medicine consists in amusing the patient while nature cures the disease." This provocative statement encapsulates a critical view of 18th-century medical practices, suggesting that the role of physicians is often more about providing comfort and distraction rather than directly curing illnesses. While contemporary medicine has significantly evolved, this sentiment still echoes an essential truth about the human body's remarkable ability to heal itself, a process deeply rooted in the body's pathological response to disease. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Voltaire

was a Swiss-born philosopher, writer, and political theorist whose treatises and novels inspired the leaders of the French Revolution and the Romantic generation. He was best known for political and moral philosophy works like The Social Contract, which championed the concept of the general will of the people as the legitimate basis for government.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau is famous for reconceiving the social contract as a compact between the individual and a collective “general will” aimed at the common good and reflected in the laws of an ideal state and for maintaining that existing society rests on a false social contract that perpetuates inequality and rule by the rich.

He didn't help much in medicine but he did help show people how its good to be clean and hygienic

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jean-Jacques-Rousseau

was an American printer and publisher, author, inventor and scientist, and diplomat. One of the foremost of the Founding Fathers, Franklin helped draft the Declaration of Independence and was one of its signers, represented the United States in France during the American Revolution, and was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention.

His writings ranged over a number of topics, from treatment of the common cold to promotion of exercise and a moderate diet.Benjamin Franklin was a printer, publisher, author, inventor, scientist, and diplomat.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benjamin-Franklin

was an American Congregational minister and author, supporter of the old order of the ruling clergy, who became the most celebrated of all New England Puritans. He combined a mystical strain (he believed in the existence of witchcraft) with a modern scientific interest (he supported smallpox inoculation).

Cotton Mather made a significant, though controversial, contribution to healthcare in colonial America by passionately advocating for smallpox inoculation during the Boston epidemic of 1721. He learned about the procedure from his enslaved man, Onesimus, and promoted it with the help of physician Zabdiel Boylston.

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cotton-Mather

Continental Army in 1775, America was fighting a war on two fronts: one for independence from the British, and a second for survival against smallpox. Because Washington knew the ravages of the disease firsthand, he understood that the smallpox virus, then an invisible enemy, could cripple his army and end the war before it began.

It was important because it shows how much they developed from this and shows there processes in the medical field on how they did things and thought.

It showed later on how to make vaccines and how to stop the virus

https://www.history.com/articles/smallpox-george-washington-revolutionary-war

the North American colonists found themselves increasingly at odds with British imperial policies regarding taxation and frontier policy. When repeated protests failed to influence British policies, and instead resulted in the closing of the port of Boston and the declaration of martial law in Massachusetts, the colonial governments sent delegates to a Continental Congress to coordinate a colonial boycott of British goods. When fighting broke out between American colonists and British forces in Massachusetts, the Continental Congress worked with local groups, originally intended to enforce the boycott, to coordinate resistance against the British. British officials throughout the colonies increasingly found their authority challenged by informal local governments, although loyalist sentiment remained strong in some areas.

this is important because it showed them how to become independent. It helped in healthcare by supporting human rights

https://history.state.gov/milestones/1776-1783/declaration

The US Constitution was ratified, or officially approved, by a majority of the states to become the nation's founding law. After the Constitutional Convention in 1787, each state held conventions to vote on the document. When New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify it on June 21, 1788, the Constitution became official and replaced the previous governing system, the Articles of Confederation.

it was important because it established a new government replacing the weaker ones. this can help the medical wise because new people can bring new ideas.

The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/the-day-the-constitution-was-ratified

The Bill of Rights is the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution. It spells out Americans' rights in relation to their government. It guarantees civil rights and liberties to the individual—like freedom of speech, press, and religion.

It's important because it guarantees civil rights and liberties to the individual—like freedom of speech, press, and religion.This helped in the medical way by giving people their rights be freedom of speech and other stuff like that.

https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/bill-of-rights/what-does-it-say#:~:text=The%20Bill%20of%20Rights%20is,speech%2C%20press%2C%20and%20religion. https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/bill-of-rights-transcript#:~:text=The%20spelling%20and%20punctuation%20reflects,Article%201%20was%20never%20ratified.

The public health movement had its genesis in urban centers where overcrowding and unsanitary housing conditions intensified human misery and the ravages of disease. Boston by the mid-nineteenth century was a crowded city with a high incidence of disease. Through the efforts of the municipal Board of Health and humanitarian urban reform groups, the city became a leader in the public health movement.

it's important and helps medically because these codes help us protect public health by keeping Boston free of rodents, ensures bulk refuse is properly maintained and managed and promoting safety measures in auto shops.

https://open.bu.edu/items/3d643370-f2a0-4ef7-9dd8-4472870ea61b