Key terms by https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2 Online resource of exhibitions, key terms and additional readings for Australian Art. en-us 2021-09-10 10:30:17 UTC 2025-05-05 22:35:36 UTC hello@padlet.com Settlement svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730600015 Captain Arthur Phillip led the First Fleet which established the first colony in 1788. ]]> 2021-09-10 10:50:35 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730600015 Terra Nullius svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730600183 “Central to the traditional law was the notion of territory unoccupied and unacquired—terra nullius... Such territory could be acquired merely by an occupation sufficiently effective, accompanied by an intention to acquire sovereignty. On the other hand where territory was already occupied or acquired, cession, conquest (and possibly prescription) were the appropriate modes. But the category terra nullius was not self-defining nor did practice bear out the positivist assumption that territory was either terra nullius or part of an existing State. The category terra nullius was a residual one. Thus it is first necessary to determine in what cases territory was regarded as occupied whether by indigenous States or other entities with a degree of political organization...”

Excerpt From: James R. Crawford, The Creation of States in International Law, p. 760.

"Before Cook set off on the first Journey, the British Admiralty
gave him secret instructions. These were both written and verbal. He was not allowed to read the written instructions until he had reached Tahiti and finished observing an important planetary event, the transit of Venus... The instructions then said, ‘You are also with
the Consent of the Natives to take Possession of
Convenient Situations in the Country in the Name of
the King of Great Britain: Or: if you find the Country
uninhabited take Possession for his Majesty by setting
up Proper Marks and Inscriptions, as first discoverers
and possessors.’ Cook was clearly unable to gain ‘the consent of the natives’ in his visits to the east coast of Australia.
Quite the opposite: he was unable to establish any
kind of understanding or engagement with the
Neunonne or Gweagal peoples. This is because Cook’s
behaviour – entering Country without consent – was
not appropriate."

Excerpt from: Clare Land, Paula Bala and Kate Golding, Blak Cook Book, p. 18. ]]> 2021-09-10 10:50:44 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730600183 The Black Wars svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730601970 The National Picture: The Art of Tasmania's Black War, National Gallery of Australia, 12 May – 29 July 2018

The National Picture will shine a light on two enthralling yet under-examined figures in Australian history: colonial artist Benjamin Duterrau and the ‘Conciliator’ George Augustus Robinson. Drawing key loans from national and international collections, including five of the seven known ‘proclamation boards’, The National Picture will examine the work of colonial artists from the declaration of martial law in Van Diemen’s Land in 1828 and the beginnings of George Augustus Robinson’s ill-fated ‘Friendly Mission’ through to Duterrau’s death in 1851.

The exhibition will also include a group of works dating from the 1920s to the present day that reference and respond to the many confronting issues that continue to arise from Tasmania’s complex past

https://nga.gov.au/nationalpicture/
]]> 2021-09-10 10:52:06 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730601970 Settlerism svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730606557 James Belich, Review of Replenishing the Earth: The Settler Revolution and the Rise of the Anglo-World, 1783-1939]]> 2021-09-10 10:55:54 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730606557 History Painting svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730607178 The term ‘history painting’ was introduced by the French Royal Academy in the seventeenth century. It was seen as the most important type (or ‘genre’), of painting above portraiture, the depiction of scenes from daily life (called genre painting), landscape and still life painting.]]> 2021-09-10 10:56:24 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730607178 Allegory svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730607707 An allegory is the description of a subject in the guise of another subject. An allegorical painting might include figures emblematic of different emotional states of mind – for example envy or love – or personifying other abstract concepts, such as sight, glory, beauty... ]]> 2021-09-10 10:56:57 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730607707 Settler-Colonialism svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730608409 Patrick Wolfe, 'Settler colonialism and the elimination of the native', Journal of Genocide Research 8, no. 4, (2006): pp. 387-409, DOI: 10.1080/14623520601056240.]]> 2021-09-10 10:57:33 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730608409 Staffage svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730657572 ‘Staffage’ refers to the human and animal figures that populate pictures, either with subtle anonymity or with symbolic, historical, biblical significance.]]> 2021-09-10 11:38:42 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730657572 Modernism svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730724234 A cultural movement across the arts in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries that departed from classical or inherited ideas about art and strove to replace them with new aesthetics that expressed the contemporary.

Robin Walz, Modernism (Harlow: Pearson, 2013), xxv. ]]> 2021-09-10 12:21:16 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730724234 Anti-Modernism svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730724381 The anti-modernists in Australian art saw modern art as "corrupt" and connected modernist art with eugenics. Many anti-Modernists including Lionel Lindsay and members of the Jindyworobak Movement held racist beliefs.  

See: Lionel Lindsay, Addled Art. London: Hollis and Carter, 1946. ]]> 2021-09-10 12:21:21 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730724381 Appropriation svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730733469 2021-09-10 12:26:15 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1730733469 The 1939 Herald Exhibition of French and British Contemporary Art svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1734359217
Exhibition of French and British contemporary art / [exhibition held Town Hall, Melbourne, opened October 16th, 1939] ; organizer of exhibition, Basil Burdett ; [exhibition brought to Melbourne by the Herald]

]]> 2021-09-13 00:11:03 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1734359217 Vitalism svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1734373667 https://www.anzacmemorial.nsw.gov.au/our-stories/sculpture-hoff]]> 2021-09-13 00:18:53 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1734373667 George Bell School svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1734401002 In 1932 Arnold Shore and George Bell opened the Bell-Shore school of painting, then the only Melbourne school purporting to teach modernist principles.]]> 2021-09-13 00:32:17 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1734401002 Heide Museum of Modern Art svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1734401250 Began in 1934 as the home of John and Sunday Reed
Became the home to a circle of artists and a private library

https://www.heide.com.au/about/heide-story]]> 2021-09-13 00:32:26 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1734401250 Contemporary Art Society svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1734403133 Formed in Victoria 1938
Key figures that were associated with the CAS: Arthur Boyd, John Perceval, Harry de Hartog, Albert Tucker, Sidney Nolan
Their Aim: To protest at the perceived conservatism of the dominant Australian Academy of Art, with primary and paramount objective being the fostering and promotion of contemporary art, to further the understanding of it, and to encourage and stimulate artists.]]> 2021-09-13 00:33:13 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1734403133 National Gallery School svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1734404525 National Gallery Art School opened in 1867 on Swanston Street  (today's State Library of Victoria). Some of Australia’s most well-known artists attended the school, ranging from Hugh Ramsay to Margaret Preston and Joy Hester. Up until around 1910, it was considered to offer the best art training in Australia. Its heads of school and teachers of painting included Eugene von Gerard, George Frederick Folingsby, Frederick McCubbin and Bernard Hall.]]> 2021-09-13 00:33:55 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1734404525 Automatism svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1735472639 During the late 1930s, Albert Tucker became intrigued with Surrealist techniques such as automatism (the relaxation of conscious thought to release unconscious ideas and feelings for artistic expression). Surrealism gave Tucker a way into an exploration of the inner self and his feelings about life during wartime. ]]> 2021-09-13 08:50:09 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1735472639 Social Realism svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1735472900 — Depicts reality in a way that moves away from the romanticised ideas of Australia demonstrated in artwork produced in previous years 

— Focuses on social relations and conditions of different classes of people in Australian society 

— A critique on social structures 

— Raw and austere representation of trauma       ]]> 2021-09-13 08:50:17 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1735472900 En plein air svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1742470406 The French term plein air means out of doors and refers to the practice of painting entire finished pictures out of doors.

"In the summer of 1886–87, McCubbin, Roberts and
Abrahams rented a cottage at Mentone, a beachside
suburb of Melbourne. Here and at nearby Beaumaris
they again painted en plein air. They met the younger,
less experienced artist Arthur Streeton sketching
on the beach at Ricketts Point and he subsequently
joined them in their painting expeditions,
later recalling:
The first open-air picture I had seen of McCubbin’s
was painted on these shores. A full expanse of pale
blue lapping water, and the beach and fossil rocks for a
foreground, and shed over the surface of everything was
the warm air of December noon."

https://nga.gov.au/Exhibition/MCCUBBIN/pdf/MCCUBBIN_ESSAY.pdf
]]> 2021-09-15 11:57:40 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1742470406 She-Oak and Sunlight: Australian Impressionism, 2 Apr 21 – 22 Aug 21, National Gallery of Victoria svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1742486610 She-Oak and Sunlight: Australian Impressionism is a large-scale exhibition of more than 250 artworks drawn from major public and private collections around Australia, including the NGV Collection. Featuring some of the most widely recognisable and celebrated works by Tom Roberts, Frederick McCubbin, Jane Sutherland, Arthur Streeton, Charles Conder, Clara Southern, John Russell and E. Phillips Fox, the exhibition also brings to light lesser-known paintings by Iso Rae, May Vale, Jane Price and Ina Gregory. She-Oak and Sunlight presents these works in new and surprising contexts, exploring the impact of personal relationships, international influences and the importance of place on the trajectory of the movement.]]> 2021-09-15 12:06:01 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1742486610 9 x 5 Exhibition svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1744163846
Roberts, Conder and Streeton decided to hold an exhibition of their work and named it the 9 by 5 Impression Exhibition. The majority of the works were painted on nine-by-five-inch wooden boards (many of which were cigar box lids). It was the first major exhibition of Impressionist paintings in Australia. 

The exhibition took place at Buxton Galleries on Swanston Street. It was a larger space located in Melbourne’s most popular gallery and artistic supply store.

Tom Roberts, Arthur Streeton and Charles Conder, Manifesto, June 1889:
Any effect of nature which moves us strongly by its beauty, whether strong or vague in its drawing, defined or indefinite in its light, rare or ordinary in colour, is worthy of our best efforts and of the love of those who love our art. Through and over all this we say we will do our best to put only the truth down, and only as much as we feel sure of seeing.
]]> 2021-09-15 23:23:59 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1744163846 Cosmopolitanism svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1744191344 Nikos Papastergiadis, Cosmopolitanism and Culture, (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2012): 81. 

The term ‘cosmopolitanism’ is both the product of an idea of the world and an ideal form of global citizenship. Everyone who is committed to it recalls the phrase first used by Socrates and then adopted as a motif by the Cynics and the Stoics: ‘I am a citizen of the world’. Indeed the etymology of the word and its theory appear to be in wondrous symmetry. There are no records that demonstrate the existence of a cosmopolitan society and yet, throughout history, the concept of cosmopolitanism has continually surfaced as a term to express the basic idea of human unity and a harmonious form of universal governance.


]]> 2021-09-15 23:44:40 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1744191344 Orientalism svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1744198677 2021-09-15 23:49:53 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1744198677 svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1744199851 2021-09-15 23:50:48 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1744199851 Albert Tucker's women svhenty https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1762286901 https://www.afr.com/politics/albert-tucker-the-first-of-the-living-greats-revisited-19900823-k40vr]]> 2021-09-23 07:36:29 UTC https://padlet.com/svhenty/je4p9bfag2wliih2/wish/1762286901