https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2 A timeline of events that have influenced and shaped the NSLP en-us 2021-04-12 00:30:02 UTC 2024-10-13 16:29:42 UTC hello@padlet.com carlycosentino https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405247434 Before 1894, a nationwide program for school lunch did not exist. Then in 1894, one school in Philadelphia began offering lunches for one cent. The program was effective, and eight additional schools were added to the penny lunch program ("A History of School Lunch," 2019). This program was put on by the Women's Educational and Industrial Union and the Starr Center Association in Boston. Students learned healthy eating habits and how to choose their foods wisely. (Rude, 2016). ]]> 2021-04-12 00:46:16 UTC https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405247434 carlycosentino https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405289832 In 1920, a Home Economics class in Boston began serving lunches to elementary students three days a week. A challenge was having no cafeterias or lunchrooms in schools, so students simply ate at their desks. As the beginning of the 20th century unfolded, other cities in the nation began following this "impromptu school lunch program." However, the school lunch program did not experience nationwide success as was hoped for. A barrier was not yet having any government legislation on the state or federal level that guaranteed the continuing success of school lunch (Rude, 2016). ]]> 2021-04-12 01:04:16 UTC https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405289832 carlycosentino https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405308338 Serving a warm meal was difficult for schools in rural areas because there was no space for developing a kitchen or dining area. Some teachers had the clever idea to use the stoves that were normally for heating the classrooms. Large kettles of soup were left to heat on the stoves. The "pint jar method" became popular, where students would bring jars filled with reheatable items such as macaroni or soup and place them in buckets of water on top of the stove. By lunch time, the food would be ready to serve. Parents began giving donations of pots and pans. Yet even with all this development, efforts did not progress fast enough. Kitchen equipment was expensive, and adding a dining room would require considerable remodeling and spending (Avey, 2015). ]]> 2021-04-12 01:12:37 UTC https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405308338 carlycosentino https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405333846 School lunch programs were deemed the "perfect solution" to child malnutrition and hunger after the Great Depression (Rude, 2016). The federal government started supporting school meal programs and by 1941, these programs were operating in all 50 states, plus the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. A count of 64,298 individuals were serving over 2 million lunches daily. However, with the onset of World War II, food supplies reduced and labor became scarce. As a result, the number of school meals served declined dramatically (Rude, 2016).

]]> 2021-04-12 01:21:00 UTC https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405333846 carlycosentino https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405353501 In 1946, President Harry S. Truman signed the National School Lunch Act. Written by Senator Richard B. Russell Jr., the act stated: “It is hereby declared to be the policy of Congress, as a measure of national security, to safeguard the health and well-being of the Nation’s children and to encourage the domestic consumption of nutritious agricultural commodities and other food, by assisting the States, through grants-in aid and other means, in providing an adequate supply of food and other facilities for the establishment, maintenance, operation and expansion of nonprofit school lunch programs." 
-Section 2 of the National School Lunch Act, 1946 ("A History of School Lunch," 2019). The Act came in response to claims that many American men had been rejected for military service in World War II due to diet-related health problems ("History of School Lunch, n.d.). ]]> 2021-04-12 01:29:42 UTC https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405353501 carlycosentino https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405381998 The National School Lunch Program is a "federally assisted meal program operating in public and nonprofit private schools and residential child care institutions." This was the permanent federal support established under the National School Lunch Act of 1946. Children were served with nutritionally balanced, low-cost or no-cost lunches every day. In its first year, the NSLP served about 7.1 million children. The program grew each year and by 2016, 30.4 million children were participating (“National School Lunch Program (NSLP) Fact Sheet,” 2019). Ever since the school lunch program started in 1946, school lunch has been protected by the United States Department of Agriculture, which determines the menus of school lunches (“A History of School Lunch,” 2019). ]]> 2021-04-12 01:41:45 UTC https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405381998 carlycosentino https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405402936 The lunch programs continued to expand to be able to feed more children. Presidents Eisenhower and Nixon both increased the budgets for school lunch programs. The Child Nutrition Act of 1966 added more subsidies for children from low-income households. It also provided school milk and school breakfast programs (Rude, 2016). Local school districts are still required to financially cover the costs of preparing, storing and distributing free meals. The federal government subsidy only pays for the food ("A History of School Lunch," 2019). ]]> 2021-04-12 01:50:17 UTC https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405402936 carlycosentino https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405415283 At the state level in California, the concept of cafeteria-style restaurants developed with an adopted model of food service. Schools liked this model. Food such as spaghetti, boiled vegetables, hamburgers, French fries, and Jell-O was served (“A History of School Lunch,” 2019). The State Meal Program is a child nutrition program funded by the state of California. Money is provided to public school districts for serving "free or reduced-priced nutritious meals to needy children in compliance with the state law" (“State Meal Program,” 2021). ]]> 2021-04-12 01:55:27 UTC https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405415283 carlycosentino https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405435832 During the 1980s, the federal government determined a needed change in federally subsidized public programs. The Reagan administration tried to cut federal funding for school lunch programs. They declared that ketchup was a vegetable in order to restrict the cost of school lunch. The public did not want this change in school lunch programs, and the resistance was strong. (“A History of School Lunch,” 2019). With this cut of $1.5 billion by the Reagan administration, school lunches became privatized, and nutrition standards lowered. This resulted in exponential growth in childhood obesity rates in the United States (Rude, 2016). The repercussions of funding cuts became a national problem to address. ]]> 2021-04-12 02:04:59 UTC https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405435832 carlycosentino https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405482806 The healthfulness of school foods had been called into question long enough. In 2010, Congress passed The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act as an attempt to return to the original goals of school lunch programs. This act allows the Department of Agriculture to rebuild school meals to meet nutrition standards. The act has received mixed feedback, but in 2016 it was reported that it does indeed provide kids with healthier food at school (Rude, 2016). The goal is to make sure children are well fed and healthy so they can best learn in school. Even with all the progress made, the challenge of how to best nourish our students still remains. Today, one in seven, or 11 million, children in America live in households that do not have consistent access to adequate food (“More Than Just Lunch,” n.d.).]]> 2021-04-12 02:25:43 UTC https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405482806 carlycosentino https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405511669 See PDF attachment]]> 2021-04-12 02:38:26 UTC https://padlet.com/carlycosentino/jdv8yntmegj4bsr2/wish/1405511669