Bank Nationalization (1982):
The government took control of the banks to prevent a financial crisis.

Oil Exploitation:
Took advantage of the rising oil prices to strengthen national reserves.

Infrastructure:
Built roads, ports, and airports to modernize the country.

Market Opening:
Sought to diversify international markets for the Mexican economy.

Subsidies:
Implemented subsidies for basic goods like gasoline and electricity to prevent social unrest.

Devaluation and Debt Crisis:
Devalued the peso in 1982 due to falling oil prices, triggering an economic crisis.

Constitutional Reforms (1977):
He introduced reforms to the Mexican Constitution to allow greater political participation, including the creation of the Instituto Federal Electoral (IFE) to oversee elections and ensure fairness.

Political Opening:
López Portillo promoted a political opening by allowing more opposition parties and reducing restrictions on political dissent, marking a shift toward a more pluralistic system.

Strengthening the Executive Power:
His presidency was characterized by strong presidential authority, centralizing power in the Executive branch, a common feature of Mexican politics during that era.

Expansion of the Role of the State:
He advocated for an expanded role of the state in the economy, promoting public ownership and intervention in various sectors, especially in banking and energy.

Creation of the Programa Nacional de Solidaridad (PRONASOL):
This social program aimed to reduce poverty and provide basic services, symbolizing his commitment to addressing social issues, though it was criticized for being politically motivated.