✽ The Feminist Evolution of Understandings of Violence Against Women ✽ by Kaylea Egnor

✽ The Feminist Evolution of Understandings of Violence Against Women ✽ by Kaylea Egnor https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7 Western Perceptions: 1960s-Present en-us 2021-12-02 15:17:17 UTC 2026-03-22 12:05:29 UTC hello@padlet.com 1970s kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1938324791 Grassroots feminist organizations gained national attention for the battered women's movement by holding large rallies across the states.]]> 2021-12-09 14:26:00 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1938324791 1978 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1938372195 U.S. Commission on Civil Rights hearings legitimize the needs of battered women as a national concern

https://wiki.preventconnect.org/violence-against-women-prevention-timeline/ ]]> 2021-12-09 14:42:13 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1938372195 1990 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1939316571 then-Senator Joe Biden initiates the effort to enact the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA)

https://www.genderontheballot.org/the-history-of-the-violence-against-women-act-and-where-it-stands-today/]]> 2021-12-09 23:54:49 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1939316571 1994 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1939322560 the VAWA is passed after four years of heavy opposition from anti-feminist government officials, organizations and lobbyists. As the development of agriculture allowed ancient Mesopotamians to settle and diversify labor, the passing of the VAWA allowed activists in the field to specialize both research and relief for specific forms of violence against women.]]> 2021-12-10 00:01:20 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1939322560 1984 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941168709 The Battered Woman Syndrome written by Lenore Walker ]]> 2021-12-10 22:29:32 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941168709 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941177257

"Marriage-the notion that husband and wife were one and that one was the husband-made domestic violence permissible and acceptable"

ELIZABETH M. SCHNEIDER

ELIZABETH M. SCHNEIDER ET AL., DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND THE LAW: THEORY AND PRACTICE I- 2 (2d ed. 2008).

]]> 2021-12-10 22:41:07 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941177257 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941179126 In England, during the reign of Edward I and articulated in the Statutes of Westminster in 1275 and 1285, the crime of rape took a theoretical leap, from being solely a personal family problem to one related to the extension of the King’s jurisdiction as an issue of “public safety”.42
Marital rape, however, was and in most places still is envisioned as a totally different phenomenon. There was no compensation to be paid, no family disfavor, and no feeling that a threat to public safety had occurred.

Fox, Vivian C. (2002). Historical Perspectives on Violence Against Women. Journal of International Women's Studies, 4(1), 15-34. Available at: https://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws/vol4/iss1/2

]]> 2021-12-10 22:43:53 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941179126 From the Sept. 25, 1964, issue of TIME kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941180333 "The periods of violent behavior by the husband," the doctors observed, "served to release him momentarily from his anxiety about his ineffectiveness as a man, while giving his wife apparent masochistic gratification and helping probably to deal with the guilt arising from the intense hostility expressed in her controlling, castrating behavior."

The article then describes the violence as "temporary therapy".

http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,876203,00.html

]]> 2021-12-10 22:45:41 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941180333 1988 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941189853 Male Peer Support theory introduced, explaining VAW in terms of patriarchal social ties]]> 2021-12-10 23:00:26 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941189853 1993 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941192303 Male Peer Support Theoory expanded and published by Martin Shwartz and Walter DeKeseredy]]> 2021-12-10 23:04:11 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941192303 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941194452 The term “domestic violence” emerged in the United States with the rise of the women’s movement in the 1970s. Before that, violence between partners was considered a private matter.

Alison M. Heru, MD

Psychiatric Times, Psychiatric Times Vol 25 No 9, Volume 25, Issue 9

]]> 2021-12-10 23:07:45 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941194452 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941202495 "Since the 1970s, domestic violence literature has grown exponentially. Current data on domestic violence represents what family violence researchers refer to as ‘the tip of the iceberg’, as the vast majority of domestic violence goes unreported, even today."

Cronin, Virginia Lee, "Silence Is Golden: Older Women's Voices and The Analysis Of Meaning Among Survivor's Of Domestic Violence" (2013). Dissertations - ALL. 19.

]]> 2021-12-10 23:19:22 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941202495 1960s- late 1970s kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941206302 Battered Women]]> 2021-12-10 23:25:13 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941206302 1970s- 1980s kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941206606 domestic violence]]> 2021-12-10 23:25:43 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941206606 1990s kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941206809 intimate partner violence]]> 2021-12-10 23:26:03 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941206809 mid 1990s-present kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941207162 violence against women]]> 2021-12-10 23:26:39 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941207162 battered women kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941210477 symbolizes a weakened and victimized woman, criticized and rarely used in modern discourse for this reason.]]> 2021-12-10 23:32:06 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941210477 domestic violence kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941211031 introduced to stress the point that most of the abuse towards women occurs within the home or close relationships

most commonly used in modern discourse and preferred by many people who have experienced this type of trauma.
Cronin, Virginia Lee, "Silence Is Golden: Older Women's Voices and The Analysis Of Meaning Among Survivor's Of Domestic Violence" (2013). Dissertations - ALL. 19.

]]> 2021-12-10 23:33:02 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941211031 intimate partner violence kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941216143 preferred by some due to its inclusive nature

rejected by feminist scholars due to misrepresenting that this phenomenon doesn't disproportionately affect women]]> 2021-12-10 23:41:58 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941216143 violence against women kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941217336 preferred by feminist scholars due to its reflection of the gender discrepancies of domestic partner violence

argued against being included in legislation by federal lobbyists seeking to appease sexist organizations]]> 2021-12-10 23:43:51 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941217336 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941236049 2021-12-11 00:16:41 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941236049 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941236632 2021-12-11 00:17:41 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941236632 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941238737 2021-12-11 00:21:01 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941238737 "I Don't Hate All Women, Just Those Stuck-Up Bitches" kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941252437 This article discusses two of the main issues of Violence Against Women in modernity: incels and extreme pornography. Having an academic space which has become welcoming to feminist perspectives allows for research like this to combat violent threats to women in post-modern situations.]]> 2021-12-11 00:38:45 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941252437 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941255720 This work by feminist scholar Kristin Anderson offers several propositions explaining the impact of the social patriarchy on coercive control (male peer support theory!) , but this direct quote perhaps communicates the message most strongly:

"gendered structural inequality increases women’s vulnerability"

]]> 2021-12-11 00:44:08 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941255720 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941257393 The Power and Control Wheel was developed in 1984 and attempts to provide a broad explanation of the ways in which people can be violent towards eachother without physical or sexual assault.]]> 2021-12-11 00:46:55 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941257393 Violence against women during covid-19 pandemic restrictions kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941264137 https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m1712.full]]> 2021-12-11 00:57:35 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941264137 The affect of domestic violence on the family rather than just the wife became prevalent with reports such as these which came from diversifying research in the VAWA era. kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941271600 2021-12-11 01:08:37 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941271600 Male Peer Support Theory kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941275534 The Male Peer Support Theory, supported in modern lit as shown above articulates how men getaway with such staggering levels of violence, which is a feminist acknowledgment of a dark truth women have known for generations.

https://www.biscmi.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/bhart_Genderedsocialbond.pdf]]> 2021-12-11 01:14:19 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941275534 The Incel Movement kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941276088 https://www.newyorker.com/culture/cultural-comment/the-rage-of-the-incels

What makes incels dangerous is their capability to orchestrate organized instances of violence against women through online connectivity. The digital communities where these degenerates congregate serve as a breeding ground and sharing pool for dangerous ideas about women, their entitlement to female attention, and how women are to blame for all of the failures of their lives. These conversations and ideas have lead to several real instances of violence against women globally.]]> 2021-12-11 01:15:10 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941276088 Global Lockdowns kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941277838 Through the last three years, the agency of women experiencing violence in their home has lessened even further by the global health crisis. The outside connections which help women survive social situations were, in some instances, entirely restricted by stay-at-home orders. This, on top of the fact that VAW can increase even further during humanitarian crisis¹lead to in some instances tripling rates of domestic violence between February 2019 and February 2020.²

¹Roesch E, Amin A, Gupta J, GarcÃa-Moreno C. Violence against women during covid-19 pandemic restrictions BMJ 2020; 369 :m1712 doi:10.1136/bmj.m1712

²Parkinson, Debra, and Claire Zara. “The Hidden Disaster: Domestic Violence in the Aftermath of Natural Disaster.” 2013. The Australian Journal of Emergency Management, vol. 28, no. 2, Australian Emergency Management Institute, 2013, pp. 28–35, https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informit.364519372739042.

]]> 2021-12-11 01:17:39 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941277838 Anti-Feminist Politics kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941280487 The Obama administration's definition of domestic violence included elaborate acknowledgements of physical, sexual, emotional, economic and psychological abuse¹. It spans the length of the page with statements of how it can happen to anyone regardless of social characteristics, and mention of the cycle of violence. for both victims and abusers. On April 14 2018, without announcement, the Trump administration reduced the entire statement to:

The term “domestic violence” includes felony or misdemeanor crimes of violence committed by a current or former spouse or intimate partner of the victim, by a person with whom the victim shares a child in common, by a person who is cohabitating with or has cohabitated with the victim as a spouse or intimate partner, by a person similarly situated to a spouse of the victim under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction receiving grant monies, or by any other person against an adult or youth victim who is protected from that person’s acts under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction.²

The page then gives a few links then a video twice the size of the definition of the DoJ "celebrating" Domestic Violence Awareness Month. To comment aside from political affiliation, this blatant irony reads like a dark comedy.

This is dangerous to Western perceptions of VAW as it is government endorsed erasure of all non-convicted instances of violence when the majority of them aren't reported, let alone fully prosecuted in favor of the victim.

Fact Checked: https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/doj-change-domestic-violence-definition/

¹https://web.archive.org/web/20180409111243/https:/www.justice.gov/ovw/domestic-violence

²https://www.justice.gov/ovw/domestic-violence

]]> 2021-12-11 01:21:16 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941280487 Military VAW More Frequent but More Overlooked kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941281375 "Incidents of spousal abuse in the military" were "more than twice that of the national population," according to 2019 data cited by the nonprofit Blue Star Families.¹

O'Donnel, Nora, Steve, Kristin, et., al. “Military's Domestic Violence Crisis Compounded after 20 Years of War.” CBS News, CBS Interactive, www.cbsnews.com/news/militarys-domestic-violence-crisis-investigation-norah-odonnell-cbs-news/.

]]> 2021-12-11 01:22:28 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941281375 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941282751 Violence Against Women is especially dangerous when one or more parties involved are in the military, to the extent of alleged cover-ups in the instance of missing women who reported abuse.¹

^qOxner, Reese. “Army Report Finds Fort Hood Soldier Vanessa Guillén Reported Being Sexually Harassed Twice before She Was Killed.” The Texas Tribune, The Texas Tribune, 30 Apr. 2021, www.texastribune.org/2021/04/30/vanessa-guillen-sexual-harassment-fort-hood/.

https://www.wavy.com/domestic-violence-awareness/domestic-violence-in-military-underreported-cases-not-handled-consistently-data-shows/]]> 2021-12-11 01:24:26 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941282751 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941283275 2021-12-11 01:25:18 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941283275 BATTERED WOMEN - A PSYCHOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDY OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (1977) kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941297968 2021-12-11 01:45:28 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941297968 "the silent crisis" kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941302516 Though research increased during the 70s, the issue wasn't accepted as being such a normalcy in the past. Violence against women was seen as an issue subject to be hidden within the household in much of Western society until this point.

https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/wife-beating-silent-crisis]]> 2021-12-11 01:51:57 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941302516 Coercive Control kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941304833 Coercive control, though topic of academic discussion since the 70s, still is not universally recognized for its role in instances of violence against women. This 2013 writing by Evan Stark quotes:

the combination of coercion and control is the most devastating form of abuse as well as the most common. (page 18).

]]> 2021-12-11 01:55:16 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941304833 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941305669 2021-12-11 01:56:25 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941305669 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941306313 2021-12-11 01:57:21 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941306313 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941308343 2021-12-11 01:59:59 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941308343 Pornography kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941309666 Modern porn is constantly becoming more and more predatory through increasing displays of violence, fetishization of children, and reach to young and impressionable audiences.

DeKeseredy,Walter and Anna Deane Carlson. "Understanding The Harms of Pornography: The Contributions of Social Scientific Knowledge". Culture Reframed. 2020.

]]> 2021-12-11 02:01:29 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941309666 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941313154 The increase of sexual imagery in advertisement has lead to humanity seeking something more exciting to sell as porn, which in modern instances is violent sexual imagery. This indoctrinates young males into believing this is what sex is and is increasing instances of violence against women in increasingly younger age ranges.]]> 2021-12-11 02:06:08 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941313154 Nicola Henry. Ph.D kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941317588 Being in middle school during the early 2010's, I was always annoyed by the assemblies we had warning us against sending nudes. I mean, I knew that many of my friends did but none of us understood the consequences of the early days of SnapChat. That was until the boys realized the power they held through coercion and group chats. That was way before any of us understood that what we were doing was the distribution of child pornography. Though, the few times I had friends experience "leaks", it felt criminal. Seeing this phenomenon represented in literature is so important in raising awareness and demonstrating the severity of this new breed of offense. ]]> 2021-12-11 02:11:54 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941317588 Mary Koss, Ph.D kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941319031 Modern feminist literature on VAW has an immeasurable advantage to research of the past: honest female perspective. This is evident in Koss' research which brings to light something women have been conditioned to survive in secret for hundreds of years, that most instances of sexual violence against women are perpetrated by people they already know. Seeing this acknowledgment of the assaults which traumatize women but rarely see administrative justice is an important building block in the societal shift towards believing women. ]]> 2021-12-11 02:13:33 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941319031 Louise McOrmond-Plummer, Ph.D kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941319777 For the first time in history, perspectives towards Violence Against Women are including discussions of early prevention through educating boys against it rather than solely placing responsibility on women due to the gradual shift towards a more feminist social scape.]]> 2021-12-11 02:14:25 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941319777 Callie Rennison, Ph.D kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941322091 2021-12-11 02:17:15 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941322091 Meagan Tyler, Ph.D kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941323270 Sadly, violence is often seen as collateral damage when enacted against sex workers and people who peform sexual labors have experienced disproportionate rates of extreme violence for generations. It's still debated in modern society whether it is even possible to sexually assault a sex worker (which, yes duh). The direct relationship between sex work and homelessness makes these women especially vulnerable. Research like this is an important example of the respect towards otherwise underrepresented demographics which is possible with a more feminist understanding of VAW.]]> 2021-12-11 02:18:41 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941323270 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941323603 Tyler's writing on instagram influencers as sexualized labor is an important piece of modern feminist research. This article addresses the issue of the blurring definition of porn and advertisement in today's digital culture.]]> 2021-12-11 02:19:05 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941323603 modern definition kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941327355 Violence Against Women is now defined by its inability to fit a single definition. Modern feminist discussions include mentions of stalking and the victimization rate of women, digital sexual imagery, the extremely disproportionate violence against sex workers and Indigenous women, coercive control modifications for anti-feminist laws, personal experiences of women, LGBTQ+ relationships, and constantly broadening topics related to the issue.]]> 2021-12-11 02:23:47 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941327355 Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women (MMIW) kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941329176 More than 4 in 5 American Indian and Alaska Native women have experienced violence, and more than 1 in 2 have experienced sexual violence.]]> 2021-12-11 02:26:03 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941329176 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941330366 https://www.csvanw.org/mmiw

The U.S Department of Justice found that American Indian women [girls, and two spirit] face murder rates that are more than 10 times the national average

]]> 2021-12-11 02:27:28 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941330366 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941423074 Indigenous Women, Girls, and Two Spirits experience exponentially high rates of violence compared to other demographics. Why then is this not at the forefront of modern feminist discussions of Violence Against Women? For the same reason that, through the popular modern police brutality discourse it's rarely mentioned that Native people are the most likely minoritized group to be killed by police officers.¹In a social scape where Native people have to fight so hard to be seen, organizations such as the ones below are especially important in fighting VAW. ]]> 2021-12-11 04:53:52 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941423074 kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941424580 MMIW USA is an organization which fights boots on the ground against violence against Native women by holding meetings with self-defense lessons and a staff of survivors providing wisdom and strength to future generations.]]> 2021-12-11 04:57:16 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941424580 this era, spanning the 1980s through 2015 saw many more feminist ideas integrated, but still not many female perspectives behind the publications which was an issue. This is not to discredit the trailblazing work done by researchers during this period, but a phenomenon which so deeply depend on sociological factors unique to womanhood can only be truly represented when writings by those with knowledge of the affects of those undefined factors are included as well. kje0009 https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941437243 2021-12-11 05:28:21 UTC https://padlet.com/kje0009/jblvtuug7zv3rux7/wish/1941437243