Architecture investigation by Lindsay Rude

Name of structure

lindsayrude2 — 2020-04-19 23:50:12 UTC

Include a picture of the building, name of building, years it took to build (ex. 1884-1892), architect/artist (if known), location and the size of the structure.

lindsayrude2 — 2020-04-20 00:24:47 UTC

SHAPE: Visual character

lindsayrude2 — 2020-04-20 00:26:48 UTC

OPENINGS or ROOF AND ROOF FEATURES

lindsayrude2 — 2020-04-20 00:51:34 UTC

PROJECTIONS AND RECESSES or TRIM AND SECONDARY FEATURES

lindsayrude2 — 2020-04-20 00:52:04 UTC

MATERIALS FROM A DISTANCE or SETTING

THE VISUAL CHARACTER AT CLOSE RANGE

lindsayrude2 — 2020-04-20 00:54:16 UTC

MATERIALS AT CLOSE RANGE OR
CRAFT DETAILS

STYLE

lindsayrude2 — 2020-04-20 00:57:45 UTC

Which style, art movement of artists inspired the creation of this structure? For example, does the structure take from both Persian and Greek architecture styles? Which aspects?

Works Cited

lindsayrude2 — 2020-04-20 01:11:44 UTC

The Agora Lelystad Theater

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-20 12:40:15 UTC

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-20 12:41:31 UTC

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-20 12:41:52 UTC

This is the Agora Lelystad, a theater located in Lelystad, Netherlands. It took 3 years to build (2002-2005)[1]. The entire building takes up an impressive 7,000 squared meters (in total it is 30,000 cubed meters). The building was designed by a group of architects led by Ben van Berkel.[2]

- INTRO

ngibson17_2 — 2020-04-20 12:44:12 UTC

The Metro-pol Parasol, or Las Setas of Sevilla is is a canopy-like walking space built above the city of Sevilla, Spain. Designed by German architect Jurgen Mayer- Hernamm. it took a total of 7 years to build between 2004 - 2011 and stands at 50 by 70 meters (490 by 230 ft) and an approximate height of 27 meters, which it tall enough to overlook the entire cities horizon.

- MATERIALS

ngibson17_2 — 2020-04-20 13:00:31 UTC

This construction is made out of timber and polyurethane which is used as a bond and protective layer (Shapiro, 1). it is one of the largest constructions to ever be built with primarily glue, and took an absorbent amount of effort for engineers to create since the environmental setting did not coincide with most glues max performance.

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-20 13:02:48 UTC

Overall Visual Aspects

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-20 13:04:27 UTC

As you can see, this building uses very kaleidoscopic shapes. When you look at it from different angles, it appears like an entirely different building. There are more sharp edges and angles than curves or flat walls, especially in the main theater room (which is pretty unusual). The colors used are very vibrant and monochromatic, as each room and the exterior uses one main color in different values.

- SHAPE

ngibson17_2 — 2020-04-20 13:05:51 UTC

The shape used by this construction can be broken into 2 section, first the technique of lateral crossing in the material that is simultaneously curved, this shape is used as the basis building, and how the building was constructed. this technique created this unique modernistic ambiance that can be seen from the exterior and interior. the second concept of shape used here is the physical appearance from a farther distance, this includes the mushroom like shape with smaller pillars forming a dome shape near the top that slightly curve inwards to create a barrier. in the image below i labeled and showed the areas of the two different shape ' concepts' i explained above. e

Introduction

2020-04-20 13:08:51 UTC

The Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center. It took 5 years to build the The Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center
(2007-2012). Zaha Hadid was the architect. Baku, Azerbaijan location of the building. The size of the whole structure is 57,500 m^2.

OVERALL VISUAL ASPECTS

2020-04-20 13:18:56 UTC

The Heydar Aliyev Cultural Centre’s inner finish material also had to be shaped and fit onto a curved metal substructure, Here the panels are made of cold-bent two-layer fiber-reinforced mineral boards. Resin panels were used for the flooring.

- WORK CITED

ngibson17_2 — 2020-04-20 13:19:12 UTC

Shapiro, Gideon Fink. Architectmagazine.com, www.architectmagazine.com/technology/detail/metropol-parasol_o.

Frearson, Amy. “Metropol Parasol by J Mayer H.” Dezeen, 26 June 2015, www.dezeen.com/2011/04/26/metropol-parasol-by-j-mayer-h/.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Sevilla.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 20 Feb. 2019, www.britannica.com/place/Sevilla-Spain.

Anvivois , Maria. “Spanish Architecture Overview.” Spanish Art, www.spanish-art.org/spanish-architecture.html.

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-20 13:24:01 UTC

The roof as well as walls feature large (flat) windows, which are lined by steel beams. There is one large window on the roof of the building and several windows at an angle near the entrance. This theater's roof is made up of more than 10 panels, each slanted at a slightly different angle. This gives the building the appearance of a crystal, while helping the building survive Lelystad's significant rainfall. [2]

ROOF FEATURES

2020-04-20 13:26:32 UTC

The roof as I said before has a smooth and nice texture that makes an illusion of a fluid that makes the building emerge into the landscape's natural topography.

TRIM AND SECONDARY FEATURES

2020-04-20 13:30:39 UTC

The building has a a huge window in front, you can see it clearly in the pictures above. Apart from that the buidling does have a gallery walk and conference rooms for important buissnes meetings

MATERIALS FROM A DISTANCE

2020-04-20 13:37:24 UTC

We focused, for example, on easy-to-clean external cladding materials because of the heavy air pollution… There are oil refineries and such nearby, and the cladding is white. That's how glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) came up, which is dirt-repellent itself. In general, all building systems are chosen to have high durability and a long lifetime and low maintenance efforts.

THE VISUAL CHARACTER AT CLOSE RANGE

2020-04-20 13:52:29 UTC

Zaha for her first winning award project decided with her own team that Glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) and glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) panels are the predominant materials used in the façade system. The panels are composed of various layers of fine-grain high-performance white cement concrete, reinforced with fiber glass mats, It's a very durable and resistive material which can be made very thin, only a few mm or cm, because there is no concrete cover needed, like for steel reinforcements.

STYLE

2020-04-20 13:56:07 UTC

The architect was inspired By the Russian supermatist painter Kazimir Malevich's abstract geometric.

works cited

2020-04-20 14:03:26 UTC

1) Marcus Fairs | 1 July 2014 7 comments. “Heydar Aliyev Center Was ‘an Incredibly Ambitious Project’ Says Hadid.” Dezeen, 10 May 2015, www.dezeen.com/2014/07/01/designs-of-the-year-2014-zaha-hadid-saffet-kaya-bekiroglu-interview-heydar-aliyev/.

2) “Zaha Hadid Paintings, Bio, Ideas.” The Art Story, www.theartstory.org/artist/hadid-zaha/.

3) “Zaha Hadid Heydar Aliyev.” Designboom, 20 Sept. 2013, www.designboom.com/architecture/zaha-hadid-heydar-aliyev-cultural-center-shapes-azerbaijan/.
Dispenza, Kristin. “Zaha Hadid's Heydar Aliyev Cultural Centre: Turning a Vision into Reality.”

4) Buildipedia, buildipedia.com/aec-pros/from-the-job-site/zaha-hadids-heydar-aliyev-cultural-centre-turning-a-vision-into-reality.

5) Dispenza, Kristin. “Zaha Hadid's Heydar Aliyev Cultural Centre: Turning a Vision into Reality.” Buildipedia,

Saint Basil's Cathedral

2020-04-20 16:19:36 UTC

Saint Basil's Cathedral was comissioned by grand prince of Moscow, Ivan The Terrible in the year 1552. The construction of the cathedral took almost ten years and was consectrated in the year 1562. Although all architects who designed the structure are thought to have been assasinated by the prince, in order to ensure the uniqueness of the structure, it is said that Postnik Yakovlev was the architect of this structure along side Ivan Barma. This building is located in Moscow, Russia standing at a height of 50m and taking up an area 65square meters. (2)

Introduction

2020-04-20 16:30:13 UTC

This house is called the Chalet Anzere(2). It took the span of a year to create (2015)(3), and is located in Switzerland. This house was created by a group of architects who go by the name/acronym seARCH(1). The size of the structure covers 500 m² (1) of area.

Introduction

2020-04-20 16:31:26 UTC

Fallingwater house. It took 3 years to build Fallingwater (1936-1939). The architect was Frank Lloyd Wright. The building is in rural Pennsylvania, USA. The size of the estate of falling water is 70,819,987 m²_^.

Works Cited

2020-04-20 16:32:01 UTC

“The Windows of St. Basil's Cathedral.” American Girls in Moscow, 1 Jan. 1970, www.americangirlsinmoscow.blogspot.com/2008/04/windows-of-st-basils-cathedral.html.
“St. Basil's Cathedral, Moscow, Russia - Russia Travel Guide.” Travel All Russia, 20 Apr. 2020, www.travelallrussia.com/st-basil-moscow.
“The Roof Construction and History of St Basils Cathedral.” Kidd Roofing | Austin, 24 Mar. 2016, www.kiddroof.com/roof-construction-st-basils-cathedral/.
Art notebook

SHAPE/FORM: visual character

2020-04-20 16:34:56 UTC

Although the structure of the building is mostly built using geometric form, certain details shown on the decoration of this building can be described as organic shapes such as the swirls painted on the organic onion domes. The building alone is not a geometric form since it is built with various shapes and structures that complete its distinct form. (4)

Cathedral of Brasilia

2020-04-20 16:47:40 UTC

The wonderful Cathedral of Brasilia, located in Brasilia, Brazil, is a sight to behold. Designed by the famous Oscar Niemeyer, its cornerstone was laid in 1958 (1). The main frame of the cathedral was completed two years later (1). 10 years later, in 1968, the cathedral was consecrated, albeit without a roof, and finally opened to the public in 1970 (1). The building is 40m high with a base measuring 60m in diameter. Furthermore, the nave is 70m in diameter (1).

Below is a picture of the exterior of the Cathedral.

Introduction

fkarlsson2_2 — 2020-04-20 16:55:00 UTC

The Burj Khalifa is the tallest building in the world. It took five years to build it.(2004-2009) It then opened in 2010. There are three architects that designed this building: Adrian Smith, Marshall Strabala and George J. Efstathiou. The Burj Khalifa is located in Dubai (U.A.E) and is 830 m to the tip.

VIA 57 West

2020-04-20 16:55:51 UTC

VIA 57 West is a building in Manhattan, New York, designed by the Bjarke Ingels Group, a group led by the designer Bjarke Ingels (1). The construction began in 2013 and it was completed in August 2016. This incredible structure, used for dwelling purposes, rises to 467 feet at its highest point and is 77,202 sqm (5).

Roof and Roof Features

2020-04-20 16:59:43 UTC

The Cathedral is built with one central tower surrounded by another eight smaller towers. Each of them stand bellow nine uniquely designed onion domes, decorated and thought to resemble flames. All towers are connected with linked passage ways and small roofs but the original domes are meant to be the focal point of this structure. The roof of this structure is what mainly characterises this building. At first, viewers will notice the buildings majestic flame-resmbling domes... But when taking a closer look, you can observe the precise and vivid patterns that make up this building.
(1)

Shape: visual character

2020-04-20 17:06:57 UTC

From far away, the outline of the house appears normal: with 2 basic walls and a gabled roof. Upon closer look however, it is possible to see that the architects created a complex looking geometric columns that divide the house up into separate pieces. It is possible to see up close that the walls become made up of the geometric shapes instead of the walls dividing a singular shape. There are three main shapes which are called to attention from looking at the back of the house. The first shape is the smallest, which sits at the 'bottom' part of the house and appears to prop up the house. This defies what people usually see in houses, and plays with the mind as if the small shape was conquering gravity itself. Above the smallest shape are two irregular polygons creating the form of a classic house. This idea of using irregular shapes to create a shape that people are used to seeing makes for an interesting and intricate pice of architecture that becomes the main focal point of the house. From the side of the house(3), it is possible to see that parts of the house are carved into the mountain itself. This brings the home into a place very in touch with nature and the mountains.

Openings

2020-04-20 17:07:14 UTC

The openings in this house are varied and complex. The openings in this house appear to come from the 3 geometrically shaped windows, the garage opening below, and a variety of small windows at the front of the house. The figure comes across as a series of geometric shapes that create an intricate looking design that also comes across very clean and polished. Due to the fact that only two sides of the house have windows, and the other two sides are basic white walls. This brings in attention to the windows, wooden beams and the interior of the house. There are lights that appear at the front and back windows of the house, that not only illuminates the interior and wooden beams that bring warmth to the house, but also attracts the eye to two specific areas of the house: the front and back. (specifically the back of the house)

Projections and Recesses

2020-04-20 17:07:27 UTC

When looking from far away, it is hard to notice anything other than the abstract opening of the house. However, upon further investigation, I noticed that there are a series of balconies that become camouflaged into the house itself. According to the company Focus(1), that aided in the beautiful interior fireplace, "The three levels of the chalet have large terraces, which are connected by external stairways and offer a sensational view of the Dents Blanches peaks." Another interesting aspect of the house is how the garage connects through the mountain with an elevator to the house itself. In fact, according to the Cool Hunter Journal(2), "The garage, accessible from the lower road, is connected to all levels through an elevator that was carved into the mountain." This demonstrates the complexities that the architects had to overcome: from constructing an elevator within a mountain to making complex balcony design that appears slick and complex at the same time.

setting

2020-04-20 17:08:02 UTC

The mountain and snow like setting contradicting the wooden exterior of the house brings in a cozy feature for the home. This house is built into the Alps in Switzerland(1), and has a beautiful view of the mountainside. Due to the fact that the house uses a is placed in a snowy setting, the house brings in warmth that the cold outside does not. This brings in more focus to the interior of the house itself, and the many lamp lights illuminating from the very large windows. The white roof and two white walls of the house accent the snow, and brings in even more attention to the warm interior of the house. Although the interior uses a lot of gray, the house does not seem any less warm. The grey tones offsets the coldness in the white outside, and the many wooden beams bring n a coziness that does not take away from the advanced and clean architecture within. Another interesting thing that appears with the setting of the house is the way that the house at times camouflages into the pristine scenery. The house appears to be a small cabin, but upon further viewing, it is possible to see that the house is built into the mountainside, with the top of the house appearing as a cabin-like place and a full garage coming out from the bottom of the mountain area. This allows the landscape not to be taken away by a building, but instead accentuating and adding onto the scenery. Since this house is built on a mountain(1), it gives a, "phenomenal view over the Dent Blanche Massif with 4000+ peaks of Matterhorn, Dent Blanche, Dufourspitze and Weisshorn." (3) This demonstrates how the scenery clearly correlates with this cabin-like design, and how the cabin itself becomes a part of the landscape itself.

THE VISUAL CHARACTER AT CLOSE RANGE: MATERIALS AT CLOSE RANGE

2020-04-20 17:08:19 UTC

it iThe interesting thing about this house is the fact that when looking at afar you expect the material to be similar to the exterior of the house, which is wood. That is not the case. The interior of the house is concrete, which I found very interesting, because expect such a "cool" aesthetic to emit from a house with a wooden exterior. Upon looking up why concrete was used in a home(5), I discovered that concrete is durable and lasts much longer than wood, that it is fire resistant, that homes become quieter (harder to make a lot of noise), that it is less attractive to insects, it is better for the environment, and is very versatile. All these positive aspects and of a home with a concrete interior really demonstrate that the technology within the home is advanced and creates a place that is very easy to upkeep. The concrete interior has a long list of positive benefits, and does not take away from the cozy aesthetic because of the wooden exterior and the intricate fireplace.

Work cited

fkarlsson2_2 — 2020-04-20 17:08:21 UTC

1)https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/the-tower/design-construction/

2)https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-concept-behind-Burj-Khalifa

3)http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/burj-khalifa/3

4)https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/

5)https://sites.google.com/site/burjkhalifatower/directory

6)https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/stories/

7)https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/dubai/6936250/Burj-Khalifa-window-cleaners-to-spend-months-on-worlds-tallest-building.html

Photos:

1)https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/assets/FACT-SHEET.pdf

2)https://www.google.com/search?q=burj+khalifa+design+from+above&rlz=1CAZJXP_enAR875&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj42NL3joHpAhWpHrkGHdMyA1wQ_AUoAXoECBQQAw&biw=1536&bih=746&safe=active&ssui=on#imgrc=WJhy8j3OjkiY7M

3)https://www.google.com/search?q=burj+khalifa+windows&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjB-8DLjoHpAhXqG7kGHV_sBAcQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=burj+khalifa+win&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgBMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIAFC4wQJY2MMCYLDRAmgAcAB4AIABjAGIAcUCkgEDMS4ymAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=img&ei=SuKiXsGuKuq35OUP39iTOA&bih=746&biw=1536&rlz=1CAZJXP_enAR875&safe=active&ssui=on#imgrc=4_ZsosRv8dW77M

4)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RAoHwkxxan8

5)https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/the-tower/facts-figures/

6)https://www.alamy.com/details-of-burj-khalifa-highest-skyscraper-in-the-world-828-meter-image64820939.html

7)https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-concept-behind-Burj-Khalifa

style

2020-04-20 17:08:25 UTC

This structure was inspired by(1) the impressive Grand Chalet Balthus in Rossinière and its grand and wooden structure(4). This structure is also inspired by the traditional chalet (2), which is made up of a solid wooden house with shuttered windows and built on a stone foundation. Thins modern twist combines the grandness of the grand chalet, traditional chalet aspects; using a variety of new modern ideas to make the house much more interesting.

work cited

2020-04-20 17:08:29 UTC

1)https://www.focus-fireplaces.com/architecture-fireplaces/exceptional-interiors/chalet-anzere

2)https://thecoolhunter.net/7778-2/

3)https://www.archdaily.com/785167/chalet-anzere-search

4)https://www.chateau-doex.ch/en/Z1852/grand-chalet-de-rossiniere

5) https://concretehomes.net.nz/why-concrete/

La Sagrada Familia.

2020-04-20 17:08:41 UTC

(1)Antoni Gaudí spent his entire career in Spain, Barcelona, where he built all of his projects including the most famous of which is the 1883 cathedral La Sagrada Familia, which is still under construction today. (2)La Sagrada Familia is currently 170 meters tall, 90 meters long, has a width of 60 meters, a (nave) width of 45 meters, is in total 41,000 m² and has a capacity of 9,000 people.

La Sagrada Familia (13)

Shape

2020-04-20 17:14:41 UTC

Oscar Niemeyer designed the building in a way to make it stand out against the surrounding buildings. Most of the exterior is covered by sixteen concrete columns (each weighing 90 tons) with a unique shape. the columns give the building a kind of hourglass or hyperbolic shape, with the top resembling like a crown of thorns (1) or two hands pointing to the sky (2). Furthermore, the columns have hyperbolic sections (2).

Below is another picture of the Cathedral, notice the overall shape of the building and the columns. The "crown" of the building also stands out, surrounded by the columns and topped with the cross

Shape/Form: Visual character

fkarlsson2_2 — 2020-04-20 17:17:15 UTC

The building has a “Y” shape from above and is very tall. Its shape is very unusual and inspired by (1,2) a desert flower called the Hymenocallis.

It is very different from the neighboring ones. The ones surrounding it have usual, ordinary shapes when the Burj Khalifa has a very original and unusual one. The Burj Khalifa is the tallest building in the world. (3) It is narrow. It is very complicated since it is inspired by a flower. Flowers have very complex shapes since they are not squared and have no right angle. This inspiration made the construction of the building more difficult than for ordinary buildings. This is what makes the Burj Khalifa so original and unique along with its unimaginable height. The Burj Khalifa is a very modern building belonging in the style of biomimetic architecture. Biomimetic architecture is a way of constructing buildings inspired by nature.

Openings

fkarlsson2_2 — 2020-04-20 17:17:28 UTC

The windows on the Burj Khalifa are mainly squares aligned with each other. They are small surely because the building is so tall, the windows have to be safe and small enough to deprive a person of fitting through it. However, the building is filled with windows so that the people can fully enjoy the magnificent views inside the building. Since the tower has the shape of a flower (from above), the walls are rounded. The windows are squared and their surfaces are rounded as well. The entrance of the building is very large and modern. It is very proportionate to the building since the building is so tall. Putting a small entrance for this tower would not have made any sense.

Setting (3)

2020-04-20 17:20:28 UTC

The house views a series of mountains and beautiful scenery.

Materials From a Distance and setting

2020-04-20 17:20:32 UTC

From afar, we can observe the red brick used as the main construction material for this structure. It is clear that golden poles/golden layered poles stand tall above each of the domes and paint is used to decorate the domes /walls of the cathedral.The cathedrals setting enhances the building by prioritising the visibility of the structure above anything else. The cathedral is located at the centre of Red Square, one of the most important locations in Russia due to the presidential residency that stands just a small distance away from the cathedral.
(1)

STYLE Which style, art movement of artists inspired the creation of this structure?

2020-04-20 17:24:48 UTC

It was made sure with the assasination of its architects that the structural design of the cathedral is completely unique and without any known predecessors. However, it is said that its various towers all compacted to form one is a technique common during the Byzantine Empire. Furthermore, its colossal structure and attentive detail is said to be influenced from original muslim architecture. Although it may have been influenced by these cultures, the structure was originally built to represent the victorious battle of Kazan. Each dome is supposed to be a representation of each day faced in this battle. In addition, the cathedral was designed to resemble an eight-pointed star, with each tower on one of eight compass points which is a common significant biblical symbol.(3)

PROJECTIONS AND RECESSES or TRIM AND SECONDARY FEATURES

2020-04-20 17:25:00 UTC

The trims around each window are always a bold white paint over the brick. This simple feature contributes to the precision of the design on the buildings exterior. Although sometimes patterns can be seen as all over the place, this building succeeds in that area demonstrating the power that precise yet vivid decoration can have on the impression of a buildings exterior. Since this building is mainly charactised by its impecible attentive detail, exterior wall pannels are found everywhere you look, arcades support parts of the towers adding a special touch to the buildings structure, cornices embellish every corner, turrets assemble the main construction,and pediments model above the roofs.
(1)

THE VISUAL CHARACTER AT CLOSE RANGE and MATERIALS AT CLOSE RANGE OR CRAFT DETAILS

2020-04-20 17:26:21 UTC

Originally, the cathedral was painted white and the domes were made of tin, covered by a layer of gold. In the 1670's, the structure was rennovated and the white and gold design was replaced with the vivid patterns seen today. (2) The building is souly made of brick and layered colored tiles with occasional gold poles to add to the decoration of the building. The brick, textured with vertical grooves, is mostly observable at the bottom of the building since, as the building rises, the details have a more significant impact. The main construction material (brick) is kept clean and simple to enhance the colors and patterns. Although the pattern stand out from a distance, at close the ebullience of precise and detailed colors will suprise you. What most stood out to me was knowing the time in which the building was built yet seeing it as such a monumental and beautifully structured cathedral. Every detail was hand made yet the buildings clean and strong detail makes it look like it was built yesterday.

Projections and recesses

fkarlsson2_2 — 2020-04-20 17:36:52 UTC

The building has the shape of a flower from above which means that the walls are in some edges of the building, rounded. The entire tower is covered with windows and bay windows. It’s the tower’s shape that defines its character. There is on the top of this massive skyscraper, (3) a two meter long antenna. There are a few balconies on the Burj Khalifa, especially high up so that people can enjoy looking at the views from outside. This building contains (4) hotels, galleries, a club (spa & gym) as well restaurants.

Materias from a distance

fkarlsson2_2 — 2020-04-20 17:39:03 UTC

The Burj Khalifa is made of (5) glass, concrete, steel, silicone, and aluminum. The outside facade of the tower is mainly glass which creates sun reflections throughout the day. Dubai is a city where there is sun almost the entire year. The sun makes the tower’s walls look very shiny which is very noteworthy when we see the building from a distance.

Visual character at close range: Craft details

fkarlsson2_2 — 2020-04-20 17:40:23 UTC

The outside facade of the Burj Khalifa is mainly made of glass and contains almost 25 000 windows aligned with each other. (7) Since the walls had to be rounded in parts of the building, the squared windows were precisely cut and joined together at certain angles so that the tower would have the shape that the designers wanted it to have: the desert flower.

Style

fkarlsson2_2 — 2020-04-20 17:40:36 UTC

The Burj Khalifa was not inspired by a particular art movement, but by nature. (1,2) The three designers of the building were inspired by a desert flower called the Hymenocallis. The shape of the tower from above has the shape of that flower. However, some parts of the interior are inspired by Middle Eastern culture. For instance, the sand dunes can be seen in the flooring, carpets and ceilings.(6) The Burj Khalifa belongs in the Neo-futurism and biometic architecture style. These styles of architecture are very recent and the Burj Khalifa is one of the first structures adapting to them. That is why, this building is itself an inspiration to other architects and designers.

- ROOF DESIGN

ngibson17_2 — 2020-04-21 16:37:47 UTC

the metropol parasol is an open top design with a walking path over it in a loop, with viewing areas.the top area also has partial roofing for shade in areas which curve over like a tunnel. simular to a butterfly roof design but with a cover. it uses open cross design on the edges of the roof which allow light to pass though but also providing shade when you approach the building. making the metropols roof the most useful and purposeful area of the building.

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-21 16:55:38 UTC

This building also uses many projections. One example is the overhang of the foyer. The purpose of this foyer is to connect the building, but also to give people the experience of both the artist and the audience. Above the entrance there is the "Artist's Foyer" which allows people inside to view people coming in through an angled window.

Another projection in this building could be the exterior walls themselves (as well as the walls of the main theater), because they are angled in jagged points portruding from the main building space. One of these jagged projections forms a large horseshoe mezzanine in the main theater.

- SETTING

ngibson17_2 — 2020-04-21 16:57:16 UTC

the city of Seville is considered a historical area of Spain for its Iberian and roman history,
(editors of Britannica, 3) while it is quickly began
urbanizing since 2000 the construction of the metropol parasol is a very modernistic design, which based itself in the center of a historical market. this made it a very noticeable change to the city which in my opinion has made it a significant landmark for this part of Spain for its nontraditional appearance and references to futuristic and innovative designs.

Antinori Winery

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-21 22:16:15 UTC

The building site was opening in 2007, and it was completed by the end of 2012. This winery was designed by Marco Casamonti, a famous Italian architect who is co-founder of the Archea Associati architectural firm. It is located in the Chianti Classico region in Bargino Italy. The building has a total of 50,000 square meters.

shape: visual character

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-21 22:18:56 UTC

This building’s structure is very modern and minimalistic, yet abstract and unique. Being built into the hillside, it experiments with a geomorphological style; it’s terracotta colored, long and slithering shape almost invisible as it smoothly splits the landscape of the vineyard horizontally, like a one-step curved stair, fusing with its purpose through architecture. It is unlike any of the other evident, Italian-villa-style buildings around. It has a long, wavy, dramatic access for cars —kind of like a short, wide, and flat truncated spiral— that runs parallel to the building, complementing it’s wavy style. The use of circular forms for the structure’s details are intended to resonate with the round shapes of the glasses, bottles, and barrels of wine as a way to express architectural symbolism. This winery has an altimetrical set-up, meaning it has various levels along its two main storeys, each one located and designed purposely for the specific requirements of the area it holds. This set-up follows both the grapes’ process of production that is laid out in a descending manner, conveying the illusion of a gravitational pull, and the ascending path visitors take when they come in through the parking lot. The building has several circular openings, one with a truncated spiral staircase that shrinks again at the top, that connects the lowest level with the upper terrace. This elaborate staircase not only enhances the building with a touch of glamour and more waviness, but also adds some intricacy to the wide walkway in front of the modern, minimalist side of the outside levels, that are lined with a long, flat wall of glass windows, directly revealing the inside areas.

Shape

2020-04-21 23:41:11 UTC

Fallingwater is built using geometric shapes and can be seen as rigid, as multiple parts of the house are uneven and unsymmetrical. Although fallingwater stands high up it's interior with low ceilings and natural materials portrays Frank Lloyd's vision, that the house is as peaceful as the nature around it. (1) Fallingwater is composed of flat and quadrilateral shapes as there are no curves to the building, giving the home it's rigid yet comforting feel.

Setting

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-22 12:03:18 UTC

This building does not really blend in or interact with its environment- in fact, it's the opposite. Lelystad is a relativel small city, with a population of less than 80,000. However, the interesting thing about this building and the town it is in is that it is part of a masterplan to "reinvent" the town. This plan by Adriaan Geuze includes tranforming the "old" city into a hotspot of modern, colorful, exciting architecture in order to give the city a youthful feel [3].

Roof and Roof Features

2020-04-22 13:47:18 UTC

With the Cathedral's hyperbolic structure, the roof appears to be raised towards the sky (2). Composed of colorful glass plates (30 meter triangles)(1), the Cathedral's roof swirls with different shades of blue, white, and brown (3). These triangles were designed and pieced to fit between the columns precisely, measuring 30m high and 10m across (3). Inside, three angels (sculptures) are suspended in mid-air by steel cables. Ranging in size from 2.22 to 4.25m long and weighing 100-300kg each, they were built by Alfredo Ceschiatti and Dante Croce in 1970 (3).

This image shows the interior of the Cathedral and the patterns on the roof.

Roof

2020-04-22 13:56:51 UTC

Most of the roof of fallingwater is open and can be used as extended balconies. Which adds to Frank Lloyd's inspiration that we should be more open and at peace with nature. This is the main feature of the multiple roofs as the building is layered therefore having multiple open rooftops.

2020-04-22 14:10:05 UTC

(1)

Roof and Roof Features

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 14:11:26 UTC

Roof and Roof Features: The roof of this structure is precisely what gives it its geomorphological style; it is what fulfills the building’s thematic and architectural goal of blending in and camouflaging with the vineyard landscape and thus it is barely visible. The roof extends horizontally in the hill’s natural, barely steep slope, and is completely coated in farmland, with the exception of several circular glass-window openings, that allow natural daylight to illuminate the otherwise dark interior of the building. It is as if the hill naturally covered the structure, so the shape and slope of the roof blend in just as naturally as the farmland it is made out of.

2020-04-22 14:11:44 UTC

(1)

2020-04-22 14:16:32 UTC

2020-04-22 14:21:26 UTC

Traditional Byzantine Architecture
(3)

Projections and Recesses

2020-04-22 14:26:32 UTC

The Cathedral also has a bell tower, with four bells that were donated by Spain (3). Additionally, as you enter, you can see a marble pillar with pictures of passages of the life of the Virgin Mary, painted by Athos Bulcao (3). Upon the top of the Cathedral stands a cross. Outside stand four bronze statues, known as the Four Evangelists. Niemeyer and Lucio Costa combined modern curved lines and Brazilian baroque in their techniques and materials.

The image below shows the unique bell tower outside the Cathedral. With the shape of a T, the four bells stand next to each other.

PROJECTIONS AND RECESSES

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 16:05:34 UTC

In the modern, minimalist side of the building’s outside levels there is a giant, elongated, canopy roof that runs along the second level above ground, with the thick terracotta roof that holds the farmland on top over it, and a small part of the first outside level’s wide walkway under it. Along with the floor between them, it separates the outside levels’ flat wall of glass windows that directly reveal the inside areas. The building’s altimetrical set-up creates several voids where the various stacked levels of the two main stories are evident. These empty spaces give the building its spacious style, and create ideal places to, for instance, place the giant truncated spiral staircase.

^Image citations (in order front top to bottom)

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 16:41:14 UTC

#1: Archea Associati, Content of Archea Cantina Antinori, Archute, Archute, October 16. 2018, BwT4UUtCQAAMGWU.jpg, www.archute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/BwT4UUtCQAAMGWU.jpg

#2: Pietro Savorelli, building blended into landscape, Archute, October 16. 2017, www.archute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/ARCHEA_CANTINA_ANTINORI_004_PS-1.jpg

#3: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 14.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_14.jpg

#4: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 1.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_1.jpg

Image Citation:

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 16:56:12 UTC

Archea Associati, Archea Cantina Antinori, wp content, Archute, Archute, 2017, October 16. 2018, MG_7515-1.jpg, www.archute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/MG_7515-1.jpg

Image Citations

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 17:03:00 UTC

#1: Pietro Savorelli, building blended into landscape, Archute, October 16. 2017, www.archute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/ARCHEA_CANTINA_ANTINORI_004_PS-1.jpg

#2: Leonardo Finotti, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 7sqa.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_7sqa.jpg

Image Citations

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 17:32:17 UTC

#1: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 14.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_14.jpg

#2: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 6.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_6.jpg

#3: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 1.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_1.jpg

Setting

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 17:34:05 UTC

This Winery is located in the hills of the Chianti Classico region in Bargino Italy. The visual character of the building is centered on the way it is constructed into the vineyard hill landscape, which is also an essential aspect of its setting: it is what architecturally unites the economical, functional and cultural relationship the wine business holds with the landscape. Since this is the meaningful goal of the building, it’s interior aspects are built according to the site as well. For instance, the bodegas where the wine is stored are specially located in relation to earth so that they get naturally insulated and maintain a guaranteed ideal temperature for the maturing wine process. The restaurant is also intentionally built in the uppermost level of the structure, not camouflaged like the rest of its parts, as its function is to give visitors a panoramic view of the whole vineyard. The curvy cars’ access road is another exemple, as it is built according to the hill’s slope, accentuating the elevation of the land. Finally, the ascending path visitors take through the building from the parking lot is designed to match the elevated hill setting of the winery. Every little aspect of this winery always reflects on the characteristics of the landscape it is built on, and for this reason the grape vine setting plays an essential role in its meaningful and architectural character.

Image Citations

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 17:34:10 UTC

#1: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 11.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_11.jpg

#2: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 9.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_9.jpg

#3: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 12.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_12.jpg

Materials At Close Range

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 17:36:16 UTC

As this building’s objective is to merge with earth in every way possible, it uses materials whose composition, color, and texture do just that. It is fully constructed with local materials, including the farmland. The use of the predominant terracotta material all around the inside and outside of the structure contributes to the bonding character it holds with the land, as well as the respectful and sustainable relationship it aspires to have with nature. Other types of unglazed, clay-based blocks and wood are also used, like the bricks that cover every inch of the under-ground wine cellars. To enhance the otherwise purely natural aspects, other more industrial materials such as weathered steel and glass are wisley incorporated, in juxtaposition, to give the building it’s modern and industrial character. Even though the earthly and modern are contrasting materials, they balance out in an even combination and distribution all around the winery. For instance, the clay-based walls all have a smooth finish that matches the neat finish industrial materials always have, and all the metal railings are painted in the same terracotta color as the real terracotta clay. Another example can specifically be seen in the modern, glass-walled, cubic conference room incorporated into one of the brick-lined walls of the underground wine cellars. This structure’s materialistic composition literally defines the winery: an industry based on the harvest of grape vines.

Image Citations

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 17:36:54 UTC

#1: Leonardo Finotti, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 2sq.jpg, https://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_2sq.jpg

#2: Leonardo Finotti, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 3jpg, https://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_3.jpg

#3: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 8.jpg, https://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_8.jpg

Style

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 17:37:24 UTC

Considering this structure was made between 2007-2012, it meets the standards for contemporary architecture: 21st century architecture that widely varies in styles and greatly resembles sculpture. This structure was profoundly inspired in the biophilic architectural style, which consists of building structures that look to be connected with nature through their structural components, such as having natural ventilation, natural lighting, and other environmentally friendly characteristics that create a sustainable environment for people. These aspects can be seen in the winery’s use of local materials, it's landscape roofing, and its naturally insulated wine cellars. Besides this, a modern architectural style, —which consists of innovative construction technologies that embrace minimalism, goes by the methodology that form follows function, and uses materials like steel, glass, and reinforced concrete— can be seen in the incorporation of glass openings and walls, steel railings, the spiral staircase, and the neat, minimalistic construction finishes.

Image Citations

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 17:37:28 UTC

#1. Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 14.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_14.jpg

#2. Archea Associati, Content of Archea Cantina Antinori, Archute, Archute, 2017, October 16. 2018, jpg.jpg, www.archute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Antinori_Winery_-_www.tstyledme.com_wp-content_uploads_2013_06_Rinuccio-1180-restaurant-winery-architecture.jpg.jpg

#3. Pietro Savorelli, Archea Cantina Antinori, Archute, Archute, October 16. 2017, 004_PS-1.jpg, www.archute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/ARCHEA_CANTINA_ANTINORI_004_PS-1.jpg

#4. Leonardo Finotti, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 3jpg, https://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_3.jpg

Works Cited

lbaquero2_2 — 2020-04-22 17:37:49 UTC

Boiling, Chris. “18.” World's Best Vineyards, William Reed Business Media Ltd, 8 July 2019, www.worldsbestvineyards.com/antinori-nel-chianti-classico/.

“Contemporary Architecture.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Apr. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contemporary_architecture.

“Seven Principles of Biophilic Design.” SageGlass, Saint-Gobain, 16 Aug. 2016, www.sageglass.com/en/article/seven-principles-biophilic-design.

Frearson, Amy. “Antinori Winery by Archea Associati.” Dezeen, Dezeen, 12 Mar. 2016, www.dezeen.com/2013/05/04/antinori-winery-by-archea-associati/.

“Modern Architecture.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Apr. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_architecture.

Nyawara, Brenda. “Antinori Winery: An Exemplary Merge of Architecture, Landscape and Class by Archea Associati.” Archute, Archute, 16 Oct. 2017, www.archute.com/antinori-winery-exemplary-merge-architecture-landscape-class-archea-associati/.

MATERIALS AT CLOSE RANGE:(3)

2020-04-23 14:27:03 UTC

The interior of the house using concrete and a intricate fireplace, also showing the wooden exterior.

CITATIONS

2020-04-23 15:04:59 UTC

https://www.timeout.com/newyork/art/best-architects-of-all-time-ranked (1)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagrada_Fam%C3%ADlia (2)

https://www.google.com/search?q=What+style+of+architecture+is+the+Sagrada+Familia%3F&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjn7OGD8fzoAhXaH7kGHcD8AhcQzmd6BAgPEBw&biw=1280&bih=578 (3)

https://theculturetrip.com/europe/spain/articles/15-amazing-facts-you-need-to-know-about-la-sagrada-familia/ (4)

http://www.gaudiallgaudi.com/AA012El+cons.htm (5)

http://www.gaudiallgaudi.com/AA012El+cons.htm (6)

https://study.com/academy/lesson/la-sagrada-familia-location-fa-ade-interior.html (7 entrances)

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Sagrada_Familia (form)

ROOF AND ROOF FEATURES

2020-04-23 15:14:15 UTC

(11) The ‘base’ of La Sagrada familia’s roof isn’t very visible, but the higher ones are those of the central nave, they are composed of a series of pyramids – one by vault – connected between them and with the large windows pediments with some large paraboloids. They are culminated by lampposts with references to the Holy Family. Between the roof and the vaults, it is a space of some 25 meters divided into four plants connected by small spiral staircases. The lighting is carried out through skylights on the mentioned pyramids and in the spaces between the large windows and the pediments. The lateral naves roofs are almost flat, to allow larger windows in the central nave upper walls. Small interior stairs and exterior steps assure the accessibility.

La Sagrada Familia bird's eye view (12)

- PROJECTIONS & RECESSIONS

ngibson17_2 — 2020-04-23 15:30:30 UTC

in the metropol parasol it is clearly visible recession on the building which creates a mushroom like shape that curves to small entrances as the bottom. in the image below ( Shapiro, 4) it shows how the recession of the lower levels of our construction create a mushroom or done shaped top.

Style

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-23 15:41:24 UTC

This building uses modern architecture. The town of Lelystad itself was founded in 1967, so was heavily influenced by the modern art movement. This building reflects this art movement because of its lack of decorations, geometretical shapes, floor to ceiling windows, and generally open interior. The building kind of has a feel of minimalism because the structure appears simple and geometrical, and the building uses monochrome colors to attract attention instead.[4]

- STYLE

ngibson17_2 — 2020-04-23 15:44:19 UTC

the metropol parasol was never meant to fit in with the city it was built in. with sevilles history just looking internal with Spains architecture history of many arches and intense attention to details and religious references ( Anvivios, 3). it does though use lattices which is very common in spanish architecture. but it does so in a way that pushed the limits of what is creativity and laws of phyisics. which makes this building be rejected from what design is suppose to be for traditional spanish standards.

- CRAFT DETAIL

ngibson17_2 — 2020-04-23 15:44:53 UTC

the craftsmanship exhibited in this construction is quite intense, even with the lack of detail in the complexity in the building. with the intricate shape design of cross lateral designs, complexity of roof layout with a walking path and dropping floors for shade, and using souly glue to connect everything in the building. it is understandable to see how the detail if the metropol parasol may be unconventional but thorough

Shape: Visual Character

2020-04-23 17:37:53 UTC

The VIA 57 West has a breath-taking shape that makes up its architectural identity and distinguishes it from the geometrical, traditional Manhattan high-rises that surround it. For starters, there is a hole in the middle of the structure, which is a courtyard for the tenants. Also, the building has a roof that slopes downwards, by one corner of the building going up to a peak of 467 feet, towards the Hudson River in front of it (5). These two factors allow the building's shape to change depending on the perspective. From the West-Side-Heighway, the building appears to be a pyramid while from West 58th street, it appears to be a dramatic, glass spire (4). This difference in perspective is shown in the following image of the building:

Materials at a distance

2020-04-23 20:11:24 UTC

The white concrete columns, paired with the glass roof, definitely make the building stand out. The concrete columns add to the religious theme, as the top was designed to resemble a crown of thorns (1). The white, smooth surface of the concrete add to the simple beauty of the Cathedral's exterior.

As you can see below, the Columns and the glass roof/walls are not very extravagant, but their simplicity make up the beauty of the temple.

Crafting Details

2020-04-23 20:13:35 UTC

Niemeyer’s communist and political beliefs had hoped that any future regime would be established in Brazil. The Cathedral was designed so that when Brazil was becoming communism, the importance of his creation, the Cathedral, would not be lost (2). The stained glass gives the inside of the Cathedral an ethereal feel. Since ancient times, stained glass with holy paintings have given churches a sense of divinity, as the light pierces the colored glass and envelopes the church in a myriad of colors (4). While the Cathedral's roof doesn't contain holy figures, its various shades of colors certainly give the inside an air of importance and a mystical glow.

As you can see in the picture below, the light that pierces is reflected into a variety of colors, as seen on the floor.

2020-04-23 20:24:35 UTC

The Four Evangelists stand by the entrance, lining the way.

Style

2020-04-23 20:41:06 UTC

Niemeyer created the Cathedral in a way to emphasize a clean, unified, and untainted exterior, a sanctuary (5). Oscar Niemeyer once said, "The exterior: the aerial structure born of the earth, a cry of faith and hope; then the gallery situated in shadow to prepare the faithful for the religious spectacle; in short, the contrasts of light and the exterior effects, with the faithful leaving the world behind and projecting themselves from the cathedral into infinite space"(5). Inside, there are clear influences from Brazilian Baroque and Aleijadinho, with the Four Evangelists lining the path to the entrance. Furthermore, Niemeyer says in his memoirs, "In the Metropolitan Cathedral at Brasilia (...) I avoided conventional solutions which had produced the old dark cathedrals reminding us of sin. On the contrary, I designed a dark entrance hall, leading to the nave, which is brightly lit, colorful, its beautiful, transparent stained glass windows facing infinite space" (5).

Outside stand the statues, influenced by the style of Aleijadinho and Brazilian baroque.

Projections and Recesses

2020-04-23 20:55:53 UTC

There are multiple terraces and balconies in fallingwater which not only add to the character of the building because they project outwards away from the centre of the building. But also add to the core inspiration of the building, the idea that we as humans are apart of nature. (2) It does this as it adds a sense of openness towards the forest that surrounds the building. Below is a model of the house and it can be seen how many projections there are.

Setting

2020-04-23 20:56:18 UTC

The setting is what truly makes fallingwater the masterpiece that it is. The house built just above flowing river. It is also surrounded by a dense forest. Both of these things truly create the buildings identity as it shows Frank Lloyd's vision. The building is hidden away in the forest because it allows for the then residents and now guests to take a step back from their busy lives and truly enjoy their surroundings. (1) This was one of the main wishes of the Kauffmann family as it was designed as their escape from their life in busy Pittsburgh. However what fallingwater is truly know for is the waterfall just below, this is the iconic view that truly defines fallingwater. It was chosen as the Kauffmann family had visited and enjoyed that very waterfall that the house is built above. This is what initially gave Frank Lloyd the idea of where to place the building. (3)

This is a view from the bottom of Fallingwater and it truly shows how important setting is to the building.

Works Cited

2020-04-23 21:10:57 UTC

1.Dunnell, T., n.d. Cathedral Of Brasília. [online] Atlas Obscura. Available at: .

2. WikiArquitectura. n.d. Brasilia Cathedral - Data, Photos & Plans - Wikiarquitectura. [online] Available at: .

3. Megan Sveiven. "AD Classics: Cathedral of Brasilia / Oscar Niemeyer" 05 Jan 2011. ArchDaily. Accessed 23 Apr 2020. ISSN 0719-8884

4. Plan n Design. n.d. Importance Of Glass In Architecture Design. [online] Available at: [Accessed 23 April 2020].

5. Steuerman-Kinston, S., n.d. The Journey Of The Modernist Line. [ebook] p.page 6. Available at: .

All supporting imagery: Wikimedia Commons.

Roof and Roof Features

2020-04-23 22:39:18 UTC

The roof and roof features the VIA 57 West has contributes to the character of the building because of its complexity and uniqueness. The steep slope the building has makes there be no true roof, instead a three-sided façade that reflects a fishbone interior wall pattern (2) and acts as a transition in scale between the low-rise structures to the south and high-rise towers to the north and west of the building (5). The roof being highly visible, consisting of a simple ruled surface perforated by terraces, builds its architectural identity because its the reason the VIA 57 West stands out against its surrounding buildings (2). Although the shape of this roof is the most noticeable aspect of it, the manner in which the roof slopes brings the low western sun deep into the block allowing the material making up the roof to reflect the sunlight, much like the water on the Hudson River (4).

Projections and Recesses

2020-04-23 23:00:03 UTC

On the sloped roof, there are a series of terraces that look out over the Hudson River. These terraces are structured in a way that it appears as if someone cut them into the roof. There are also terraces on the walls inside of the opening of the courtyard, but rather cutting into the roof, these are structured like additions to the walls giving a sense of floating over the courtyard (3). This courtyard is an opening in the middle of the building. It
accumulates natural landscapes, transforming from a shaded forest in the east, to a sunny meadow in the west. By doing this, it creates a visual connection to the greenery of the Hudson River Park and extends the nature all the way back to the building (6). The courtyard and balconies over it are shown below:

2020-04-23 23:08:16 UTC

The openings to the windows and terraces on the roof are shown below:

Setting

2020-04-23 23:08:40 UTC

This building's surroundings are essential to its architectural identity because of how contradicting the city that surrounds it from three sides is compared to the Hudson River and Park it is exposed to on one side. VIA 57 West combines these different things into one by the shape and courtyard it has representing nature and carrying on the feeling that the Hudson River and Park gives people while on the materials and use of the building fits into the city aspect of its setting. The manner in which the structure is built also makes the most of the views of nature that it has access to, it does this by the terraces and window openings facing the river and park as well as the balconies over the courtyard. The contrast between the busy city and nature is shown and the way the building uses both is shown in this image:

Materials At Close Range

2020-04-23 23:29:01 UTC

The materials used to build this structure play a large impact on combining the city and nature aspects and keeping the building intact. The roof's outer, finished surface is made of stainless steel with a sandblasted finish. This material allows for a soft, non-glaring appearance in sunlight as well as resistance against corrosion, which is a must since the Hudson River puts it in a coastal
environment with high salinity in the air, and corrosive conditions are made even worse by pollution from the West-Side-Highway. Not only does the material help overcome the environmental issues, but it also gives the building the skyscraper finish for the city inspired aspect of the building. Before construction, thousands of stainless steel panels were designed in 3D in a software, which then automatically created fabrication drawings for each one of them. They were then built and ultimately put together to create the mega-panels used to make up the roof as seen in the image below(7).

Style

2020-04-23 23:29:18 UTC

VIA 57 West is inspired by two very different concepts, one being a European perimeter block, more specifically danish ones that Bjarke Ingles grew up around, and the other being a classic American skyscraper, both partaking to the urban style. It combines the best qualities of both of these in a "courtscraper" defying convention (3). Ingles was specifically inspired by the density and intimacy that a European perimeter block gives as well as height and visual drama that the classic American skyscraper gives. Therefore, the roof structure is derived from wanting to make the most of the airiness and expansive views, which skyscrapers do, and courtyard is derived from wanting to make the most of the adjacent greenery of the Hudson River Park, similarly to how European perimeter blocks embrace nature by having their homes surround nature as seen below (4).

Works Cited

2020-04-23 23:32:13 UTC

(1)
Baan, Iwan. “VIA 57 WEST.” VIΛ 57 WEST, The Durst Organization, 5 Dec. 2017, https://www.via57west.com/#the-building-overview

(2)
“VIA 57 West.” Greenroofs.com, Greenroofs.com, LLC. , https://www.greenroofs.com/projects/via-57-west/

(3)
Baldwin, Eric. “Behind the Building: VIA 57 West by BIG.” Journal, Architizer, 30 Aug. 2018, https://architizer.com/blog/practice/materials/via-57-big/

(4)
Volner, Ian, and Amanda Kolson Hurley. “VIA 57 West.” The Journal of the American Institute of Architects, Hanley Wood Media, 13 Apr. 2017, https://www.architectmagazine.com/project-gallery/via-57-west-6589_o

(5)
“VIA 57 West.” UN, UrbanNext , 2017, https://urbannext.net/big/via-57-west/

(6)
“VIΛ 57 West / BIG.” ArchDaily, ArchDaily, 8 Sept. 2016, https://www.archdaily.com/794950/via-57-west-big

(7)
Baan, Iwan. “VIA 57 West.” Metals in Construction, 2017, https://siny.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Via_57_West.pdf

SHAPE: Visual character

2020-04-24 04:25:01 UTC

La Sagrada Familia is in all a complex and organically structured building with its carved walls, arched entrance, several towers and meaning behind its different sections.(4)The building is full of curving organic forms and has 8 spires but set to have a total of 18 spires by the cathedral's completion, each representing a different apostle or evangelist. The cathedral is a standout between its neighbors because of its massive height, ‘spiky’ exterior, intricate design and extravagant (5)decorations such as rose windows, ogives, large windows, as well as musician and the singing angels and more decorating its walls. Some of the structural forms Gaudi introduced to the Sagrada Familia include: (7)

Hyperboloids: These can be solid or hollow, and found in the openings of the windows and the vaults.
Paraboloids: To create linking surfaces between the vaults, the roof and the columns.
Helicoids: These can be seen in the spiral staircases and were, Gaudi said, to represent the rising movement of transcendence.
Ellipsoids: These form the rounded capitals of the main columns, where the lower sections subdivide into branches.
Double-twisted columns: These help the branching columns achieve greater stability and a more slender effect.

La Sagrada Familia towers (14)

OPENINGS

2020-04-24 04:27:09 UTC

The openings in La Sagrada Familia are varied and complex. The openings are pretty much everywhere, they vary in size, shape and colour as there are many stained glass windows. Not to mention the openings created by the carved design of the walls, towers and main entrance. The openings are mostly geometric shapes, but there are also some organic shaped windows. The amount of windows creates a busy look on the cathedral, but they are placed very precisely making it look like an organized mess. They cover any place that would otherwise be flat, due to the fact that all sides of La Sagrada familia have windows and openings, including the roof. The windows have no sudders nor curtains as most of them are stained glass windows that need the light to go through.

Sagrada Familia windows (15)

TRIM AND SECONDARY FEATURES

2020-04-24 04:28:02 UTC

The trim around La Sagrada Familia's windows contribute to the character of the building overall by showing the style of architecture and the time it was built, but all in different manners. This is because different parts of the cathedral have been built over the last almost two centuries and architecture has changed and been influenced to be different, also each have different meanings and are telling a different message. (6)For example The nativity façade. The windows in this façade were built first in the Catalan modernist style so its trim is influenced by that style, its surroundings also has 3 gates with sculptures of the virtues Faith, Hope and Charity. The facade is richly (5)decorated with natural scenes of which some are exotically tinted. The windows have no shutters or curtains so that the light can go through and show the stained glass art inside better.

Sagrada Familia stained galss window (16)

MATERIALS FROM A DISTANCE

2020-04-24 04:29:14 UTC

From a distance at first glance one would first notice that La Sagrada Familia is made of stone, stone gives the building a steady and old feeling. The spirals stand tall on top of the building each sporting a red and gold cross, although that's pretty much all that has colour on the outside of the cathedral with a few exceptions. As for colour the outside is kept simple. The cathedral is made of various stone materials, such as sandstones and granite, as well as reinforced concrete for the naves. Thin mansory timbrel makes up much of the vaulting. This is a traditional Catalonian construction, consisting of 2-3 layers of overlapping tiles or flat bricks woven together with fast-setting mortar, creating a highly-resistant structure. one type of stone material and has intricate statues adorning its walls, adding colour could be disruptive and not go along well with the architectural style.

The third façade (10)

CRAFT DETAILS

2020-04-24 04:29:50 UTC

The craftsmanship exhibited in La Sagrada Familia construction is amazing, (8)the outside walls are blocks of stone that must be cut with extraordinary precision in order to run the cables and anchors through them. To do this, numerical control machines are used to ensure it's perfect. At the same time, however, the exterior face of these stones has unrivalled texture added manually by artisan stonecutters by hand with hammers. Before technology advanced enough for this to be posible all of this had to be done by hand. (9)The sculptures were made using plaster moulding, which in Gaudí’s era was quite common. He (Gaudi) created moulds of all sorts of vegetables, leaves and fruit, and also of typical carpentry tools, like a chisel and a hammer and also moulded dead animals, which were used to fill the cathedrals exterior almost entirely. Moulding was used because it was effective and affordable, and it allowed him to make an imprint of reality as a shape and movement at the same time.

Making of La Sagrada Familias STatues (9)

STYLE

2020-04-24 04:30:07 UTC

(3)La Sagrada Familia’s structure is a mixture of Catalan Modernisme, Art Nouveau Architecture, Noucentisme and Spanish Gothic architecture and continues evolving and changing as its construction continues. Currently 70% complete, the Basilica de la Sagrada Família is an eclectic mix of traditional and modern architecture, while holding true to Gaudí’s broadly defined project. It's an abstract and unique building as it includes a mix of Baroque, Gothic, Moorish and Victorian elements, and draws upon forms found in nature-an influence that can be seen in the tree-like columns holding up the vast interior of the cathedral.

Modernisme in La Sagrada Familia (17)

WORK CITED

2020-04-24 04:32:49 UTC

https://www.timeout.com/newyork/art/best-architects-of-all-time-ranked (1)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagrada_Fam%C3%ADlia (2)

https://www.google.com/searchq=What+style+of+architecture+is+the+Sagrada+Familia%3F&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjn7OGD8fzoAhXaH7kGHcD8AhcQzmd6BAgPEBw&biw=1280&bih=578 (3)

https://theculturetrip.com/europe/spain/articles/15-amazing-facts-you-need-to-know-about-la-sagrada-familia/ (4)

http://www.gaudiallgaudi.com/AA012El+cons.htm (5)

https://study.com/academy/lesson/la-sagrada-familia-location-fa-ade-interior.html (6)

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Sagrada_Familia (7)

https://blog.sagradafamilia.org/en/divulgation/technology-and-craftsmanship/ (8)

https://blog.sagradafamilia.org/en/divulgation/plaster-moulding/ (9)

http://www.gaudiallgaudi.com/AA012El+cons.htm (11)

Materials At Close Range

2020-04-24 11:03:53 UTC

Frank Lloyd used basic and common materials for Fallingwater as those materials are more like nature around us. Most of the terraces and projections are made using concrete. There are countless windows that surround each room, allowing the viewer to further interact with the nature around them. (2) These windows are accompanied by red steel frames which are a similar shade to the trees surrounding the building. (5)

Style

2020-04-24 11:04:30 UTC

Fallingwater is a combination of two styles that define Frank Lloyd's vision and execution. The first one is Modernism, this can be seen through out the house but especially with the core that is the big rectangular like shapes that make up most of the building. But the true style that makes the building unique is organic architecture which cane be seen everywhere in the building, from the core idea to the small details. For example the fact that there are no walls facing towards the waterfalls and river instead only windows. This gives the viewer and increased sense of connection with the surrounding nature. The fact that the house is placed over the falls truly shows the idea of organic architecture as Wright was trying to create a sense of calm and wholeness between the stayers and the nature around Fallingwater.

This hsows that Wright even allowed nature to affect his building method. (2)

Works Cited

2020-04-24 11:04:37 UTC

1. “Designing Fallingwater.” Fallingwater, fallingwater.org/history/about-fallingwater/designing-fallingwater/.

2. “Fallingwater by Frank Lloyd Wright (Article).” Khan Academy, Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/later-europe-and-americas/modernity-ap/a/frank-lloyd-wright-fallingwater.

3. “Fallingwater: Architectural Masterpiece.” National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), www.neh.gov/news/fallingwater-architectural-masterpiece.

4. Gibson, Eleanor. “Frank Lloyd Wright Integrates Architecture into Nature at Fallingwater.” Dezeen, 25 Feb. 2019, www.dezeen.com/2017/06/07/fallingwater-frank-lloyd-wright-pennsylvania-house-usa-150th-birthday/.

5. Zelazko, Alicja. “Fallingwater.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 9 Aug. 2019, www.britannica.com/place/Fallingwater.

IMAGE CITATIONS

2020-04-24 12:44:23 UTC

https://blog.sagradafamilia.org/en/divulgation/plaster-moulding/ (9)

https://www.archdaily.com/438992/ad-classics-la-sagrada-familia-antoni-gaudi/525487b6e8e44e67bf000685-ad-classics-la-sagrada-familia-antoni-gaudi-photo (10)

https://dphx.org/tob-tuesdays-30/ (12)

https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/destinos/2017/01/17/la-sagrada-familia-el-templo-de-nunca-acabar#imagen-1 (13)

https://www.dreamstime.com/towers-la-sagrada-familia-cathedral-under-construction-barcelona-spain-towers-la-sagrada-familia-cathedral-barcelona-image115278786 (14)

https://sp.depositphotos.com/99150138/stock-photo-barcelona-spain-may-102014-detail.html (15)

https://ar.pinterest.com/pin/70931762864976645/ (16)

https://www.hisour.com/modernisme-21521/ (17)

Introduction (3)

2020-04-24 12:58:54 UTC

The view of the Chalet Anzere in all its glory.

Shape (3)

2020-04-24 13:02:33 UTC

The house constructed into the mountain itself.

foto citations

2020-04-24 13:05:24 UTC

1)https://www.plataformaarquitectura.cl/cl/02-310432/centro-heydar-aliyev-zaha-hadid-architects

2)https://www.antheamissy.com/why-zaha-hadid-architectures-queen-of-the-curve-is-poised-to-speak-to-a-whole-new-generation-of-design-lovers/

3)http://www.designcurial.com/news/hadid-on-baku-4169053/

4)https://ar.pinterest.com/pin/820710732072491989/

5)https://www.wernersobek.de/projekte/status-de/fertiggestellt/heydar-aliyev-cultural-center/

6)https://homesthetics.net/azerbaijan-cultural-centre-by-zaha-hadid/notorious-fluid-design-the-azerbaijan-cultural-centre-by-zaha-hadid-architects-homesthetics-3/

2020-04-24 13:05:52 UTC

This image is an example of the traditional skyscrapers that Manhattan is filled with.

Photos Cited

2020-04-24 13:08:34 UTC

“Fallingwater.” Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, franklloydwright.org/site/fallingwater/.

“Fallingwater.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 7 Apr. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallingwater.

Gawlik, and Kate. “Doing It Better than Wright.” Professional Roofing Magazine, www.professionalroofing.net/Articles/Doing-it-better-than-Wright--02-01-2003/220.

“International Honor: UNESCO Affirms Fallingwater's Greatness.” Gazette, 11 July 2019, www.post-gazette.com/opinion/editorials/2019/07/11/Fallingwater-Frank-Lloyd-Wright-UNESCO-greatness/stories/201907100038.

“Down-the-Hatch-Steps-View-from-below-the-Main-Cantilever (With Images): Falling Water House, Fallingwater, Organic Architecture.” Pinterest, www.pinterest.es/pin/553450241677249395/.

Projections and recesses (3)

2020-04-24 13:08:52 UTC

The floors of the house including the elevator that goes through the mountain.

Openings (3)

2020-04-24 13:11:14 UTC

The back of the house geometrically divided into different parts.

Openings (1)

2020-04-24 13:12:03 UTC

the front of the house with multiple small windows.

Shape

2020-04-24 13:13:01 UTC

The outlines of the different parts of the house.

Setting (3)

2020-04-24 13:14:22 UTC

The house is located in the Swiss alps.

Style(4)

2020-04-24 13:16:23 UTC

This is the Grand Chalet, or the chalet that the house was inspired by.

Image Citation

2020-04-24 13:30:30 UTC

Gami, Mitz. “A View of VIA 57 West, New York City.” Flickr, SmugMug, 26 June 2016, www.flickr.com/photos/mitzgami/28109210315.

Image Citation

2020-04-24 13:35:54 UTC

Clay, David. “Pyramidal Luxury Apparatus on the Hudson River, Manhattan.” Wikimedia Commons, MediaWiki, 3 Sept. 2018, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VIA_57_West,_Bjarke_Ingels_Group.jpg

Image Citation

2020-04-24 14:03:38 UTC

Baan, Iwan. “The VIA 57 West's Roof and Its Courtyard.” Detail, DETAIL Business Information GmbH, 25 Apr. 2017, www.detail-online.com/artikel/between-low-and-high-bigs-via-57-west-29840/.

Image Citation

2020-04-24 14:28:21 UTC

Baan, Iwan. “The VIA 57 West's Courtyard, Seen From the Perspective of an Apartment in the Building.” GreenRoofs.com, Greenroofs.com, LLC., https://www.greenroofs.com/projects/via-57-west/

Image Citation

2020-04-24 14:32:22 UTC

Dobbins, Tom. “VIA 57 West.” Enclos, Enclos Corp., www.enclos.com/projects/via-57-west.

Image Citation

2020-04-24 14:42:20 UTC

Lehoux, Nic. “VIA 57 West / BIG.” ArchDaily, ArchDaily, 8 Sept. 2016, www.archdaily.com/794950/via-57-west-big.

Image Citation

2020-04-24 14:43:37 UTC

Price, Andrew Alexander. “Sketch of a European Perimeter Blcok.” AndrewAlexanderPrice, Andrew Price, 30 Mar. 2013, www.andrewalexanderprice.com/blog20130330.php#.XqL7Y9NKhQK.

Image Citation

2020-04-24 14:47:13 UTC

Fedak, Nikolai. “3 West 29th Street, Rendering by BIG.” New York Yimby, New York Yimby LLC., 3 Apr. 2018, https://newyorkyimby.com/2018/04/bjarke-ingels-designed-29th-5th-revealed-hfz-capitals-new-nomad-office-tower-at-3-west-29th-street.html

Image Citation

2020-04-24 19:09:39 UTC

Berenholtz, Richard. “Landmark Theatres Plans New 8-Screen Venue in NYC.” VIA 57 West, The Durst Organization, 11 July 2016, https://www.via57west.com/news

Materials from a distance setting

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-26 12:13:11 UTC

The panels on the outside are made of painted aluminum mesh, lined with steel bars. The main theater's walls are lined with acoustic panelling and the floors and parts of the walls with tufted nylon. These both contribute to appearance from a distance because they make the building such a bold color which easily stands out from it's environment. The down side is that some people may dislike the bright color in the neautral colored Lelystad. [5]

Materials at a close range

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-26 12:23:48 UTC

The hallways of the theater feature many geometrical patterns that contribute to the kaleidoscopic feel. One wall is made of stacked cement bricks shaped like circles. The ceiling is lined with white-painted steel bars, giving the appearance of a striped ceiling. The base of the railing that stretches throughout the hallways is polka dotted. Also, the color of the halls changes slowly from purple to red, to pink and finally to white. Van Berkel, the arcitect, said his intention was for theater patrons to feel connected to the changing theater as they held on to the wide-railing. Like the exterior, wherever you look in these detailed halls gives the appearance of looking through a kaleidoscope, like the image is being distorted.

Citations

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-26 12:34:53 UTC

1)Mutuli, Ian. “Theatre Agora Is UNStudio's Colorful Addition to Lelystad.” Archute, Archute, 1 Oct. 2015, www.archute.com/theatre-agora-is-unstudios-colorful-addition-to-lelystad/

2)“Theatre Agora.” UNStudio, UNStudio, www.unstudio.com/en/page/12092/theatre-agora.

3) Hannema, Kristen. “Agora Theatre Lelystad: UNStudio, Architectenweb Magazine.” Archello, Archello, archello.com/project/agora-theatre-lelystad.

4)Arora, Megha. “Characteristics Of Modern Architecture, People Love.” Plan n Design, 14 Oct. 2014, www.planndesign.com/articles/2796-characteristics-modern-architecture-people-love.

5) “Theatre Agora.” Verdict Designbuild, 2020, www.designbuild-network.com/projects/theatre-agora/.

Photos

kweinert1_2 — 2020-04-26 12:43:55 UTC

1) Bwaan, Iwan. “Agora Lelystad Main Theater.” Archdaily, Archdaily, www.archdaily.com/100224/theatre-agora-unstudio/5006e6ae28ba0d414800032f-theatre-agora-unstudio-photo?next_project=no.

2) Ritchers, Christian. “Agora Lelystad.” Archdaily, Archdaily, www.archdaily.com/100224/theatre-agora-unstudio/5006e6a528ba0d414800032d-theatre-agora-unstudio-photo?next_project=no.

3) Baan, Iwan. “Agora Lelystad Hall.” Archdaily, Archdaily, www.archdaily.com/100224/theatre-agora-unstudio/5006e6d428ba0d4148000336-theatre-agora-unstudio-photo?next_project=no.

4) Baan, Iwan. “Agora Lelystad Mezzanine.” Archdaily, Archdaily, www.archdaily.com/100224/theatre-agora-unstudio/5006e6ba28ba0d4148000331-theatre-agora-unstudio-photo?next_project=no.

5) UNStudio Architects. “Roof Design of Agora Lelystad.” UNStudio, UNStudio, www.unstudio.com/en/page/12092/theatre-agora.

6) Veneman, Hans. “Entrance of the Agora Lelystad.” Flickr, Flickr, 14 July 2008, www.flickr.com/photos/veneman/2671548145/.

7) “Lelystad, Netherlands.” Erasmusu, European Union, 2014, erasmusu.com/en/erasmus-lelystad/erasmus-experiences/experience-in-lelystad-netherlands-by-erik-182644.

8) “Daniel Libeskin Architecture.” Michael Rouchell on Modern Architecture, Wordpress, 9 Mar. 2015, mrouchell.wordpress.com/2015/03/09/the-crisis-with-todays-modern-architecture/.

9) Ritchers, Christian. “Agora Lelystad.” Archute, Archute, 30 Sept. 2015, www.archute.com/theatre-agora-is-unstudios-colorful-addition-to-lelystad/.