India's education system by Анастасия Медведева

Preschool

ananasikmedvedeva — 2020-10-06 11:34:16 UTC

It is not customary to send children to kindergartens. Their upbringing should be handled by their mother. But nevertheless, there are pre-school educational institutions, as a rule, they are paid.
From the age of 3 to 6, children in India attend Primary school, where they study mathematics, languages, and reading.
To make it more comfortable, children are divided into groups by age and by the hours they stay in the team. Such a daily stay in a group with a teacher is enough for a child to get some basic knowledge and catch up before entering school. Children learn not only the basics of the universe, but also languages – Hindi and English. The current system of preschool education in India is such that parents can rest easy for their children who have been trained in such groups – kids often automatically become first-graders when they reach a certain age.
There are 4 varieties of the group:
1. Play group - groups for the youngest, attendance at this group is not required; children are given from the age of 2. Here children learn the alphabet, learn songs in English, remember the names of shapes, count, and ect.
2. Nursery - middle group, children 3-4 years old, required to visit. This is where children get their first homework assignments, which are mandatory.
3. Lower Kinder Garten – senior group. Children at 5 years old are already required to know and write the entire English alphabet, read and write the first few letters of the main language of India — Hindi, learn the score up to 100.
4. Upper Kinder-Garten – preparatory group. After completing this stage of training, at the age of 6, the child knows and can fully tell and write the alphabet in Hindi, fluently write and read words in English from 5-7 letters, can write any number up to 100, solve a simple mathematical example.

Higher and Post-graduate education

ananasikmedvedeva — 2020-10-06 12:08:22 UTC

Higher education in India is prestigious, diverse and popular among young people. There are more than two hundred universities in the country, most of which are focused on European standards of education. The higher education system is presented in the usual three-stage form for Europeans. Students receive bachelor's, master's, or doctorate degrees depending on the duration of their studies and their chosen profession.
Among the most popular and prestigious universities — Calcutta, Mumbai, Delhi, Rajasthan, each of these universities has 130-150 thousand students. In recent decades, in connection with the steady development of the Indian economy has increased the number of universities and engineering and technical direction. One of the most attractive and worthy are the Indian Institute of technology and the Institute of management. Moreover, in the latter 50% of students are foreign students.
The percentage of graduates in the Humanities in India is about 40%. Along with traditional universities, there are a lot of highly specialized higher education institutions in the country, focused in particular on native culture, history, art, and languages.
Along with the huge number of specialties offered, pharmacology, jewelry, and management are taught most efficiently in India.
We should also mention technological and engineering specialties. A huge number of large companies are concentrated in India, and large-scale projects are being implemented in the field of information technology, so engineers, programmers and IT specialists are incredibly in demand.

Post-graduate education in India can also be free, as well as primary University education. For these purposes, institutes regularly allocate grants, which require at least a diploma and the same knowledge of English. Free education in India can also be achieved through ITEC, a technical and economic cooperation program.

Primary and secondary education

ananasikmedvedeva — 2020-10-06 12:33:24 UTC

School education in India is based on a single scheme. A child starts school at the age of 4. Education in the first ten years (secondary education) is free, compulsory and carried out according to the standard General education program. Main subjects: history, geography, mathematics, computer science, and a subject whose free translation is indicated by the word "science". From the 7th grade, "science" is divided into biology, chemistry, and physics, which are familiar in Russia. It also teaches "politics" and the equivalent of our natural science.
If in the first stage of school education in India, the program is the same for everyone, then at the age of fourteen and moving to the upper classes (complete secondary education), students make a choice between basic and professional education. Accordingly, there is an in-depth study of the subjects of the chosen course.
Students who choose professional training go to colleges and receive specialized secondary education. India is also rich in a large number and variety of craft schools. There, for several years, a student also receives a profession in demand in the country in addition to secondary education.
In schools in India, in addition to the native (regional) language, it is mandatory to study "additional official" — English.
School is taught six days a week. The number of lessons varies from six to eight per day. Most schools offer free meals for children. There are no grades in Indian schools. But twice a year there are mandatory school — wide exams, and in high school-national. All exams are written, shall be in the form of tests.
India's secondary education system includes both public and private schools. Secondary school education in public schools is usually free of charge. For children from low-income Indian families, of which there are quite a lot in this country, there are benefits in the form of textbooks, notebooks, and scholarships. Education in private institutions is paid, but the prices for training in them are quite affordable for families even with low incomes. Reviews of the quality of education often indicate in favor of private schools. There are also elite expensive high schools that work on individual programs.

Vocational education

ananasikmedvedeva — 2020-10-06 12:49:23 UTC

The number of Indian colleges in 2011 exceeded 33 thousand institutions. Of this number, 1,800 had the status of women's educational institutions. In fact, this type of educational platform belongs to the country's higher education system. The colleges offer numerous courses covering the Humanities and natural Sciences, as well as courses in foreign languages, in particular, English. Many colleges are owned by Indian universities. In fact, all of them are the initial stage of University education.
The priority area of study in colleges is technical and technological specialties. Medical education and business management are also popular. Technical colleges in India are often referred to as institutes. The list of the best institutes contains more than 500 positions.

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