Example: Software and chat

-Nashbill Martinez

It is a translation technique where words or expressions are taken directly from the source text and carried over into the target language. This technique is often used when there is no target language equivalent, such as food or clothing, and can help to preserve the cultural context of the source text.

Examples: hardware and router

-Agbard Marín

Examples: from English to Spanish:

1. Pizza → Pizza.

2. Internet → Internet.

-Alanis Latouche

• Internet: The word is used the same in both English and Spanish, as there was no equivalent term in Spanish, and its use is universal.

• Marketing: Although terms like "mercadotecnia" exist, "marketing" is used in Spanish due to its international recognition in business contexts.

—Yuleisi Pitty

Example:

1. "Club"

• English: club

• Spanish: club

  
  

2. "Marketing"

   • English: marketing

   • Spanish: marketing

     
     

-Alisson Chávez

Examples:

Source Sentence (English): "He’s working on a project using a new software tool."

Translation (Spanish): "Él está trabajando en un proyecto usando una nueva herramienta de software."

Source Sentence (English): "The company uses a cloud-based system for data storage."

Translation (Spanish): "La empresa utiliza un sistema basado en la nube para el almacenamiento de datos."

• Adrian Rivera

Examples

Internet: used in spanish to refer to the global network

Email: refers to electronic mail, used as “email” or “correo electrónico”

-Evelyn Muñoz

The borrowing translation means a word taken directly from another language.

Example:

Software in the field of technology and funk in culture.

"Universidad Latina" It remains that way because it is the proper name of an institution.

By: Allisson I. Guerra

"borrowing" the process of adopting words from another language and using them in one's own language, maintaining their original forms.

Examples :

1.Marketing

2.Software

3.Email

- yonatan Miranda.

It is a process by which words, phrases, and grammatical structures are transferred from one language to another.

Examples

English: to be online

Spanish: estar en línea

English: weekend

Spanish: fin de semana

-Luis Espinosa

For example, the Italian word “pizza”

-Francisco Mayorga

• is a common translation technique. It basically means that the translator makes a conscious choice to use the same word in the target text as it is found in the source text. This is usually the case when there is no equivalent term in the target language. This technique also allows the translator to put a text clearly within a particular cultural context through the register of the vocabulary it uses.

  
  

  EXAMPLES

• "Marketing"

  • English: marketing

  • Spanish: marketing

  • Usage: The term "marketing" is used in Spanish to refer to the activities associated with promoting and selling products or services, just as it is in English.

• Email

  • English: email

  • Spanish: email (borrowed without change, though alternatives like correo electrónico exist)

  KRYSTIE TEJADA

  
  

Examples:

• Taco

• Patio

By: Exckryltti Bouche

https://www.interproinc.com/translation-techniques/

https://risisbi.uqroo.mx/bitstream/handle/20.500.12249/1652/P306.2017-1652.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y

https://uvadoc.uva.es/bitstream/handle/10324/15547/TFG_F_2015_48.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Examples:

Selfie - selfie

Sandwich - Sandwich

^{_{Emilia Galindo}}

borrowing refers to the process where one language adopts words or phrases from another language. This often occurs due to cultural contact or influence, enriching the vocabulary of the borrowing language.

Examples:

Inglés: Check

Español: Cheque

Inglés: Football

Español: Fútbol

La computadora es demasiado lenta.
* Internet: The term "internet" has been adopted into Spanish as "internet."

El internet no funciona nada bien.

- Johan Uribe

Examples:

• Pizza (italian) → "pizza" in spanish.

• Software (English) → "software" in spanish.

  
  

2.Calque translation:(also known as "loan translation") is a technique where a phrase or word from the source language is translated literally into the target language, maintaining the structure and meaning of the original but using native elements.

Examples:

• An "Adam's apple," for example, is a calque of the French pomme d'Adam, and "beer garden" is a calque of the German Biergarten.

• The English phrase "skyscraper" is translated into French as gratte-ciel, where gratte means "scrape" and ciel means "sky."

  3. Literal translation technique:

     Literal translation, also known as direct translation, is a technique where a text is translated word-for-word from one language to another. This approach focuses on translating each word or phrase in the source language to its closest equivalent in the target language without considering idiomatic or cultural differences.

     Examples:

     1. English to Spanish

        • English: "I have a cold."

          Literal Spanish: "Tengo un resfriado."

        • The phrase “It is raining cats and dogs“, literally translates as “It is raining cats and dogs.”

English is filled with borrowed words that have become part of our everyday language. If the borrowed term has yet to enter common usage, it’s usually written in italics.

Examples:

Banana, ketchup, karaoke, paparazzi, etc...

English: The chef prepared a croissant for breakfast.

Spanish: El chef preparó un croissant para el desayuno.

English: She bought a new kimono while visiting Japan.

Spanish: Ella compró un nuevo kimono mientras visitaba Japón.

~Edgar De La Torre

refers to the process of taking words or phrases from the original language and incorporating them unchanged into the translated text. This method is commonly employed when there is no exact equivalent in the target language, particularly for items like food, clothing, or cultural terms. Borrowing helps retain the original cultural essence and specificity of the source text. It also reflects linguistic influence between cultures.

-Janni Gonzalez