Project 3 by Alia Daniel

Environment Safety in the Pharma Industry

ayd17_ — 2023-11-14 19:33:06 UTC

Pharmaceutical Waste Management

ayd17_ — 2023-11-14 19:34:47 UTC

Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Processes

ayd17_ — 2023-11-14 19:38:12 UTC

Regulatory Framework and Corporate Responsibility

ayd17_ — 2023-11-14 19:41:10 UTC

Research and Development Practices

ayd17_ — 2023-11-14 19:46:12 UTC

Animal Testing

ayd17_ — 2023-11-14 19:46:45 UTC

Water Pollution

ayd17_ — 2023-11-14 19:49:27 UTC

"The rationale for excluding process water was possible skewing of E factors (thus rendering meaningful process comparison difficult), and the fact that water use would not constitute a significant environmental impact in most cases."

Barriers

ayd17_ — 2023-11-14 20:02:14 UTC

Expired Pharmaceuticals

ayd17_ — 2023-11-14 20:04:42 UTC

“Green chemistry” refers to the promotion of safe, sustainable, and waste-minimizing chemical processes."

Drug Disposal and Contamination

ayd17_ — 2023-11-14 20:06:06 UTC

"lower E factors have been shown to be indicative of reduced manufacturing costs,18,28 reflecting lower process materials inputs and outputs; reduced costs from hazardous and toxic waste disposal, improved manufacturing capacity utilization, and reduced energy demand"

Air Pollution

ayd17_ — 2023-11-16 19:26:36 UTC

Energy Consumption

ayd17_ — 2023-11-16 19:27:10 UTC

Packaging Waste

ayd17_ — 2023-11-16 19:29:01 UTC

Chemical Usage and Synthesis

ayd17_ — 2023-11-16 19:30:42 UTC

"Any change to the synthesis process for an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) of a drug becomes increasingly challenging as the drug progresses through development, because there are increasing regulatory requirements at each phase, and process changes closer to the end of the manufacturing process have a larger potential impact on API quality."

Sustainable Sourcing of Raw Materials

ayd17_ — 2023-11-16 19:31:02 UTC

"We infer that at least 50% of the overall process waste is outsourced as part of the procured raw materials, since waste generation during early steps is amplified through yield losses of late synthesis steps as result of higher input requirements. "

Stakeholder Engagement

ayd17_ — 2023-11-16 19:36:18 UTC

The cultural shift towards green chemistry has accelerated in recent years, as reflected by numerous review articles and books, and more focused research towards sustainable feedstock for pharmaceutical firms."

Corporate Environmental Responsibility

ayd17_ — 2023-11-16 19:36:23 UTC

"This outcome leads to higher environmental and economic costs for the firm, and a less favorable environmental impact than might be achieved under a different set of constraints."

Environmental Regulations in the Pharma Industry

ayd17_ — 2023-11-16 19:36:28 UTC

"The GAL will not only facilitate SMART green chemistry goal-driven process R&D within the industry through incorporation of ideality-adjusted process complexity and allow for better goal alignment of process R&D with operations, but it will also establish a reference standard that can be used by governments to initiate green-chemistry-based regulations and incentives."

Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient

ayd17_ — 2023-11-20 03:52:31 UTC

FDA

ayd17_ — 2023-11-20 03:55:24 UTC

"any fundamental change in technology, site, or manufacturing process (including any modification of the API synthesis that may affect its impurity profile) requires submission of a supplement and approval by FDA prior to distribution of the drug."