The brain is what controls all our action and it has three main parts: the cerebrum, that is the biggest part of our brain and it helps us move, speak, remember things and enjoy music or art, the cerebellum, that keeps us balanced, and the brain stem that keeps us alive.

TASK 2

The brain stem connects the brain to the body and it controls breathing, heartbeat and digestion.

TASK 3

1) "I was riding my bike and I didn't

fall!"

1) It's the cerebellum because it keeps you balanced

2)"I solved a really hard maths problem today.

2)It's the left side of the cerebrum because helps you with maths

3)"Even when I sleep, my heart keeps beating"

3)It's the brain stem because it controls our heartbeat even when we sleep

4)"I painted a beautiful picture with lots of colours."

4)It's the right side of the cerebrum because it helps us with colors and shapes

TASK 4

Information card

Our patient has Dementia (Alzheimer's), it's an illness that affects memory and thinking, the main symptoms could be memory problems, difficulty remembering, confusion and struggling to find words. For an advice, if he is confused and wrong, don't correct him, agree with his feelings, stay calm and gently redirect the conversation.

TASK 5

Short-term memory: remember a phone number that someone just told you

Working memory: remember directions

Long-term memory - declarative (things you know and can talk about: knowing that Rome is the capital of Italy

Long-term memory - non-declarative (things you do without thinking): like walking

TASK 6

Write your school magazine summary:

After a serious car accident, a 35-year-old man named Marco has been diagnosed with amnesia. This condition leads to memory loss often caused by brain trauma or shock. In Marco's case, he is unable to remember things of his life, including his family, his career, and his childhood. Essentially his brain can't stores information in the right way. Doctors are now monitoring his condition to see if these memories will eventually return.

TASK 7

Write your reply here:

Hi, don't panic, i think you should not have fear to talk to your parents, they will understand you and help you, i advise you to talk with a psychologist to feel better.

TASK 8

I choose: Depression

What is it? Depression is a common mental disorder

Main symptoms: Feeling very sad, tired all the time and loss interest in everything.

Who can be affected? Depression can affect everyone with no distinction

One piece of advice: Try to talk with a psychologist

TASK 9

1) It could be Bipolar disorder, stay calm if you can, breathe well and make a routine

2) It could be Schizophrenia, maintaining a structured routine and talk with a psychiatrist.

3) It could be Obsessive compulsive disorder, try to manage stress and talk with a psychologist.

4) It could be panic disorder, try to breathe well, distract yourself, and count to 10.

TASK 10

Anorexia

Is an eating disorder and a mental health condition, the main symptom is when you can't eat without throwing up, if you need help talk with an adult or a friend and find help.

TASK 11

As a counsellor, I think Sofia has:

Anorexia Nervosa

My professional response to Sofia:

Sofia, don't have fear to tell your parents about this, they could really help you to manage this and help to get out from this situation.

TASK 12

The main difference between Freud and Erikson is that Freud made 5 stages of development, that stops at puberty, about physical development, Erkison made 8 stages, continues whole life, about social and emotional development.

TASK 13

1) You should not press your child, let him do what he really love and try to understand him

2) You should try to talk to her and listen to her to understand what she really need.

3)You shouldn't pass this behavior and it's important that you try to talk with your son

4) You should believe in your daughter and it's important that you support her with everything

TASK 14

i choose panic disorder

Doctor: Hi, what brings you in today?

Patient: I’ve been having sudden episodes where my heart races, I can’t breathe, and I feel like I’m going to die.

Doctor: How long do these episodes last?

Patient: Usually about 10 to 20 minutes, but they feel much longer. I’m scared it’s something serious with my heart.

Doctor: Based on your symptoms and the normal test results, this sounds like panic disorder. It’s a condition where you experience unexpected panic attacks.

Patient: So I’m not having a heart attack?

Doctor: No. Panic attacks can feel intense, but you're not gonna die. We can treat this with therapy, and sometimes medication.

Patient: I just want them to stop.

Doctor: With the right treatment and support, they can become much more manageable.

Patient: Thank you Doctor!

TRAK 15

Hi, it's normal to feel scared, i was too. Secondary school feels big at first, but you get used to it quickly. Your emotions might change, and that’s okay. Try to make good friends and talk to your parents if you feel pressure. If you’re worried, ask teachers or older students for help. You’ll be fine.

The brain is the boss of your body. The biggest part is called the cerebrum. It helps you think, learn, remember things, and move your body.

A small part at the back is called the cerebellum. It helps you balance, walk, and ride a bike without falling.

The brain stem is at the bottom, and it controls things you don’t think about, like breathing and your heartbeat.

All three parts work together to help you live, play, and grow every day.

Task 2 – Advice at the Hospital

The brain stem is the bottom part of the brain that connects it to the body. It controls basic life functions like breathing, heartbeat, blood pressure, and swallowing.

These are things you don’t have to think about. When the brain stem is damaged, these automatic functions can be affected.

Task 3 – Which part of the brain helps your friend study?

1. The cerebellum – because it helps with balance so you don’t fall.

2. The left side of the brain – because it helps us learn and solve problems.

3. The brain stem – because it controls breathing and heartbeats.

4. The right side of the brain– because it helps with art, music, colours, and shapes.

Task 4 – Information Card

Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder that slowly affects memory, thinking, and behaviour.

People with this disease may forget recent events, names, and become confused easily. Over time, daily tasks like cooking, dressing, or remembering where things are can become difficult.

Task5- Help ur friend remember,explain memory types

Memory TypeMy real-life exampleShort-term memory When my teacher tells me a number and I remember it for a few seconds before writing it down.Working memory When I solve a maths problem in my head and remember the numbers while figuring out the answer.Long-term memory – declarative Remembering facts I learned in science class about the parts of the brain.Long-term memory – non-declarative Riding a bike without thinking about how to balance or pedal.

Task6-What Happened to Marco? Understanding Amnesia

Marco is a 35-year-old man, had a serious car accident and hit his head very hard. When he woke up in the hospital, he could not remember his family, his job, or even his childhood. Doctors said he has amnesia, a condition that causes a person to lose memories. Amnesia can happen after a head injury, like Marco’s accident, but it can also be caused by brain illness, trauma, or extreme stress. Doctors hope that with time and treatment, Marco may recover some of his memories.

Task7-Hi, I’m really sorry you are feeling this way. You are not alone, and it’s okay to talk about how you feel. Maybe you could speak to a doctor or a school counsellor because they are trained to help with these problems. It might also help to tell someone you trust, like a close friend or family member.

Task8-What is it?
Depression is a mental health disorder that makes a person feel very sad, empty, or hopeless for a long time.

Main symptoms (2–3)

Feeling sad most of the time

What is it?
Depression is a mental health disorder that makes a person feel very sad, empty, or hopeless for a long time.

Main symptoms (2–3)what is it?

1.Feeling sad most of the time

2.Losing interest in activities you used to enjoy

3.Feeling very tired or having low energy

Who can be affected?
Depression can affect anyone, including teenagers, adults, and older people.

Losing interest in activities you used to enjoy

• Feeling very tired or having low energy

Task9-Possible disorder

| David, 16, feels extremely happy and full of energy for a week – he doesn't sleep and makes big plans. Then the next week he feels very sad and does nothing.

(Bipolar disorder)

Chiara, 14, hears voices that nobody else hears. She believes her classmates are spying on her.(Schizophrenia)

Luca, 15, needs his pencils and books in perfect order. If someone moves something, he gets very upset and has to reorganise everything.OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)

Anna, 17, suddenly feels her heart beating very fast, she can't breathe, and she feels very afraid – especially before exams. (Panic disorder)

Try to speak with a doctor or counsellor who can teach you techniques to control panic attacks and reduce anxiety.

Task10-AWARENESS POSTER

Disorder name: Anorexia Nervosa

What is it?
Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder where a person is very afraid of gaining weight and eats very little food.

Main symptoms:

1.Eating very small amounts of food

2.Extreme fear of gaining weight

3.Losing a lot of weight or being very underweight

Task11-As a counsellor, I think Sofia has: Anorexia Nervosa

My professional response to Sofia:
Sofia, thank you for trusting me and sharing how you feel. I am concerned because eating so little and feeling very tired can be signs of an eating disorder. You deserve support and help, and this is something doctors and counsellors can treat. I would like to help you talk with a doctor and also find a safe way to involve your parents so they can support you. You are not alone, and we will work together to help you feel healthier and stronger.

Task12-Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson were two famous psychologists who studied how people develop. Freud believed that personality is formed mainly in early childhood and that our behavior is influenced by unconscious thoughts and desires. He also described stages of development related to childhood experiences. Erikson had a different idea and believed that development continues through the whole life, not only childhood. He created eight stages of psychosocial development, and each stage has a challenge people need to solve. In short, Freud focused more on childhood and unconscious drives, while Erikson focused on social relationships and development across the entire life.

Task13-Parent says: "My son Marco, 14, does 5 sports every week. He is always tired and cries before training. But I want him to be a champion."
Your advice: You should pay attention to how tired and stressed Marco feels. It is important to let him rest and have free time, even if you want him to succeed in sports. Overtraining can harm both his body and mental health.

Parent says: "My daughter Lucia, 13, is very shy. I signed her up for drama class to help her. Now she cries every week before class."
Your advice: You should support Lucia at her own pace and not push her too hard. It is important to help her build confidence gradually in activities she enjoys. Forcing her may make her more anxious.

Parent says: "My son Paolo, 15, stays in his room all day. He doesn't talk to anyone. I think it's just a teenager thing. It will pass."
Your advice: You shouldn't ignore Paolo’s isolation, because it may be a sign of sadness or depression. It is important to talk gently with him and offer support, and consider speaking to a counsellor if needed.

Parent says: "My daughter Anna, 16, loves drawing and wants to study art. But I think she should study science and maths. Art has no future."
Your advice: You should listen to Anna’s interests and encourage her talents. It is important to support her in choosing a path she enjoys, because passion and motivation are key to success.

Task14-Condition I chose: Anxiety Disorder

Doctor: Hi! What brings you in today?
Patient: I feel really nervous all the time. My heart races, I can’t sleep, and I worry about everything, even small things.
Doctor: Thank you for telling me. From what you describe, it sounds like you might have an anxiety disorder.
Patient: Really? I thought I was just overthinking too much.
Doctor: Anxiety disorders are common, and they are not your fault. The good news is that there are ways to manage them.
Patient: What can I do? I don’t want to feel this way anymore.
Doctor: You should try talking to a counsellor or therapist, and we can also discuss some coping strategies for your worries.
Patient: Like what?
Doctor: Breathing exercises, relaxation techniques, and gradually facing situations that scare you can help. And you’re not alone

you will get support.
Patient: Okay, I think I can try that. Thank you, doctor.