Dylan Ramos - 9.1 Introduction to Computer Networks by Dylan Ramos

Network:

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A system of interconnecting two or more computers to enable them share information and resources

Local area networks (LANs):

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networks usually within the same building or offices where computers are found.

Wide area networks (WANs):

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have a greater distance between computers that could be located in different buildings, cities or countries

Intranet:

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A private network within an organization that mimics the internet but is only accessible by its employees

Extranet:

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Areas or networks that are beyond the organizations intranets and allow some external access for customers or partners.

Network operating system (NOS):

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Programs that manage a computer network’s security and they also manage its access and usage

Network protocols:

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The rules to initiate, interrupt and continue communication over a network

Bandwidth:

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How many bits of data can be transmitted through a network per second

unit of measure is called megabits per second (Mbps)

Network interface cards (NICs):

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Pieces of hardware that allow computers to send and receive data on the network

Cable:

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Used for transmitting information from one end of a network to another. Common types include Ethernet twisted-pair cabling and Fiber optic cabling.

Ethernet twisted-pair:

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Ethernet twisted-pair: These cables connect LANs with different categories such as CAT5 and CAT6 for different speeds.

CAT5 (Category 5):

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Ethernet cable that runs at 100 mbps

Fiber Optics:

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Cable that uses light to send information quickly and over farther distances than traditional cables

Wireless Networking:

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communication that does not require cables and often involves the use of Wi-Fi

Hub:

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a central point in a network where all computers connect, and data is sent to the appropriate destination.

Switch:

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hub that directs packets to specific destinations as a result reducing unnecessary network traffic

Router:

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A device that connects networks, directing them efficiently to the internet or other networks

WiFi:

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Wireless networking technology using radio frequencies for data transmission purposes

Connection Speed:

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The rate at which data moves across a network affects overall performance

Client/Server System

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A network system where servers perform specific functions while clients interact with servers but not with each other.

Clients

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Computers on a network that request services from servers or access shared resources and services

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

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A safe connection within another connection hence making it ideal for external jobs with additional safety precautions attached

Packets

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Tiny units into which information is divided for forwarding across networks

Collision

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When multiple transmitters try to carry data simultaneously on the same network