Rock Cycle by CIRAH LYNN MONSERATE GAJO

Rock Cycle

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Is a web of processes that outlines how each of the three major rock types (igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary) form and break down based on the different applications of heat and pressure over time. Each rock type is altered when it is forced out of its equilibrium conditions.

Igneous Rocks

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It is formed as a result of the hardening of lava or magma (molten rock). There are 2 types of igneous rocks which is the intrusive (from magma) and extrusive (from lava).

Magma/Lava

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Cooling and Solidification

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Extrusive igneous rocks, like basalt, are formed when magma cools rapidly to the surface; intrusive igneous rocks, on the other hand, are formed when magma cools more slowly below the surface (like granite).

Melting

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An intense heat source melts metamorphic rocks into magma. Igneous rocks can then be formed by this magma cooling and solidifying.

Weathering and Erosion

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At the Earth's surface, physical, chemical, and biological processes fragment rocks into smaller pieces. Then, the wind, water, or ice carry these particles.

Sedimentation

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Layers of the transported sediments are typically deposited in lakes, rivers, or seas.

Sedimentary Rocks

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Are formed by weathering and erosion.

are moved from place to another.

are deposited in the older ones on the bottom.

the layers become compacted or cemented together.

Metamorphic Rocks

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Rocks that have changed due to temperature and pressure.

Igneous, sedimentary and other metamorphic rocks can change to become metamorphic rocks.

Heat and Pressure

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Are metamorphic forces applied to existing rocks to transform them into metamorphic rocks.

Melting

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Weathering and Erosion

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Heat and Pressure

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Compaction and Cementation

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When silt is compacted, it is forced together by the weight of the surrounding silt and the water. The final stage of the cycle, cementation, occurs when silica and calcium carbonate, among other minerals, cling to the compacted sediment by infiltrating the pore spaces between the particles.