The primary anatomical structures involved in Multiple Sclerosis are the brain and spinal cord. It also includes the focal demyelinated plaques within the CNS, with variable degrees of inflammation, gliosis, and neurodegeneration.

The following physiological processes are involved in Multiple Sclerosis: This disease deals with redox, inflammatory/autoimmune, vascular, and neurodegenerative. The immune system attacks its own myelin sheath in MS.