GMO's by Amy Lenenfeld https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c Genetics en-us 2017-03-08 18:35:20 UTC 2017-03-08 19:03:08 UTC hello@padlet.com How GMO's differ from transgenic organisms amylen5140 https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158771565 Transgenic Organisms: these are organisms that are genetically modified and used for research purposes
When are they used?
-used in research
-mice are most common transgenics, but rats, dogs and as we saw, even kittens.
Cloning
-Not a GMO
-in bacteria, e.Coli often has a "clone" put into it via a plasmid (like pGLO)
-a clone is simply referred to as a cloned organism
-a clone is made by emptying an embryo of all of its DNA, and injecting the DNA from the desired organism into the empty embryo
-Dolly the sheep was the first organism cloned in 1996.
Why clone?
-cloning for medical purposes-creating transgenic mice to make models to cure human diseases
-cloning for science research-using bacteria to grow up a particular gene to study 
-cloning for "pharming" for drug production]]> 2017-03-08 18:42:48 UTC https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158771565 How recombinant DNA is made amylen5140 https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158771711 Recombinant DNA: refers to any new combination of DNA that has been created in a lab
When is it used?
-naturally, it is called hybridization (wheat)
-in a lab involving bacteria, it is a transformation 
-in a lab involving GMO, it is complex]]> 2017-03-08 18:43:10 UTC https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158771711 GMO amylen5140 https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158772619 GMO: Genetically modified organism
-it is when a gene that could not naturally be put in an organism is done so by molecular techniques
-creating GMO's is different from traditional cross breeding, where genes can only be exchanged between closely related species
when is it used?
-used to reference agricultural products such as corn or cattle
-created by biotechnology companies such as Monsanto for profit
-we see GMO's made for scientific research, and not necessarily for big profit
Genetic Engineering
-it is the actual process of modifying the genetic code of an organism to create a GMO 
-It often involves the transfer of specific traits, or genes, from one organism into plant or animal of an entirely different species 
1. using viruses or bacteria to "infect" animal or plant cells with the new DNA 
2. Coating DNA onto tiny metal pellets, and firing it with a special gun into the cells 
3. injecting the new DNA into fertilized eggs with a very fine needle 
4. Using electric shocks to create holes in the membrane covering sperm, and then forcing the new DNA into the sperm through these holes

]]> 2017-03-08 18:45:32 UTC https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158772619 The heat shock method that is used to insert a plasmid into a bacteria like E.coli amylen5140 https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158773588 2017-03-08 18:47:53 UTC https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158773588 How a plasmid transforms a bacteria's phenotype amylen5140 https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158773770 2017-03-08 18:48:21 UTC https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158773770 How a selectabke marker on a plasmid allow for us to isolate transformed bacteria amylen5140 https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158776454 2017-03-08 18:53:26 UTC https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158776454 How we activate a gene of interest on a plasmid amylen5140 https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158776746 2017-03-08 18:54:11 UTC https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158776746 What properties of the HIC column allowed us to isolate a purified protein amylen5140 https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158776843 2017-03-08 18:54:25 UTC https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158776843 Your own personal stance on GMO's amylen5140 https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158777039 2017-03-08 18:54:53 UTC https://padlet.com/amylen5140/irlmgz5wy24c/wish/158777039