Petrarch was a poet who lived during the fourteenth century.

Petrarch was remembered for being the "Father of Humanism"

Petrarch changed the Renaissance by causing many different people to alter their thoughts about life. Before the Renaissance, people were focused on the Church, but when the Renaissance started, humanism became the main philosophy.

Johannes Gutenberg was a German inventor who lived during the 14th century.

He was known for being the founder of the printing press.

The printing press helped spread ideas, languages, and religions all over the world during the Renaissance, and years later, the protestant reformation. The bible specifically, was translated to different languages so people could be able to read it on their own, instead of the Pope.

Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian artist and inventor who lived during the Renaissance.

He was most remembered for his famous paintings and inventions that he made during the Renaissance, such as the Mona Lisa, the Last Supper, the parachute, and the tank.

Leonardo da Vinci was considered a genius during the Renaissance for his knowledge and imagination, inspiring other artists to embrace creativity, and further encouraging realism and perspective in various paintings.

Erasmus was a Dutch philosopher and humanist.

He was most remembered for writing the Praise of Folly, which criticized the Church.

After Erasmus criticized the Church, it sparked controversy, and more people grew apart from the Church and towards humanism. Later on, more people also criticized the Church, and he strived for reformation of the Church.

Martin Luther was from Germany. He was a reformer and theologian.

Martin Luther was most remembered for starting the reformation and writing his 95 theses.

After the reformation, there was a split between Christianity. Catholic churches were separated from Protestant religions, such as Lutheranism, which was based on Luther's teachings.

Ignatius of Loyola was a priest who lived during the 16th century.

He was most remembered for founding the Jesuits, who spread Catholic doctrine.

Ignatius of Loyola was later burned at the stake, inspiring others to stand for their beliefs.

John Calvin lived in the 16th century, and was a theologian.

He expanded the reformation by spreading the idea of predestination, which was that God decides who is saved before they are born.

As a result of the spread of predestination, a new protestant religion, Calvinism, was formed and was spread.

Pope Paul III was a former Pope who lived during the Renaissance and Counter-Reformation.

He started the Council of Trent, which took place from 1545-1563 and also led the Counter-Reformation.

The Council of Trent reestablished the Catholic Church's superiority, although there were protestants who opposed them.