Cardiovascular Disease by sophiaa. gurl

Cardiovascular Disease is the Leading Cause of Global Deaths

sophiadalman — 2023-10-03 21:09:10 UTC

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global deaths in all regions of the world, in the us alone there were about 774,165 deaths from CVD in 2015
In the U.S., the age-adjusted mortality rates for heart disease and stroke in African-American people remain the highest.

Mensah, G. A. (2018, November). Cardiovascular diseases in African Americans: Fostering Community Partnerships to stem the Tide. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6200348/#:~:text=Although%20the%20national%20age%2Dadjusted,compared%20to%20rates%20in%20Whites.

Burden of cardiovascular disease on the African American adults

2023-10-03 21:15:34 UTC

In 2018, Black Americans were 30% more likely to die from heart disease and 40% more likely to have high blood pressure than white adults. Young, Black adults in particular were observed to have higher rates of health complications and poor hospital outcomes in the U.S. from 2007 to 2017. Despite the advancements in medication, screening, and diagnostic techniques, the rates of cardiovascular disease have yet to decrease among African American. Researchers found that in 2017, the patients were:

Younger (mean of age 30 vs 31 in 2007), male (30.4% vs 28.8% in 2007)
3 times more likely to have type 2 diabetes with chronic complications
More than 2 times likely to have obesity
2 times more likely to be tobacco smokers

(Penn Medicine, Why Heart Disease Is an Even Greater Threat to Black Adults, 2022) (Newsroom, Young, Black adults had a higher risk of heart disease, worse hospital outcomes, 2021)

Chronic Disease Cause High Medical Cost

luisboggianojr — 2023-10-03 21:19:09 UTC

The six common chronic conditions were estimated to incur nearly $141 billion in medical expenditures in California in 2016. In San Francisco alone, which has approximately a population of 871,185, was said to have spent $1,458,767,515 for the cost of chronic conditions; hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, and coronary heart failure

Hoch. J, et al. (2016). Chronic Disease Cause High Medical Cost. California Department Of Public Health. https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CCDPHP/DCDIC/CDCB/CDPH%20Document%20Library/2016%20Estimated%20Health%20Care%20Expenditures%20of%20Chronic%20Disease%20in%20California.pdf

How are African American adults impacted in San Francisco?

yasmeenkateramos — 2023-10-03 21:21:22 UTC

In the southwest half of San Francisco, hospitalization and emergency room visit rates due to cardiovascular disease are higher among residents (100 vs 19 per 10,000 residents). 23.4% of adults living in San Francisco have been told that they have high blood pressure. Hospitalization rates from heart diseases (hypertension/heart failure) is 3-5 times higher for Black/African Americans than all other races.

(SF.GOV, Health Disparities Dashboard) (SFHIP, Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke)

Cardiovascular disease in adults San Francisco

luisboggianojr — 2023-10-03 21:30:43 UTC

23.4 percent of adults living in San Francisco have been told that they have high blood pressure with African Americans having the highest percentage (33.5 percent)

Cardiovascular disease and stroke. SFHIP. (n.d.). https://sfhip.org/chna/community-health-data/cardiovascular-disease-and-stroke/#:~:text=Heart%20disease%2FHeart%20failure%3A%20Overall,female%20adults%20

Socioeconomic Status on Cardiovascular Risks

yasmeenkateramos — 2023-10-03 21:46:12 UTC

SES disadvantages are education, employment, income, and even ZIP code can be an influence to the health of African Americans.

Lifestyle choices or behaviors can be influenced from the community and neighborhood, such as having access to healthy foods, neighborhood violence, safety, or community bond.

(NIH / Effect of Race and Socioeconomic Status on Cardiovascular Risk Factor Burden: The Cooper Center Longitudinal Study, December 15, 2014, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4266688/#:~:text=Results,have%20all%20three%20risk%20factors.)(Frierson, G. M., et al., Cardiovascular Diseases in African Americans: Fostering Community Partnerships to Stem the Tide, November 1, 2019, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6200348/#:~:text=The%20greater%20prevalence%20of%20adverse,risk%20factors%20in%20the%20former.)

Food Deserts Decrease Healthy Food Options

luisboggianojr — 2023-10-05 23:22:27 UTC

Socioeconomic status disadvantages of education, employment, income, and even ZIP code can be an influence to the health of African Americans. The majority of the 94124 zip code, which is in the Bayview area of San Francisco, live in a food desert. With only two grocery stores in the neighborhood, there is not enough fresh food being offered. According to The City’s COVID-19 Command Center report, Latinos and Black seniors are twice as likely to be food insecure in San Francisco which in turn increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Graf, C. (2021, November 17). San Francisco’s Bayview district struggles to emerge from food desert. San Francisco Examiner. https://www.sfexaminer.com/archives/san-francisco-s-bayview-district-struggles-to-emerge-from-food-desert/article_f8cddb4b-9594-57d0-9700-c71b2f24e345.html

Smokers Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Disease

yasmeenkateramos — 2023-10-09 00:48:43 UTC

Smoking kills more than 400,000. people in the U.S. each year, those who smoke are at a higher risk of developing heart disease or stroke. According to CDC, 34,000 people who are nonsmokers die from second-hand smoking.

Smoking can cause changes to the hearts blood vessels, such as reducing blood flow to the heart, increases the risk for blood clots, reducing the amount of oxygen that goes to the body's tissues.

Out of all the risks to developing cardiovascular disease, smoking can be the most preventable cause of early death.

(John Hopkins Medicine / Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease, https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/smoking-and-cardiovascular-disease)

Lack of physical activity and obesity increases risk of heart and circulatory disease

2023-10-10 00:05:11 UTC

Being physically inactive and obese can lead to the buildup of fatty material in your arteries that can get damaged/clogged and as a result lead to a heart attack or stroke.

(British Foundation, Physical Inactivity) (British Foundation, Obesity) (British Foundation, Diabetes- causes, symptoms & treatments)

Medium Term Outcomes

yasmeenkateramos — 2023-10-12 21:10:54 UTC

1. Increase the # of African American adults in San Francisco eating healthier by 1 year (behavior)

2. Increase the # of African American adults in San Francisco that cook healthier meals by 1 year (behavior)

3. Decrease the # of African American adults in San Francisco smoking tobacco by 1 year (behavior)

4. Increase the # of daily activity African American adults exercise in San Francisco by 1 year (behavior)

5. Increase the # of African American adults in San Francisco that get screened for cardiovascular disease by 1 year (behavior)

Short Term Outcomes

yasmeenkateramos — 2023-10-12 21:11:15 UTC

1. Increase the # of African American adults in San Francisco that believe eating a balanced diet decreases cardiovascular disease in 1-6 months (attitude)

2. Increase the # of African American adults in San Francisco that know physical activity decreases risk of cardiovascular disease (knowledge)

3. Increase the # of African American adults in San Francisco that know how to implement physical activity into their lives in 1-6 months (knowledge)

4. Increase the # of African American adults in San Fransisco who know that smoking tobacco increases cardiovascular disease and possible ways to quit smoking in 1-6 months (knowledge)

5. Increase the # of African American adults in San Francisco that know where to get screened and access resources in relation to cardiovascular disease in 3-4 months (knowledge)

6. Increase the # of African American adults in San Francisco who believe that they can maintain a healthy diet and be physically active in 3-4 months. (attitude)

Long Term Outcomes

sophiadalman — 2023-10-12 21:43:14 UTC

1. Decrease the # of African American adults in San Francisco hospitalizations due to cardiovascular disease in 2-3 years.

2. Decrease the # of deaths of African American adults in San Francisco due to cardiovascular disease in 2-3 years.

3. Decrease the # of African American adults in San Francisco who have cardiovascular disease in 2-3 years.

Program Name

2023-10-19 21:08:59 UTC

Hearty Attitude
"don't make things hearter"

Program Participants

2023-10-19 21:10:52 UTC

African American adults aged 40+ who live in San Francisco

Program Activities Phase 1: Program Development (mos. 1-3)

ychow1_2 — 2023-10-19 21:19:17 UTC

Hire staff
Find a space in San Francisco to rent that is easily accessible via walking or public transportation for program activities (recreation centers, parks, etc.)
Gather materials
Develop a curriculum to train Hearty Safety Ambassadors about cardiovascular disease (screening with doctors and upkeep, healthy cooking, exercising, stopping smoking Tobacco), public speaking, training skills, and media advocacy
Develop a curriculum to train San Francisco African-American adults on how to screen with doctors and upkeep, healthy cooking, exercising by walking daily, and stop smoking Tobacco
Partnerships with local farmers markets for deals with ingredients and local clinics for screenings
Recruit 7 African American adults as Hearty Ambassadors

Program Activities Phase 2: Program Implementation (mos. 4-22)

ychow1_2 — 2023-10-19 21:20:00 UTC

Training Hearty Ambassadors:

Train 7 Ambassadors who will meet for 3 hours a day for 4 days a week for a month. They will learn how to lecture about smoking and screening, learn basic cooking skills and recipes, learn what walking trails to lead nature walks on, know how to spread outreach messages, and social media campaigning.

Hearty Ambassadors Conduct Separate Sessions For Hearty Participants:

Every two months there will be a new group with 25 people for 16 months. After two months, a new group will be instilled. The first and third Tuesday of each month will be for teaching about screening and smoking. Every Wednesday of the month will be a workshop for cooking. Every Saturday morning will have a nature walk for all participants throughout the program to join.

Screening and Smoking Session:

Teach a course to 25 participants about the importance of screening and the dangers/debunking myths of smoking. (2 hours every first and third Tuesday for 16 months)

Cooking Session: Teach 25 participants about healthy eating habits, and give healthy recipes with YouTube tutorials, and live demonstrations to try a healthy dish. (3 hours every Wednesday for 16 months)

Nature Walks: Participants will learn the importance of being active and will take part and go on a 2-hour nature walk on local trails. All participants are allowed to join from previous months too. (2 hours, every Saturday morning for 16 months)

Training Approach:

Interactive
Workshops
Getting into a routine

Training Topics:

Identifying risk factors and preventative care
Learning basic recipes and kitchen skills
Implementing a low-intensity workout into their routine

Spread Outreach Messages/Social Media Campaigning:

Ambassadors create outreach messages that can be put out in the community and create social media posts/campaigns to advertise the program. (run for 8 months)
20 posters/billboards in San Francisco targeting African Americans (importance of screening, prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, and promoting the Hearty Attitude program)
100 social media posts on platforms using trends to show the importance of getting screened(Instagram, Twitter, Tiktok)

Program Activities Phase 3: Closing (mos. 23-24)

ychow1_2 — 2023-10-19 21:20:47 UTC

Hold a Walk-a-Thon at a park to celebrate and highlight reduced risk and cases of cardiovascular disease among African American adults in San Francisco
Hold a pot-luck at a park and have participants bring their own healthy food that they cooked
Conduct evaluation activities
Develop final report about the Hearty program

Program Outputs

ychow1_2 — 2023-10-19 21:21:00 UTC

7 Hearty Ambassadors

2 Curriculums which are 4 modules to train Hearty Ambassadors and then the other one is 3 modules for African American older adults in San Francisco
200 total participants in 16 months, 25 participants every 2 months.
10 interviews of Hearty Ambassadors on local news
100 social media posts about the program
20 posters/billboards in San Francisco about Cardiovascular Disease in African Americans

Program Timeline

ychow1_2 — 2023-10-31 21:03:29 UTC

Hearty Attitude Staffing

yasmeenkateramos — 2023-11-14 02:43:13 UTC

Project Director (Part-Time)
Project Coordinator (Part-Time)
7 Hearty Ambassadors
Social Media Consultant

Hearty Attitude Budget

yasmeenkateramos — 2023-11-14 02:44:42 UTC