EIC404 ASSESSMENT 1: e-PORTFOLIO - FOOD CULTURE AND REFLECTION by ADIRA NELLISA BINTI AZHARUL NAHAR https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m ADIRA NELLISA BINTI AZHARUL NAHAR | 2022736573 | LG2431C en-us 2022-03-31 04:08:46 UTC 2025-04-24 09:35:27 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f970.png The Author: adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2174887326 Assalamualaikum and I hope you will have a pleasant day ahead of you! I am Adira Nellisa Binti Azharul Nahar, the author of this Padlet. I am 20 years old and  my occupation is a student. Currently, I am pursuing my studies in Bachelor of Degree in Applied Language Studies (Hons) English for Intercultural Communication at UiTM Shah Alam.

For my assignment, I am tasked to choose one of the cultural elements and 5 of the ethnic groups within Malaysia. I choose Food as the cultural element and the ethnic groups are Baba Nyonya, Jawi Peranakan, Kadazan Dusun, Lun Bawang and Tausug.

Within this portfolio, I would like to exhibit my findings and knowledge that I have gained throughout my intensive research of my chosen ethnic groups in Malaysia.

Without further ado, I would like to present to you my assignment. ]]> 2022-05-09 01:50:37 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2174887326 adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176291589 1. Introduction
2. Table of Contents
3. Baba Nyonya
4. Jawi Peranakan 
5. Kadazan Dusun
6. Lun Bawang
7. Tausug
8. Reflection
9. References]]> 2022-05-09 18:58:27 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176291589 Nasi Lemuni adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176342882 Nasi lemuni is a dish flavoured with the leaves of the simpleleaf chastetree (Vitex trifolia). The herb is believed to restore vitality to women in confinement.

Ingredients:
  • 1 kg of basmathi rice is washed and tossed 
  • 6 cups water 
  • 1 cup lemuni leaf extract 
  • 200 grams coconut cream 
  • Minced onion
  • Minced garlic 
  • Sliced ginger
  • 4 herbs spice 
  • Pandan leaf 
  • Lemongrass 
  • Salt to taste 
  • Sugar to taste
  • Olive oil 

Instructions:
  1. Heat up the pot and add olive oil. 
  2. Sauté onion, garlic and sliced ​​ginger until it is aromatic. 
  3. Add pandan leaf, lemon grass and spices. 
  4. Add water and lemuni leaf extract.
  5. Add in salt and sugar to taste and stir. 
  6. After boiling, add coconut cream and rice. 
  7. Stir until well combined, cover the pan until the rice is cook. 
  8. Once cooked, serve it with other dishes.
]]> 2022-05-09 19:34:49 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176342882 Nasi Kenduri adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176347691 Nasi kenduri also known as Ghee Rice, is a popular Jawi Peranakan dish and it is a take on biryani. Biryani was introduced to India by the Mughals. Indian Muslim merchants brought it to Penang more than 600 years ago.

Ingredients:
  • Shallots
  • Garlic
  • Ginger
  • Clarified butter
  • Cloves
  • Cardamom
  • Cinnamon quills
  • 4 cups of Basmati Rice

Instructions:
  1. Fry shallots, garlic and ginger in clarified butter.
  2. Add in cloves, cardamom and cinnamon quills.
  3. Basmati and water are then added to the mixture.
  4. The rice cooked until it is cooked.
  5. Serve it with other dishes.
]]> 2022-05-09 19:38:28 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176347691 Laksa Nyonya (Curry Noodles with Coconut Milk) adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176348610 Each state in Malaysia has their own version of Laksa. For the Baba Nyonya community, it is traditionally made with fish-based gravy of prawns and served with thick rice noodles or thin vermicelli.

Ingredients for the paste:
  • 1 cup onion puree
  • 1tbsp of minced galangal
  • 4tbsp minced garlic
  • 200ml vegetable oil
  • 3tsp belacan (shrimp paste)
  • 2tsp grated turmeric
  • 4tbsp minced dried shrimp
  • 150ml chilli paste
  • 25g minced lemongrass
  • 3tbsp sugar
  • 4 1/2tbsp chicken stock granules

Ingredients for the soup:
  • 600ml coconut cream
  • 1.4litre water
  • 1/2cup laksa leaves
  • 300g seafood (prawns, sliced fishcake etc. – poached)
  • 500g dried rice sticks, soaked in warm water until soft and strain it. 
  • 250g Hokkien noodles
  • 2 Lebanese cucumbers and cut it into thin strips
  • 200g beansprouts
  • 10 halved tofu puffs 
  • 4 boiled peeled eggs

Instructions:
  1. Combine all paste ingredients except oil and mix well. Fry paste in the oil until browned and aromatic. 
  2. Combine 1 cup fried paste with water and coconut cream. Put in all the halved tofu puffs and simmer for 3 minutes.
  3. Boil a saucepan of water and blanch ingredients separately. Noodles and beansprouts for 10 seconds each and seafood about 20 seconds.
  4. Divide noodles, beansprouts, seafood and chicken into bowls. Pour over soup and tofu puffs, top with eggs.
]]> 2022-05-09 19:39:05 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176348610 Ayam Pongteh (Nyonya stewed chicken) adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176349489 Ayam Pongteh or also known as Nyonya Stewed Chicken is a dish made with chicken, potato, taucheo (fermented soy bean sauce) and gula Melaka (palm sugar). Ayam Pongteh is often served with steamed rice.

Ingredients:
  • 2 shallots, peeled and roughly chopped
  • 5 cloves garlic, peeled and roughly chopped
  • 4 small boiling Yukon or Red potatoes, peeled and cut into large pieces
  • 1/4 cup oil
  • 1/4 cup taucheo
  • Salt to taste
  • 3 cups water
  • 1 tablespoon dark soy sauce
  • 1 tablespoon soy sauce
  • 2 tablespoons palm sugar, chopped
  • 0.4 kg-1.3 kg chicken, cut into bite-sized pieces

Instructions:
  1. Pound shallots and garlic into a coarse paste.
  2. Heat oil over medium heat and add the paste and fry for about 2 minutes.
  3. Add taucheo, dark soy sauce, and palm sugar. Stir until palm sugar has dissolved and liquid has thickened.
  4. Add chicken, potatoes and the 3 cups of water. Bring it to a boil.
  5. When the water boils, reduce heat and simmer, stir the dish occasionally until the chicken is tender.
  6. Season with salt and soy sauce to taste. Serve hot with steamed rice.
]]> 2022-05-09 19:39:39 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176349489 Ayam Buah Keluak (Chicken with "Black Nuts") adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176350981
- Ayam Buah Keluak is made using the seeds of the kepayang, a tall tree that can be found in the mangrove swamps of Malaysia and Indonesia.

- The nuts must be cooked properly as it is poisonous and can be deadly. They’re soaked in cold water for at least two days, after which the flesh is scraped out and pounded into a paste with salt and sugar. The paste will be stuffed back into the shell.

- The chicken and kepayang seeds are simmered for hours and coated with sautéed spice paste and tamarind puree.

Ingredients:
  • 1 kg chicken, cut into chunky pieces
  • 15 buah keluak
  • 4 stalks bruised lemon grass
  • 4 tbsp oil
  • 4 tbsp tamarind paste
  • 1 litre water
  • 1½ tbsp sugar
  • 1 tsp salt
  • 15 shallots
  • 2 cloves garlic
  • 2cm piece galangal
  • 3 candlenuts
  • 8 fresh seeded red chillies
  • 4 dried chilies, soaked
  • 1 tbsp belacan stock granules

Instructions:
  1. Soak buah keluak in water for two days. Scrub well with a brush and wash clean.
  2. Heat oil in a wok, fry ground spices and lemon grass until fragrant. Add in chicken and stir it constantly.
  3. Add tamarind juice and buah keluak. Simmer until the liquid thickens and chicken is tender. Add seasoning to taste, then dish out to serve hot.
]]> 2022-05-09 19:40:42 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176350981 Linopot adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176356815 Kadazan Dusun people believe that rice has soul because the presence of paddy spirits, Bambarayon. Linopot is made of rice and it is packed and wrapped nicely in a big leaf. The word “Linopot” means packing in Dusun language.

Linopot can last for days without getting bad. After unwrapping, the leaf can be used as an eco-friendly plate and it does not have to be washed.

Ingredients:
  • 1 bowl of hot rice
  • 1 bowl of sweet potatoes
  • 1 pinch of salt
  • 1 bowl of water
  • 2 pieces of banana leaves

Instructions:
  1. Cook rice as usual.
  2. Boil the sweet potatoes with a bowl of water and salt. 
  3. When the sweet potatoes are soft, you can remove the skin and cut into small pieces.
  4. Mash hot rice together with sweet potatoes.
  5. Wrap the rice in banana leaves.
  6. Linopot rice is ready to eat.
]]> 2022-05-09 19:44:42 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176356815 Hinava adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176359083 Hinava is a raw fish salad that is well-known among the Kadazan Dusun people. The dish is often serve during the Kaamatan Festival (Rice Harvest Festival). Hinava can be an appetizer or served with a bowl of rice.

Ingredients:
  • 600g raw tuna or mackerel. Cut it into strips.
  • 120 ml lime juice or vinegar
  • 3 to 4 small sliced shallots
  • 2 inches young ginger, finely julienned
  • 2 large chilies, cut into fine strips
  • 5 bird’s eye chilies, cut finely
  • 1 small bitter gourd (cut into strips and marinated in salt for few minutes )
  • Salt & sugar to taste

Instructions:
  1. Mix the sliced bitter gourd with salt to reduce
  2. bitterness. Rinse it with water.
  3. Marinate the fish with lime juice or vinegar for 10 minutes. 
  4. Mix all ingredients together.
  5. Chill it in the fridge until it is ready to eat.
]]> 2022-05-09 19:46:23 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176359083 Pinasakan adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176359666 During the days before refrigeration was invented, Kadazan-dusun people would cook dishes like pinasakan to go for days without spoiling. Pinasakan is very suitable to be eaten with white rice and sambal.

Ingredients:
  • Cleaned sardines
  • Banana leaves
  • 4 pieces of turmeric Leaves
  • 2 chopped bambangan mango 
  • 1 tablespoon cooking oil
  • 4 cloves chopped garlic
  • 1 large chopped onion
  • 4 cm chopped ginger
  • 1 teaspoon turmeric Powder
  • 5 sliced dried chili
  • 50 g tamarind
  • 100 ml Air
  • 3 asam keping
  • Maggi cukup rasa to taste

Instructions:
  1. The fish should be disemboweled and cleaned first. Set it aside.
  2. Put the cooking oil in the pan and wait until it is hot. Then sauté the garlic, ginger, turmeric powder and dried chilies until fragrant.
  3. Add tamarind, asam keping, Maggi cukup rasa and water with fish into the pan.
  4. Then in a pot, arrange a piece of banana leaf with turmeric leaves and bambangan mango. Place the fish and the cooked ingredients on the leaves.
  5. Cover the lid of the pot and let it cook over low heat for about 25 minutes.
]]> 2022-05-09 19:46:46 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176359666 About Baba Nyonya adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176360312
- The cooking style of the Baba Nyonya community is a hybrid of Chinese and Malay culture. It is a legacy of marriages during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries between Chinese immigrants and native Malaysians in Melaka.

- Chinese merchants and entrepreneurs flocked to Melaka as they are hoping to escape famine and poverty during Manchu rule. The Chinese settlers, mostly male, intermarried with Malay women, thus, the Baba-Nyonya community was born.

- The Baba-Nyonyas retain Chinese traditions and religious beliefs while simultaneously adopted Malay customs and social practices. Their blend of Chinese and Malay cooking remains the most significant legacy.
]]> 2022-05-09 19:47:20 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176360312 About Jawi Peranakan adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176360653 -  'Jawi' is the word Arabs used to refer to Muslims from Southeast Asia. 'Peranakan' means offspring of people who came to the Malaysian Straits and married locals. 

- The term Jawi Peranakan refers to all Muslims born locally, speak the Malay Language and have a mixed Indian-Malay or Arab-Malay lineage.

- The community is known for their usage of lemuni in their cooking. It provides multiple medicinal benefits such as treating common colds, lowering blood pressure and liver issues.]]> 2022-05-09 19:47:36 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176360653 Nuba Laya adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176368542 Nuba laya or soft rice is made of steaming hot mashed rice wrapped in leaves. Nuba laya can be either dry or wet depending on your preference.

Ingredients:
  • 10 cups of rice
  • Water
  • leaves

Instructions:
  1. Wash the rice in a pot.
  2. Add water until it fill up the pot and bring it to a boil.
  3. Stir the rice occasionally until it is soften.
  4. Mash the rice until it is well combined.
  5. Wait until the rice cool down and wipe  leaves until it is clean from dirt and dust. 
  6. Wrap the rice with the leaf.
  7. Serve it with other dishes such as serunding and rendang.
]]> 2022-05-09 19:53:42 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176368542 Kelupis adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176371324 Kelupis is a dish commonly make during Hari Raya, Wedding events and other celebration at the Lun Bawang community.

Ingredients:
  • 500ml coconut milk
  • 500ml of water
  • 500gm glutinous rice
  • Daun Ngirik (special leaves for kelupis)
  • Pandan leaf
  • Salt to taste

Instructions:
  1. Wash glutinous rice and daun ngirik
  2. Cook coconut milk, water, a little salt and pandan leaves over medium heat until the oil breaks
  3. Add the washed glutinous rice and stir until the water and coconut milk are dry
  4. Wrap glutinous rice with daun ngirik
  5. Wrapped kelupis can be steamed or stored in the freezer
]]> 2022-05-09 19:56:06 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176371324 Tiyula Itum adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176386582 Tiyula itum or sup daging masak hitam is a dish native to the people in Sabah. The name originated from the Philippines and it is a combination of the word tula' and itum. Tula' means cooking with soup and itum is black because of the burned coconut. This dish is believed to increase libido and high blood pressure.

Ingredients:
  • 1/2 roasted coconut filling
  • 1.5 kg of beef
  • 1-2 inches of pounded ginger
  • 1-2 inches of pounded galangal
  • 1 inch pounded turmeric 
  • 5 cloves smashed garlic
  • 1 large sliced onion
  • 5 smashed lemongrass stalks
  • 10 pounded chili seeds (pounded)
  • Asam keping
  • Salt and Ajinomoto powder to taste

Instructions:
  1. Mix the meat with the pounded ingredients and the roasted coconut filling. 
  2. Marinate the meat for a while.
  3. Heat the oil then sauté the onion and garlic until crisp and fragrant.
  4. Add the meat and lemongrass then stir well.
  5. Add enough water and boil until the meat is tender. Add water if necessary.
  6. Add asam keping, salt and Ajinomoto powder to taste.
  7. Cook over medium heat until the aroma rises.
  8. Ready to serve!

]]> 2022-05-09 20:08:34 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176386582 Wadjit adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176400088 Wadjit is made of black and white glutinous rice. The dish can be commonly found in the stalls at Sandakan. The usual price of wadjit is RM0.20. Wadjit can also be prepared with or without banana leaves.

Ingredients 1:

  • 300 g glutinous rice (Soaked overnight)
  • 4 tbsp water

Ingredients 2:

  • 30 g caster sugar
  • 45 g gula Melaka
  • 30 g brown sugar
  • 8 pieces pandan leaves
  •  ¼ tspn salt
  • 200 ml thick coconut milk
  • Banana leaves for wrapping

Instructions:
1. Steam ingredients 1 over high heat with three pandan leaves. 
2. Sprinkle with 4 tablespoons of water after 15 minutes. 
3. Continue steaming until rice is cooked. 
4. Cook ingredients 2 in a pot until it turns into syrup. 
5. Add in cooked glutinous rice and simmer until  dry.
6. Scoop out and press onto a tray and let it cool. 
7. Wrap in prepared banana leaves.
]]> 2022-05-09 20:20:10 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176400088 adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176972965 2022-05-10 05:19:28 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176972965 About Kadazan Dusun adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176977964 - Kadazan Dusun is the largest ethnic group in Sabah, Malaysia. It is situated on the northeastern extremity of the island of Borneo. They are also known as “Mamasok”, which means “indigenous people”.]]> 2022-05-10 05:23:47 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176977964 About Lun Bawang adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176978100 - The Lun Bawang are mostly found in Limbang Division of Sarawak, Malaysia, especially around Lawas Town.  Long Semadoh, Ba Kelalan and Long Luping are some of the notable and historical villages located up in the highlands. 

- The villages are beautiful and are widely claimed by visitors as the most beautiful places on earth. The people in the community are extremely friendly and peaceful.]]> 2022-05-10 05:23:54 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176978100 About Tausug adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176978377 - The Tausug, meaning 'people of the sea current', are also known as Suluks in Sabah. The community originated from the Sulu Archipelago in the Philippines and they migrated to Sabah in the 18th century. 

- They have now become established Sabahans and the Tausug can be found mainly in coastal area communities in eastern Sabah.

- Most of the food within the community have similarities with the people from the Philippines. ]]> 2022-05-10 05:24:00 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2176978377 Daun Ngirik adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2177381453 Daun ngirik or also known as daun lerek is a leaf specially used to make Kelupis.]]> 2022-05-10 10:51:50 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2177381453 Pinasakan adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2177507154 2022-05-10 12:33:12 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2177507154 Kelupis Tutorial adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2177542248 2022-05-10 12:55:40 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2177542248 Nasi Lemuni Tutorial adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2177545799 2022-05-10 12:57:59 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2177545799 Nasi Kenduri Tutorial adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2177549518 2022-05-10 13:00:22 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2177549518 List of references adira_nellisa https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2177748532 2022-05-10 14:47:46 UTC https://padlet.com/adira_nellisa/i4qyxy2odot1hj8m/wish/2177748532