Salmonella Typhimurium by Annabelle

What is Salmonella

annabellegensle — 2015-02-09 14:19:23 UTC

Salmonella is a bacterial disease that is caused mainly by raw meat and eggs. People of all ages can get Salmonella.

Q: Can you guess where Salmonella is most common?

A: The U.S. surprisingly is where it is most common.

In states like California, New York, Illinois, North Carolina, and Washington, there are 9-20 cases yearly in the U.S.

According to Right Diagnosis, there are:

-1,199,580,000 un-diagnosed cases in the U.S yearly

-400 deaths yearly in the U.S

-42,000 cases in the U.S yearly

-1,200,000,000 total cases in the U.S yearly

Signs & Symptoms

annabellegensle — 2015-02-09 14:59:43 UTC

Most people who have Salmonella don't even know it. According to Kids Health, this happens because symptoms of Salmonella usually occur 12-72 hours later. Symptoms include..

-Fever

-Dehydration

-Headache

-Muscle Pain

-Cramp

-Nausea

Cure & Prevention

annabellegensle — 2015-02-09 16:46:09 UTC

Salmonella can be prevented by:

-Washing hands after using raw meat or eggs

-Making sure that all raw items are cooked through properly

-Keeping cooked and uncooked items separate

According to the CDC, Salmonella can be cured by:

- Waiting for the bacteria to go away on its own

-Getting the vaccination in only severe cases

-Using Acetaminophen to lower fever in servere

Cell Structures & Functions

annabellegensle — 2015-02-10 14:10:59 UTC

Salmonella is extremely dangerous, because it can digest cells. Salmonella then takes over cells.

After it invades the cell, the bacteria replicates itself, and survives from doing this.

Salmonella has an overall growth advantage compared to other bacteria.

Immune System

annabellegensle — 2015-02-10 14:22:13 UTC

Your Immune System is what fights off disease. When Salmonella invades the body, it fights by.:

-Throwing toxins in lysosomes at the bacteria

-Producing oxygen radicals that may kill the cell

After it invades the body, Salmonella starts by mainly affecting the host cell. It then completely takes over a vacuole within the host cell made up of the cell membrane. Your immune then throws toxins at the bacteria. The bacteria divides as the vacuole grows. Salmonella will eventually get small enough, that it disappears.

Systems

annabellegensle — 2015-02-10 14:34:34 UTC

Salmonella affects the muscular, digestive, and skeletal systems of your body. They are impacted because:

-The digestive systems slows down.

-The muscular system becomes weaker.

-When the muscular and skeletal systems try to walk, they slow down, and become weak.

-When the muscular and skeletal systems do walk, they don't walk for very long.

The parts of the muscular systems that are mainly affected are:

-Specialized cells

-Muscle fibers

-Blood vesicles

Livestrong says the parts of the skeletal system that are mainly affected are the vertebrae and pelvis.

Interesting Facts

annabellegensle — 2015-02-10 14:45:30 UTC

CNN Quick Facts says:

-Salmonella is one of the most frequent food caused illnesses reported

-1.4 million cases since 2009

-Over 2,300 species

-Salmonella Bredeney infections associated with peanut butter manufactured by Sunland, Inc.

-A total of 42 persons in 20 states have been infected.

-People who have the bacteria should not cook for others

-"As of May 22, 2014, a total of 574 persons in 27 states have been infected." from Foster Farms brand Chicken

-"Salmonella Typhimurium infections linked to contact with live poultry purchased from feed stores and mail-order hatcheries. A total of 316 persons in 37 states have been infected."

How it Spreads

annabellegensle — 2015-02-11 14:31:26 UTC

Salmonella can spread within an instance. eHow and CNN say the bacteria can spread by:

-People who do not wash their hands after cooking with raw meat or eggs
-Cross contamination
-The animal used can also be diseased
-Salmonella can spread from animals (Mostly reptiles and young birds.) Wash your hands after petting any animal

Cited Sources

annabellegensle — 2015-02-12 14:22:30 UTC

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 14 May 2013. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.

"How Does Salmonella Food Poisoning Affect the Body? - Salmonella Food Poisoning." Sharecare. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.

"Salmonella Fast Facts - CNN.com." CNN. Cable News Network, n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2015

"Intracellular Infection by Salmonella | HHMI's BioInteractive." HHMI.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2015

N.p., n.d. Web

"Salmonella Infects Cells And Saves Itself By Altering Host Membrane Lipids." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2015

"Salmonella Infections." KidsHealth - the Web's Most Visited Site about Children's Health. Ed. Joel Klein. The Nemours Foundation, 01 Sept. 2011. Web. 11 Feb. 2015

"Salmonella Meningitis." Salmonella Meningitis. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.

"Salmonella Outwits Immune System - Futurity." Futurity. N.p., 24 Sept. 2010. Web. 12 Feb. 2015"Salmonella." Salmonella. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2015

"SEER Training Modules." SEER Training:Introduction to the Muscular System. N.p., n.d. Web. 11

"Study Finds How Bacteria Inactivate Immune Defences." Study Finds How Bacteria Inactivate Immune Defences. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.

"Statistics about Salmonella Food Poisoning." - RightDiagnosis.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.

"Which Organs in the Human Body Are Affected by Salmonella?"LIVESTRONG.COM. LIVESTRONG.COM, 24 Oct. 2013. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.

Zorn, Phyllis. "How Does Salmonella Typhimurium Spread?" EHow. Demand Media, 03 Oct. 2009. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.