Vitamins and Minerals by Mdm Yati

Vitamins and Minerals by Mdm Yati https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm Functions, Sources, Deficiency and Toxicity en-us 2018-02-08 03:35:24 UTC 2018-02-28 23:03:56 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Apple.png functions https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418412 -an important component of the enzyme system which helps our body to break down food into energy
-needed for normal functioning of nerves]]> 2018-02-08 04:25:51 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418412 Function of Vitamin K: https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418418 Vitamin K is needed for blood clotting to prevent excessive blood loss. (When we suffer a wound)

~Deficiency of Vitamin K will lead to excessive bleeding when wounded as blood is not able to clot properly.

]]> 2018-02-08 04:25:53 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418418 functions of vitamin B2 https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418605 - responsible for the release of energy from foods
- needed for the normal growth and development of our body ]]> 2018-02-08 04:27:28 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418605 Function: https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418749 Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant and protects our body from harmful substances which are produced by the chemical reactions in our body which could cause cancer.It also helps in maintaining healthy nerves and muscles.

Sources:
- Vegetable oils
- Whole grain food
- Nuts
- Liver

Deficiency:
Severe deficiency can cause the rupture of red blood cells also known as haemolysis
- Anaemia
- Nerve diseases

Toxicity:
Excessive vitamin E may decrease the absorption of vitamin K in our body.

]]> 2018-02-08 04:28:18 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418749 sources https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418773 meat, cereals, mushrooms, peas, nuts,soya beans]]> 2018-02-08 04:28:32 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418773 functions of vitamin B9 https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418782 -needed to release energy from amino acids
-plays an important role in manufacturing new cells and genetic materials (DNA) in our body
-works together with vitamins B12 and iron to form red blood cells]]> 2018-02-08 04:28:37 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418782 Functions of vitamin A https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418815 >allows us to see in dim light.
>needed to form and maintain healthy skin .
>needed to provide resistance in infection.
>needed for growth and development of our body .
> acts on an antioxidant. Examples: wild berries, dark chocolate and blackberries.

A lack of vitamin A can lead to:
>poor growth in children.
>dry and rough skin.
>night blindness.
>severe deficiency may lead to a lost of sight.

Source:]]> 2018-02-08 04:28:51 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418815 sources https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418914 - dairy products
- eggs
- meat
- green leafy vegetables ( eg. spinach and lettuce etc )
- liver
- soya bean

]]> 2018-02-08 04:29:32 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418914 Functions https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418950 ~ Needed for usual functioning of nerves.
~ Needed for maintenance of the enzyme system in our body.

~ Helps in the production of red blood cells.

]]> 2018-02-08 04:29:49 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418950 deficiency https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418985 a lack of vitamin B1 can lead to beriberi, a condition in which the limbs become weak, the heart enlarges and the swelling of the leg occurs]]> 2018-02-08 04:30:09 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229418985 deficiency https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419135 a lack of vitamins B2 may lead to ariboflavinosis , a condition which is characterised by the inflammation of the tongue , dry sealy lips , red patches on the skin and eyes , and nerve disorder ]]> 2018-02-08 04:31:35 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419135 Also known as ascorbic acid https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419139 2018-02-08 04:31:38 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419139 https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419144 2018-02-08 04:31:40 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419144 Functions of Vitamin B6 https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419146 -Needed to produce and break down amino acids.
-Needed for normal growth and maintenance of body cells and tissues]]> 2018-02-08 04:31:43 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419146 toxicity https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419190 there are no known symptoms of vitamin B1 toxicity]]> 2018-02-08 04:32:10 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419190 Function of Vitamin C https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419206 1. It acts as an antioxidant: It prevents oxidation reactions which may damage body cells.

Including enough vitamin C in your may give you healthy and younger looking skin.]]> 2018-02-08 04:32:18 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419206 Functions of vitamin B3 https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419295 - Convert food into glucose
- used to produce energy
- Produce macromolecules
- produces fatty acids and cholesterol
- Involved in the release of energy from carbohydrates and fats

]]> 2018-02-08 04:33:16 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419295 sources of vitamin B9 https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419324 -milk
-cereals
-liver
-green leafy vegetables such as spinach and broccoli
-citrus fruit such as oranges
-whole-grain food]]> 2018-02-08 04:33:31 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419324 Function https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419350 - helps the body to absorb calcium and phosphorus as it is needed to develop strong bones and teeth.
- using sunlight, our body can produce vitamin D.
- Human skin absorbs UV rays from the sun and then convert it to vitamin

]]> 2018-02-08 04:33:46 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419350 toxicity https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419409 there are no known symptoms of vitamin B2 toxicity ]]> 2018-02-08 04:34:22 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419409 Sources https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419539 -Whole-grain food
-Meat
-Fish
-Poultry
-Potatoes
-Liver
- Fruits like banana and watermelon]]> 2018-02-08 04:35:36 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419539 Function of Vitamin C https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419553 2. It is needed to form proteins such as collagen. These proteins give structure to bones, muscles and blood vessels.

Collagen is known to give strength and elasticity to our skin. Thus resulting in younger looking skin.]]> 2018-02-08 04:35:44 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419553 deficiencies for vitamin B9 https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419563 a lack in vitamin B9 can lead to:
-anaemia
-pregnant women giving birth to premature and low birth weight babies, and babies with spina bifida (cleft spine), a birth defect when there is an incomplete closure in the spinal column ]]> 2018-02-08 04:35:50 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419563 Sources: https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419600 Vitamin K can be obtained by eating the various food below:
~Liver
~Vegetable oil
~Legumes (Long beans)
~Leafy vegetables such as; spinach and broccoli
~Vitamin K is also produced by bacteria in our large intestine]]> 2018-02-08 04:36:11 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419600 Sources https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419860 ~ Dairy products
~ Meat
~ Poultry
~ Fish
~ Eggs

]]> 2018-02-08 04:38:51 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419860 Sources https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419866 - oily fish
- milk
-liver
-egg yolk
-cheese
-sulight {which is a non -food source}

]]> 2018-02-08 04:38:57 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419866 toxicity of vitamin B9 https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419870 -there are no known symptoms of vitamin B9 toxicity]]> 2018-02-08 04:38:58 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419870 Function of Vitamin C https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419884 3. It helps to absorb iron from plants.

Iron from plants is less easily absorbed by the body. Vegetarians, especially vegans can include more vitamin C in their diet to help absorb iron from plants.

]]> 2018-02-08 04:39:05 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419884 Deficiencies https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419958 -Numbness in hands and feet
- Dermatitis
- Anaemia
- Convulsion]]> 2018-02-08 04:40:03 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419958 Sources of Vitamin B3 https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419988 - Meat
-Fish
-Poultry
-Whole-grain food
-Liver]]> 2018-02-08 04:40:25 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419988 Function of Vitamin C https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419994 4. It helps to heal cuts, wounds and prevent infections.

]]> 2018-02-08 04:40:27 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229419994 Deficiencies https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420032 a lack in vitamin D can lead to:
- weak bones and strong teeth.
- the softening and weakening of the bones can lead to the bowing of knees (legs that curve outwards at the knee/bandy legs) and stuned growth (reduce growth rate in human development) in children. (RICKETS)
- the softening and weakening of bones in adults (OSTEOMALACIA)]]> 2018-02-08 04:40:51 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420032 Sources of Vitamin C https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420124 Vitamin C can only be found in plants. Some examples include:
tomato, cabbage, cauliflower, citrus fruits (e.g. lemon, grapefruit), guava.

]]> 2018-02-08 04:41:54 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420124 Also knows as Folate/ Folic acid https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420166 2018-02-08 04:42:31 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420166 Deficiency https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420212 Lack of Vitamin B12 can result in Pernicious Anaemia which can lead to degeneration of the nerves, paralysis and even death.

]]> 2018-02-08 04:42:53 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420212 Deficiency https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420416 A lack of B3 may lead to pellagra, a disease which is characterised by scaly sores, diarrhoea and most often, loss of memory. ]]> 2018-02-08 04:44:49 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420416 Vitamin K toxicity https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420647 Vitamin K toxicity is rare.
Vitamin K toxicity is typically seen in formula-fed infants or those receiving synthetic vitamin K-3 (menadione) injections]]> 2018-02-08 04:47:15 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420647 Deficiency disease https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420669 A lack of vitamin C may lead to scurvy.

A person with scurvy will have bleeding gums, scaly skin and painful joints.]]> 2018-02-08 04:47:27 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420669 Toxicity https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420684 There are no known symptoms of Vitamin B12 toxicity.

]]> 2018-02-08 04:47:37 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420684 Toxicity https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420753 Toxicity occurs in people who take high doses of supplements. Symptoms may include:
-Flushing of skin;
-Tingling sensation in hands and feet;
-Liver damage;
-Blurred vision;
-Glucose intolerance]]> 2018-02-08 04:48:21 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420753 Toxicity https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420758 - can ocour from excessive intake of calcium supplements.
- may increase the level of calcium in blood which will cause HYPERCALCEMIA.
-HYPERCALCEMIA can cause
~hardening of arteris
~hardening of organs such as liver and kidney]]> 2018-02-08 04:48:23 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420758 Toxicity https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420793 2018-02-08 04:48:45 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420793 Toxicity https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420832 If you eat more than 2 grams of vitamin C you may experience nausea, diarrhoea and abdominal cramps. ]]> 2018-02-08 04:49:08 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/229420832 Functions of Chloride https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075314 Chloride is also needed to make digestive (stomach) juice.

Both sodium and chloride are needed for regulation of fluid in our body]]> 2018-02-22 04:01:22 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075314 Function https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075669 ~ Works with sodium to regulate the movement of fluids and minerals into and out of our body cells.
~ Essential for muscle development and nerve functions.

]]> 2018-02-22 04:03:47 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075669 about calcium https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075816 - most abundant mineral in our body
- makes up about 2% of our body weight.

]]> 2018-02-22 04:04:43 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075816 definition of phosphorus https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075822 phosphorus is an essential constituent of all cell and is an important component in bone]]> 2018-02-22 04:04:46 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075822 Function" https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075861 -It's essential for the production of thyroxine which is a hormone that controls the rate of metabolism in our body.Iodine also helps in our growth and development of our body.

Sources:
- Seafood
-Seaweed
-Iodized salt

Deficiencies:
- Goitre: Causes the thyroid gland to swell
- Weight gain
- lethargy
- Slowing of both physical and mental processes

Toxicity:
- Iodine toxicity may cause acne like lesions/wounds on the skin.
- Excess of iodine can block the production of thyroid hormones leading to goitre.]]> 2018-02-22 04:05:00 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075861 functions https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075862 - works with phosphorus and vitamin D to form strong bones and teeth
- needed for normal blood clotting
-needed for normal functioning of muscles and nerves]]> 2018-02-22 04:05:01 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075862 Toxicity of Potassium https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075917 People with kidney problems will not be able to excrete excess potassium, thus, leading to having high levels of potassium in their body. This may lead to heart attack]]> 2018-02-22 04:05:19 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234075917 functions of phosphorus https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076087 - works with calcium and vitamin D to build and maintain strong bones and teeth
- required for the conversion of carbohydrates and fats into energy
- helps maintain fluid balance in our body ]]> 2018-02-22 04:06:50 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076087 Deficiencies of Potassium https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076113 People with kidney diseases are more prone to potassium deficiency. Some symptoms include:
-loss of appetite
-fatigue
-muscle weakness]]> 2018-02-22 04:07:09 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076113 Deficiencies of chloride https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076177 Chloride deficiency can be caused by excessive fluid loss through vomiting, sweating or diarrhea.

This causes Hypochloremia - which is an abnormally low level of the chloride ion in the blood.

Symptoms of hypochloremia are:
~Frequent dehydration
~Fluid loss via; diarrhea or vomiting
~Loss of potassium in urine]]> 2018-02-22 04:07:38 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076177 deficiency https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076249 a lack of calcium can cause osteoporosis, a bone disease which results in the thinning of bone tissues and loss of bone density over time. the bones become fragile and there is an increased risk of fractures---most hip and spine fractures are due to osteoporosis. in severe cases,the bones can break due to minor falls or even when carrying out normal daily routines. osteoporosis is more common among the elderly. however, we can minimize the risk of developing osteoporosis later in life by ensuring enough calcium intake when we are young]]> 2018-02-22 04:08:19 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076249 deficiencies of phosphorus https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076440 a severe lack of phosphorus can lead to :
~ bone loss
~ stunted growth
~ poor dental health]]> 2018-02-22 04:09:38 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076440 sources of phosphorus https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076498 - dairy products such as milk , cheese and yogurt
- meat
- fish
- eggs
- cereals ]]> 2018-02-22 04:10:06 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076498 https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076575 2018-02-22 04:10:46 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076575 Deficiencies https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076583 - A lack of sodium chloride in the direct can lead to painful muscle cramps.
- Sodium chloride deficiency also causes diarrhoea and vomiting.]]> 2018-02-22 04:10:50 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076583 Sources https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076586 ~ Fruits
~ Dairy products
~ Whole-grain food
~ Vegetables
~ Seafood
~ Meat

]]> 2018-02-22 04:10:52 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076586 functions https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076609 - works with phosphorus and vitamin D to form strong bones and teeth.
- needed for normal blood clotting
- needed for normal functioning of muscles and nerves]]> 2018-02-22 04:11:08 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076609 toxicity of phosphorus https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076714 People who are suffering from kidney diseases or those who take who take excessive vitamin D supplements are more prone to phosphorus toxicity.High levels of phosphorus in our body can cause spasms and convulsions.]]> 2018-02-22 04:12:03 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076714 Sources of sodium chloride https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076800 -Table salt
-A wide variety of fresh food
-Seasonings
-Processed food]]> 2018-02-22 04:13:00 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076800 deficiency https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076829 - lack of calcium can ]]> 2018-02-22 04:13:12 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076829 Toxicity https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076924 - Excessive intake of sodium may cause bloating and swelling of body tissues due to water retention in our body.
- Excessive intake may also lead to hypertension. ]]> 2018-02-22 04:14:07 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076924 deficiency https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076932 -lack of calcium can cause osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a bone disease which can result in thinning of bone tissues and loss of bone density over time. The bones become fragile and there is an increase risk of fractures-most hip and spine fractures are due to osteoporosis. In severe cases, the bones can break due to minor falls or even when carrying out normal dily routines. Osteoporosis is more common among the elderly. However, we an minimise the risk of developing osteoporosis later ]]> 2018-02-22 04:14:16 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234076932 Sources of chloride https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234077054 Vegetable sources:
>Cabbage
>Cauliflower
>Broccolli
>Brussel sprout]]> 2018-02-22 04:15:30 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234077054 sources https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234077077 - dairy products such as milk,cheese and yogurt
- fish with edible bones such as sardines and anchovies
- vegetables such as watercress and cauliflower
- tofu ]]> 2018-02-22 04:15:43 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234077077 Functions of Sodium Chloride https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234077114 -Sodium is needed for the control of nerves and muscles
-Both sodium and chloride are needed for the regulation of fluid in our body]]> 2018-02-22 04:16:02 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234077114 toxicity https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234077243 -an overdoes of calcium can lead to calcium toxicity, which can result in the formation of kidney stones, leading to kidney damage. this causes great pain and discomfort.
-calcium toxicity also prevents the absorption of other minerals by our body ]]> 2018-02-22 04:17:28 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234077243 Toxicity of Chloride https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234077367 Chloride toxicity has not been observed in humans.]]> 2018-02-22 04:18:49 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234077367 Definition of Sodium Chloride https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234078508 2018-02-22 04:27:48 UTC https://padlet.com/yatie1530/vnm/wish/234078508