Sleep deficiency is also linked to a higher chance of injury in adults, teens, and children. For example, sleepiness while driving (not related to alcohol) is responsible for serious car crash injuries and death. In older adults, sleep deficiency may be linked to a higher chance of falls and broken bones.

Sleep deficiency has also played a role in human mistakes linked to tragic accidents, such as nuclear reactor meltdowns, grounding of large ships, and plane crashes.

Sleep Deprivation can interfere with most, if not everything you do. Sleep deficiency can make it hard for you to control your emotions and affect how you perceive others emotions and reactions. It is also linked to a chance of injury. There is research that also points to it being played as a role in human errors connected to tragic accidents like plane crashes.

Somewhat Paraphrase : Sleep Deprivation is when a person does not get the needed amount of sleep. They can also be caused by many things. In children it can affect academic performance and behavior. "Chronic sleep deprivation can have a negative impact on the brain, metabolic (e.g., overweight/obesity, diabetes) and immune health."

My Paraphrase

Over the last decade there have been studies which show that sleep deprivation affects those under 18's cognitive abilities. This can result in bad decisions being made. In a study on Americans 14-18 it was found that there was an increased likelihood in participating in health-risk behaviors like smoking, consuming alcohol, marijuana use and participating in violence. A Finish study also showed that 27% of 13-18 year-olds reported having weekly sleep problems. One theory is sleep deprivation affects one's cognition.

(2)Go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. For children, have a set bedtime and a bedtime routine. Don't use the child's bedroom for timeouts or punishment.

• Try to keep the same sleep schedule on weeknights and weekends. Limit the difference to no more than about an hour. Staying up late and sleeping in late on weekends can disrupt your body clock's sleep-wake rhythm.

• Use the hour before bed for quiet time. Avoid intense exercise and bright artificial light, such as from a TV or computer screen. The light may signal the brain that it's time to be awake.

• Avoid heavy or large meals within a few hours of bedtime. (Having a light snack is okay.) Also, avoid alcoholic drinks before bed.

• Avoid nicotine (for example, cigarettes) and caffeine (including caffeinated soda, coffee, tea, and chocolate). Nicotine and caffeine are stimulants, and both substances can interfere with sleep. The effects of caffeine can last up to 8 hours. So, a cup of coffee in the late afternoon can make it hard for you to fall asleep at night.

• Spend time outside every day (when possible) and be physically active.

• Keep your bedroom quiet, cool, and dark (a dim night light is fine, if needed).

• Take a hot bath or use relaxation techniques before bed.

My paraphrase: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute says that these are the most healthy sleep habits they are: going to bed and waking up at the same time each day, trying to keep the same sleep schedule during the week and weekends, use the hour before bed for quiet time so no screens or lots of light and noise. Don't have alcohol or large meals before bed, avoid nicotine and caffeine. If possible try to also spend time outside each day, keep your bedroom cold, quiet, and dark. You can also try to take a warm bath or try other relaxation techniques like meditation.

• Diabetes/insulin resistance

• Hypertension

• Obesity

• Obstructive sleep apnea

• Vascular disease

• Stroke

• Myocardial infarct

• Depression

• Anxiety

• Psychosis

• hormonal time shift – puberty hormones shift the teenager’s body clock forward by about one or two hours, making them sleepier one to two hours later. Yet, while the teenager falls asleep later, early school starts don’t allow them to sleep in. This nightly ‘sleep debt’ leads to chronic sleep deprivation

• using screen based devices – smart phones and other devices used around bed time reduce sleep time. Teens who put down their smart-phones an hour before bed gain an extra 21 minutes sleep a night, (that's one hour and 45 minutes over the school week) according to a study by Vic Health and the Sleep Health Foundation

• hectic after-school schedule – homework, sport, part-time work and social commitments can cut into a teenager’s sleeping time

• leisure activities – the lure of stimulating entertainment such as television, the internet and computer gaming can keep a teenager out of bed.

• light exposure – light cues the brain to stay awake. In the evening, lights from televisions, mobile phones and computers can prevent adequate production of melatonin, the brain chemical (neurotransmitter) responsible for sleep

• vicious circle – insufficient sleep causes a teenager’s brain to become more active. An over-aroused brain is less able to fall asleep.

• social attitudes – in Western culture, keeping active is valued more than sleep

• sleep disorder – sleep disorders, such as restless legs syndrome or sleep apnoea, can affect how much sleep a teenager gets.

Paraphrase : What are the reasons people develop sleep deprivation. It can be due to many things such as light exposure, which causes the brain to stay active for longer. Blue light devices like phones and tv's also contribute to worsened or delayed sleep. Studies have found that " Teens who put down their smartphones an hour before bed gain an extra 21 minutes sleep a night".

Paraphrase pt2 :Sleep disorders also affect how much a teenager sleeps. After school schedules can also cut into a teenagers sleep time. Many teens (especially those in high school) have to spend lots of time juggling homework, after school activities, and for some even part time jobs. There is also a "Hormonal Time Shift". Which pushes the time when teenagers will naturally tire an hour or two back. This paired with schools early starts means that many will not get the needed time to sleep in resulting in "sleep debt".

While both daytime and evening screen use may affect sleep patterns, research points to bedtime use as having the greatest impact on a teen’s sleep. The sleep disruption may be even greater when teens use their electronic devices in the dark. Even just keeping an electronic device in a bedroom can lead to poor sleep. 

One reason excessive teenage media consumption raises concerns is its potential influence on the developing teen brain. Experts aren’t quite sure how screen time affects brain function and behavior. Some researchers believe that growing young brains may be more vulnerable to the effects of electronic devices than adults are.

Teenagers need more sleep because their bodies and minds are growing quickly. Scientific research shows that many teens do not get enough sleep. Although getting enough sleep may not seem that big a deal to most teens, those who don’t get enough sleep and are overtired are more likely to:

• Struggle in school

• Have trouble with memory, concentration, and motivation (the desire to accomplish a goal)

• Be involved in car crashes and other accidents. Sleepiness (the feeling of wanting or needing to sleep in places and at times when you shouldn’t) affects reaction times

• Feel depressed, which can become a serious medical condition

Has it impacted your life outside of school?

Do you have any techniques to fall asleep or stay asleep?

Do Electronics affect your sleep?

How does it impact your energy, cognitive ability, and willpower?