Y9A Prior Knowledge - New Order by Cikal

What do you know about The Old Order? (Pandu)

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:13:50 UTC

The Old Order was count since the first presidential era of Indonesia in 1945, lead by Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta until 1967. Soekarno was building "NASAKOM" to embrace the existence of communist in Indonesia and to create bond between religions and communist it self. Communist isn't a bad thing according to Soekarno.
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Still in Old Order, Soeharto was planning to ban all communist existence in Indonesia. It was an aggressive political fight between Soekarno and Soeharto. up till when Soekarno fall sick and hospitalized. that time Soeharto didn't allowed Soekarno's family to visit him at the hospital. I think it was the worst decision was ever made by Soeharto!!!

How was the beginning, the political, economic, a socio-cultural condition during the Old Order? (Pandu)

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:14:01 UTC

* ideology crisis!
During the old order, Indonesia still struggling in the settlement of ideologies. Soekarno also face huge struggle uniting Indonesia where were really split up based on each tribes and believes that time.

* Pemberontakan berbasis agama!
as a newly independent country, Indonesia hasn't have their own original rule (Undang-Undang) so at that time, Indonesia was using Syariah rule who was basically muslims rules. this rule trigger a rebellion from non-muslim people.
Indonesia's political parties was also based on religion who were not neutral for the other religion.

* Economy!
(again) as a newly independent country, Indonesia were still learning, and learning makes mistake. Indonesia were printing too many money that cause instability of economy

What do you know about The Old Order?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:14:31 UTC

The Old Order is Indonesia's first presidency batch which began in 1945 and ended in 1967. The batch has Soekarno and Hatta as its leaders. Although both were the people's favorite during the fight for independence, many conflicts arose such as Soekarno and Hatta's feud, causing Hatta's departure from the leadership. This order ended with Soekarno's decision of stepping down from the presidency and handing the power to Soeharto.

What do you know about The Old Order?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:14:37 UTC

The Old Order is a governance period under the presidency of Soekarno, which started in 1945 and ended in 1967.

What do you know about The Old Order?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:14:42 UTC

The old order lasted from 1945-1966 during Seokarno's presidency.
Soekarno was the first president and Muhammad Hatta was the first vice-president of Indonesia.

What do you know about The Old Order?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:14:47 UTC

The Old Order was the first presidential period of Indonesia under the leadership of Soekarno and Mohhamad Hatta, this period started in 1945 and ended in 1967

How was the beginning, the political, economic, a socio-cultural condition during the Old Order?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:14:55 UTC

Soekarno's political effort began with "Demokrasi Parlementer". However, this method is considered "ineffective" because of the difference in ideologies within the cabinet, eventually replaced by "Demokrasi Terpimpin". This method has authoritative tendencies and mostly relies on the military and the communist party. They are parts of NASAKOM, an ideology created by Soekarno that combined Nationalism, Religion, and Communism. Unfortunately, NASAKOM didn't work out either, again because of conflicts between ideologies. The feud between parties has led to the G30SPKI, the slaughtering of high-ranked military officers, resulting in the military taking the lead and throwing the blame to the communist party, triggering the mass slaughter of PKI and communists across Indonesia. This series of events ended with Supersemar issued and the transfer of power to Soeharto. During the periods of both "Demokrasi Parlementer" and "Demokrasi Terpimpin", certain groups with their own agenda rebelled in different regions of Indonesia, leading to an unstable political situation that directly impacts the economy. To fund its debts and massive construction projects, Indonesia printed a large amount of money that resulted in hyperinflation. A signature of the NASAKOM is its anti-western capitalism tendencies, indicated by Indonesia's departure from the IMF, which worsen the situation since the monetary fund stopped.

How was the beginning, the political, economic, a socio-cultural condition during the Old Order?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:15:01 UTC

After the great independence, things weren't actually going that great for Indonesia.

During the Old order, guiding the newborn nation that is still plagued by traumas of the past along with social and political conflicts of the present had proved to be a daunting task for the first generation of Indonesian politicians and President Soekarno himself (along with his Vice President, Mohammad Hatta.)

It was very stressful of an era because of the many said ongoing political conflicts. The main sides of the conflict at the time was as following:

1) The Military (PRRI)

The Military were dissapointed in the results of Undang Undang Dasar 1950, as it didn't really serve any political role for them.

2) The Muslims

The Muslims wanted Indonesia to be a religious Islamic country, an Idea that was controversial with the non-Muslim population.

3) The Communists (PKI)

PKI weren't mostly getting problems to begin with, but rather causing it. People were stirred up when their party is brought back to light even though they were already banned in 1927.

4) The Nationalists

The Nationalists demanded rights and needs for the people more than the country.

The whole political scene was a chaotic mess, and if it wasn't bad enough, Indonesia was also still constantly harassed by Netherlands who still claimed the land as theirs and wouldn't acknowledge the independence until further international pressure.

All this conflict has also inflicted the economy in a bad way at the time, and the bad economy situation made even more conflicts.

How was the beginning, the political, economic, a socio-cultural condition during the Old Order?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:15:06 UTC

When Soekarno and Mohammed Hatta pronounced the proclamation of Indonesian independence on 17 August 1945, together with the publication of a short and provisional constitution, troubles were far from over. In fact, it would take four more years of Revolution against the Dutch who after being freed from the Germans in Europe returned to reclaim their colony.

Debates among several influential sides regarding the ideological basis of Indonesia and the organization of relations between organs of the state had begun even before the proclamation in August 1945. These influential groups are the Indonesian army, Muslims, communists, and nationalists

How was the beginning, the political, economic, a socio-cultural condition during the Old Order?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:15:10 UTC

The Old Order didn't have a good start. Since Indonesia was still a young nation, the political conflicts from both the past and present became the task for the first batch of Indonesia's politicians and both the President and Vice President.

There were multiple ideology conflicts happening everywhere, this involved the people from:

The communists (PKI)

The Nationalists who demanded for the rights and needs of the people over the country's

The Muslims which demanded for Indonesia to be an Islamic country

PRRI/PERMESTA which declared a revolutionary government.

How the Old Order ended? (Bumi)

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:15:25 UTC

The first reason is because of Economic crisis (Resesi), the second reason is because of Political turmoil, Rebellion of Partai komunis Indonesia (PKI) which is followed by student riots in the form of Tritura (Tiga tuntutan rakyat), The old order ended after the presence of Supersemar (Surat perintah 11 maret) which gave command to General Soeharto which had the power to solve the problem and crisis in Indonesia.

How the Old Order ended?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:15:28 UTC

The Old Order ended in 1966, due to the chaos of the political and security situation of the country due to the events of the September 30th Movement of 1965 plus a longstanding conflict in the army and a strong and widespread reaction from the public who condemned the massacres carried out by the PKI.

How the Old Order ended?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:15:32 UTC

In 1966 Sukarno was included in the special session with MPR, the position of president for Soekarno was replaced by Suharto.

How the Old Order ended?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:15:35 UTC

The end of the power of the Old Order government in 1967, beginning with the issuance of the March 11 Order (Supersemar) in 1966 with MPRS Decree No. IX/MPRS/1966, promulgated in Jakarta on June 21, 1966. The Old Order in Indonesian political history refers to the Soekarno government which lasted from 1945 to 1966. This term was of course not used at that time, and was only coined during the Suharto era, also known as the New Order.

How the Old Order ended?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:15:37 UTC

The Old Order ended in the year of 1966, the "Gerakan 30 September" Coup d'état, or in short, G30SPKI, has caused to have killed 7 generals as a casualty. As then, the Supersemar, a government decree on the date of March 11th that President Sukarno signed, gives the full authority to General Suharto in order to restore order and also protect Sukarno and the Indonesian revolution.

How do you think New Order began after? (Sarah)

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:15:51 UTC

the beginning of new order was when sukarno signed the supersemar on 11 march, which is a document for suharto about commands to restore order from the events of the genocides in 65-66.

How do you think New Order began after?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:15:54 UTC

The New Order was the order that was led during the Soeharto government, the New Order lasted from 1966 to 1998. The New Order replaced the Old Order which refers to the era of Soekarno's government. The New Order was born from the Surat Perintah Sebelas Maret (Supersemar) on 11 March 1966, which later became the legal basis.

How do you think New Order began after?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:15:58 UTC

President Soeharto's New order regime was already on action after President Soekarno signed the Supersemar agreement at March 11th, 1966, where Soekarno has agreed to give full power to Major General Soeharto (Although he gained his president title a year or two later, somewhere in 1967 - 1968)

How do you think New Order began after?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:16:00 UTC

The new order began after SUPERSEMAR - surat perintah 11 Maret 1966. There was a power struggle between Soekarno and Soeharto and seokarno was forced to sign SUPERSEMAR.
The new order began with Seoharto's precidency (2nd president of Indonesia).

How do you think New Order began after?

academicho — 2022-01-10 05:16:02 UTC

The new order began after Soekarno signed the decree known as the Supersemar document in 1966 transferring the power from himself to Suharto. Soekarno's powers were reducing more and more until Suharto was formally named the president in 1967. This marked the era known as the New Order.