Due to the limits in technology, globalization was not widespread. However, as more towns and cities were created, social connections were made. The decentralized, egalitarian nature of hunter and gatherer groups was replaced by centralize and highly stratified patriarchal social structures. Different "classes" of people began to appear such as "craft specialists" and bureaucrats and soldiers

This was also the time when the Chinese influenced the world with knowledege in chemistry, mathematics and astronomy. Chinese inventions included the mechanical clock, paper, silk and the compass -- all of which were huge contributions to the world. 
At this point, the Silk Road was formed. The Silk Road was a trade route that was used throughout the Asian continent and linked east and west. It was significant due to not just its economic benefits, but also its facilitation of cultural exchanges. The Silk Road provided numerous advantages but also brought some problems. Because of the interaction among humans on this route, disease spread rapidly (whereas before, it would have been contained in one area). 
Significant Developments:
1. Permanent roads.
2. Age of Empires: Egyptian Kingdoms, Persian Empire, Macedonian Empire, Aztecs and the Incas, Roman Empire, Indian Empires, Byzantine Empire, Islamic Caliphates, Holy Roman Empire, Ghana Empire, Mali Empire,  Ottoman Empire, and the Chinese Empire.
3. Chinese Empire turned inward. 
4. Emergence of World Religions: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism. 
5. Global diseases: bubonic plague (killed 1/3 of the population of China, the Middle East, and Europe)

During this period, there was increasing exchange of goods and services.  To keep production of goods at a reasonable (and profitable) rate, workers were needed. In particular, more low-cost workers were in demand. One way to fulfill this need was to buy slaves and obtain indentured labourers from Africa, Indian, China -- and many other non-European countries.  Slaves and labourers were used to work in many industries agriculture, factories and homes. The mass population transfer of the workers resulted in suffering and death of millions of non-Europeans. 

Certainly, you know about slaves being used as labourers in North America. According to the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database, between 1525 and 1866, 12.5 million slaves were taken from Africa and shipped globally.  Approximately 2 million died during travels.

Significant Developments:
1. European Enlightenment: emergence of objective sciences, universal form of morality and law, "rational modes of thought". 
2. European driven globalization through using Islamic and Chinese technological inventions. Innovation in mechanized printing, sophisticated wind and water mills, extensive postal systems, revised maritime technologies, and advanced navigation techniques. Emergence of ideas of 'liberal' individualism and limited government. 
3. Emergence of "merchant class" in Europe. Individualism and unlimited material accumulation contributed to the 'capitalist world system". 
4. Emergence of nation-states. 
5. Beginning of European colonialism.